Dubious demeanours: unmasking Poe’s untrustworthy and delusional narrators in “The Fall of the House of Usher” (1839) and “Ligeia” (1838)

Trabajo de fin de Grado. Grado en Estudios Ingleses. Curso académico 2016-2017[EN]Imbued with the gothic literary tradition, Edgar Allan Poe introduces his readers into a world of horror where reality is constantly clashing with supernatural powers. This paper examines the construction of Poe’s first-person narrators in order to prove their unreliability. Focusing on two of his most well-known tales, “The Fall of the House of Usher” and “Ligeia,” this study attempts to elaborate on the different techniques that Poe uses to construct his untrustworthy narrators. Firstly, several textual inconsistencies and incongruities are examined so as to verify the unreliable and deceitful nature of the two narrators. And secondly, the relation of these narrators to the other characters and physical setting is explored in order to expose the narrators’ psychological unbalance and compromised credibility.[ES]Influido por la tradición gótica literaria, Edgar Allan Poe introduce a sus lectores en un mundo de horror donde la realidad se funde con elementos sobrenaturales. Este trabajo analiza la construcción del narrador no fidedigno en primera persona en dos cuentos de Poe. Centrándonos en dos de sus relatos más conocidos, “The Fall of the House of Usher” y “Ligeia,” este ensayo pretende ahondar en las diferentes técnicas empleadas por Poe a la hora de construir unos narradores nada fidedignos. En primer lugar, se analizarán una serie de inconsistencias e incongruencias textuales con vistas a demostrar la sospechosa y poco fiable naturaleza de los dos narradores. Y, en segundo lugar, se estudiará la relación de estos narradores con respecto a otros personajes y al espacio físico para así advertir al lector de su desequilibrio mental y comprometida credibilidad

Construction of Territory Through Cyberspace: A Latin American View of Young People's Perception of Virtual Space

This article presents a balance about the chapter guidelines for teaching construction of the territory concept in schools today, which is part of the doctoral thesis "La construcción del territorio a través del ciberespacio: una mirada latinoamericana de la percepción de los jóvenes frente al espacio virtual. Presented at University of Valencia, Spain. This unit was focused on the construction of guidelines for learning the territory concept in geography, it is set from a comparative analysis between Spain, Colombia and England, in order to reflect the contributions of the Latin American, European and Anglo-Saxon countries, in line with the reconstitution of geographic knowledge at a global level to expand new approaches to the concept. This is in contrast to the policies in charge of regulating education in these countries. In this way, it is intended to make analytical and conceptual contributions of the territory from teachers' point of view in relation to the discussion of the territorial approach given by these institutional spaces to expand and develop a conceptual framework that contributes to generating significant transformations in the daily activity of educators. proposing a shift in the geography learning, which allows re-meaning the concept of territory in accordance with innovations in knowledge

Productive and reproductive performance and metabolic profiles of ewes supplemented with hydroponically grown green wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)

Inclusion of high levels of concentrate in the diets of late gestation and lactating ewes to improve productive and reproductive performance is a common practice. However cost-effective alternate feeding strategies for small ruminants must be developed and evaluated in order to counteract sustainability issues of feeding them concentrate feeds (Alexandre and Mandonnet, 2005). Hydroponically grown green forages are a potential high feed quality feedstuff in arid and semiarid regions of the world (Al-Faraki and Al-Hashimi, 2012). The nutritive value and fermentative characteristics of hydroponically grown forages positively influenced the performance of late gestation and lactating ewes (Herrera et al., 2010; Gebremedhin, 2015). Earlier investigations emphasized effects of dietary quality on endocrine and metabolic profiles in ewes during pregnancy and lactation (Lemley et al., 2014; Vonnahme et al., 2013). However adequate nutritional status of ewes is associated with favorable productive and reproductive performance whereby blood glucose, non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA) and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) are utilized to sustain a desirable protein and energy balance in ewes during gestation and lactation (Hatfield et al., 1999). Changes in metabolic hormones, such as insulin, play an important role in metabolic adaptation to changes in body weight (BW) and body condition while providing diagnostic information to evaluate ewe nutritional status (Caldeira et al., 2007). Cortisol may be particularly important in this regard as it is the predominant glucocorticoid in sheep blood and has been used as a reliable physiological endpoint to determine ewe responses to a variety of physiological, physical and environmental stress (Moolchandani et al., 2008). A paucity of information is available with respect to the metabolic profile and performance during mating, gestation and lactation of ewes fed diets containing hydroponically grown green wheat (HGW). Thus this experiment was conducted to determine effects of replacement of dry-rolled corn (DRC) and cottonseed meal (CSM) by HGW in an oat hay-based diet on the metabolic profile as well as the productive and reproductive performance of Katahdin female lambs.Twenty six Katahdin ewes (i.e., female lambs from breeding to 2 mo of their 1st lactation) were used in a completely randomized design (13/treatment)to evaluate effects of replacement of dietary dry-rolled corn grain (DRC) and cottonseed meal(CSM) with hydroponically grown whole plant green wheat (HGW; Triticum aestivum L.) on productive parameters and blood metabolites during mating, gestation and lactation, and on body weight (BW) gain of their lambs in their 1st 60 days of age. The gestation diet contained 70% oat hay, 20% rolled corn grain and 10% cottonseed meal, while the lactation diet contained 50% oat hay, 20% DRC and 30% CSM. Treatments consisted of total replacement of DRC and CSM with HGW in the gestation diet, while in the lactation diet HGW replaced 100% of the DRC and 33% of the CSM. There were no diet effects on reproductive parameters, and substitution of DRC and CSM with HGW did not affect dry matter intake during gestation and lactation. The BW gain of the lambs that were fed HGW did not differ from controls in the first 2 months of gestation, while it was lower (P < 0.05) at the last 3 months of gestation. Feeding HGW did not affect birth BW of lambs or subsequent BW gains through 60 days of age. Plasma non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA) were not affected by the diets fed during gestation, but were 56% lower (P < 0.05) at day 60 of lactation. Plasma glucose was only lower (P < 0.05) at day 90 of gestation, and blood urea nitrogen was only lower (P < 0.05) at day 30 of lactation. There were no effects of diets on plasma insulin, cortisol or progesterone during gestation and lactation. Hydroponically grown green wheat is a suitable substitute for a portion of the DRC and CSM in ewes diets during gestation and lactation without negative effects

Lectura de contexto y abordaje psicosocial desde los enfoques narrativos. Tunja

Se propone reconstruir una historia desde una mirada holística promoviendo alternativas que posibiliten el generar cambios positivos, conectar emociones, para así equilibrar el choque de sentimientos desencadenados de las descritas situaciones y emprender una vida esperanzadora. Por otra parte, se pretenden diseñar e implementar estrategias orientadas a la modificación de paradigmas con marcas negativas y de dolor en los actores víctimas, como medio de re significación emocional en su trance vital; no obstante, el proceso analítico de los casos configura el apoyo en un proceso de recuperación que fortalece los recuerdos negativos en el marco experiencial como medio de superación.It is proposed to reconstruct a story from a holistic perspective, promoting alternatives that make it possible to generate positive changes, connect emotions, in order to balance the shock of unchained feelings of the described situations and to undertake a hopeful life. On the other hand, they intend to design and implement strategies aimed at modifying paradigms with negative and pain marks in the victims, as a means of emotional resignification in their vital trance; notwithstanding the analytical process of the cases, they constitute support in a recovery process that strengthens negative memories in the experiential framework as a means of overcoming

Altered T-cell subset distribution in the viral reservoir in HIV-1-infected individuals with extremely low proviral DNA (LoViReTs)

HIV cure strategies aim to eliminate viral reservoirs that persist despite successful antiretroviral therapy (ART). We have previously described that 9% of HIV-infected individuals who receive ART harbor low levels of provirus (LoViReTs). We selected 22 LoViReTs matched with 22 controls ART suppressed for more than 3 years with fewer than 100 and more than 100 HIV-DNA copies/10 6 CD4 + T cells, respectively. We measured HIV reservoirs in blood and host genetic factors. Fourteen LoViReTs underwent leukapheresis to analyze replication-competent virus, and HIV-DNA in CD4 + T-cell subpopulations. Additionally, we measured HIV-DNA in rectum and/or lymph node biopsies from nine of them. We found that LoViReTs harbored not only lower levels of total HIV-DNA, but also significantly lower intact HIV-DNA, cell-associated HIV-RNA, and ultrasensitive viral load than controls. The proportion of intact versus total proviruses was similar in both groups. We found no differences in the percentage of host factors. In peripheral blood, 71% of LoViReTs had undetectable replication-competent virus. Minimum levels of total HIV-DNA were found in rectal and lymph node biopsies compared with HIV-infected individuals receiving ART. The main contributors to the reservoir were short-lived transitional memory and effector memory T cells (47% and 29%, respectively), indicating an altered distribution of the HIV reservoir in the peripheral T-cell subpopulations of LoViReTs. In conclusion, LoViReTs are characterized by low levels of viral reservoir in peripheral blood and secondary lymphoid tissues, which might be explained by an altered distribution of the proviral HIV-DNA towards more short-lived memory T cells. LoViReTs can be considered exceptional candidates for future interventions aimed at curing HIV

Iodotyrosines are biomarkers for preclinical stages of iodine-deficient hypothyroidism in Dehal1 knockout mice

BACKGROUND: Iodine is required for the synthesis of thyroid hormone (TH), but its natural availability is limited. Dehalogenase1 (Dehal1) recycles iodine from mono- and di-iodotyrosines (MIT, DIT) to sustain TH synthesis when iodine supplies are scarce, but its role in the dynamics of storage and conservation of iodine is unknown. METHODS: Dehal1 knockout mice (Dehal1KO) were generated by gene-trapping and the timing of expression and distribution was investigated by X-Gal staining and immunofluorescence using recombinant Dehal1-Betagalactosidase protein produced in fetuses and adult mice. Adult Dehal1KO and wild-type (Wt) animals were fed normal and iodine-deficient diets for 1 month and plasma, urine, and tissues were isolated for analyses. TH status was monitored including T4, T3, MIT, DIT, and urinary iodine concentration using a novel LC-MS-MS method and the Sandell-Kolthoff (S-K) technique throughout the experimental period. RESULTS: Dehal1 is highly expressed in the thyroid, is also present in kidneys, liver, and, unexpectedly, the choroid plexus. In vivo transcription of Dehal1 was induced by iodine deficiency only in the thyroid tissue. Under normal iodine intake, Dehal1KO mice were euthyroid but they showed negative iodine balance due to a continuous loss of iodotyrosines in the urine. Counter-intuitively, the urinary iodine concentration of Dehal1KO mice is two-fold higher than in Wt mice, indicating S-K measures both inorganic and organic iodine. Under iodine restriction, Dehal1KO mice rapidly develop profound hypothyroidism while Wt mice remain euthyroid, suggesting reduced retention of iodine in Dehal1KO mice. Urinary and plasma iodotyrosines were continually elevated throughout their life cycle, including the neonatal period, when pups are still euthyroid. CONCLUSIONS: Plasma and urine iodotyrosine elevation occurs in Dehal1-deficient mice throughout life. Therefore, measurement of iodotyrosines predicts an eventual iodine shortage and development of hypothyroidism in the pre-clinical phase. The prompt establishment of hypothyroidism upon the start of iodine restriction suggests that Dehal1KO mice have low iodine reserves in their thyroid glands, pointing to defective capacity for iodine storage

Acompañamiento a experiencias pedagógicas : una apuesta sentipensante por la configuración de comunidades de saber y práctica

En el marco del Programa de Pensamiento Crítico emerge un estudio orientado a diseñar, implementar y validar las redes de relación y vínculos que posibiliten la conformación y consolidación de comunidades de saber y práctica, como un proceso de largo aliento que apunta a empoderar a maestras, maestros y directivos docentes, a través de acciones de acompañamiento en tres niveles: iniciativas de proyecto, experiencias en desarrollo y experiencias para sistematizar. La obra, publicada en dos tomos, se organiza en capítulos. Un primer capítulo en el que se hace una aproximación conceptual y teórica en torno a qué son las comunidades de saber en clave sentipensante, en términos de los aspectos teóricos y de cómo se han ido configurando en el proceso de acompañamiento pedagógico y el capítulo tres, diez y nueve, correspondientes al nivel de sistematización

El pez sólo puede salvarse en el relámpago: reflexiones sobre literatura ecuatoriana

El pez solo puede salvarse en el relámpago es un libro que recopila los ensayos, artículos, reflexiones, pensamientos sobre la literatura ecuatoriana. El títulos de este libro es tomado del ensay de César Chávez Aguilar sobre César Dávila Andrade. La idea de este libro es mostrar un gran abanico de posibilidades de salvación (o digamos de respiración) que solo nos puede proporcionar la literatura. Por ejemplo, en poesía hay acercamientos a la obra de David Ledesma Vásquez, Jorge Enrique Adoum, Hugo Mayo, César Dávila Andrade o de Dolores Veintimilla de Galindo. En la narrativa dos ensayos sobre Pablo Palacio y una aproximación a la ciencia ficción ecuatoriana más reciente, entre otros textos. También el libro se abre hacia Chile, con un extenso ensayo sobre la poesía lírica de Jorge Teillier y sus puntos de encuentro con sus pares ecuatorianos (…) No se deja de lado el mencionar que todos los textos de este libro son de académicos y de escritores ecuatorianos que escriben sobre sus preocupaciones más inmediatas. Es, en definitiva, un libro plural, diverso, una muestra interesante para entender y seguir de cerca vitalidad de nuestra literatura y de nuestro arte en el siglo XXI

Iodotyrosines Are Biomarkers for Preclinical Stages of Iodine-Deficient Hypothyroidism in Dehal1-Knockout Mice

[Background]: Iodine is required for the synthesis of thyroid hormone (TH), but its natural availability is limited. Dehalogenase1 (Dehal1) recycles iodine from mono- and diiodotyrosines (MIT, DIT) to sustain TH synthesis when iodine supplies are scarce, but its role in the dynamics of storage and conservation of iodine is unknown.[Methods]: Dehal1-knockout (Dehal1KO) mice were generated by gene trapping. The timing of expression and distribution was investigated by X-Gal staining and immunofluorescence using recombinant Dehal1-beta-galactosidase protein produced in fetuses and adult mice. Adult Dehal1KO and wild-type (Wt) animals were fed normal and iodine-deficient diets for 1 month, and plasma, urine, and tissues were isolated for analyses. TH status was monitored, including thyroxine, triiodothyronine, MIT, DIT, and urinary iodine concentration (UIC) using a novel liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry method and the Sandell–Kolthoff (S-K) technique throughout the experimental period.[Results]: Dehal1 is highly expressed in the thyroid and is also present in the kidneys, liver, and, unexpectedly, the choroid plexus. In vivo transcription of Dehal1 was induced by iodine deficiency only in the thyroid tissue. Under normal iodine intake, Dehal1KO mice were euthyroid, but they showed negative iodine balance due to a continuous loss of iodotyrosines in the urine. Counterintuitively, the UIC of Dehal1KO mice is twofold higher than that of Wt mice, indicating that S-K measures both inorganic and organic iodine. Under iodine restriction, Dehal1KO mice rapidly develop profound hypothyroidism, while Wt mice remain euthyroid, suggesting reduced retention of iodine in the thyroids of Dehal1KO mice. Urinary and plasma iodotyrosines were continually elevated throughout the life cycles of Dehal1KO mice, including the neonatal period, when pups were still euthyroid.[Conclusions]: Plasma and urine iodotyrosine elevation occurs in Dehal1-deficient mice throughout life. Therefore, measurement of iodotyrosines predicts an eventual iodine shortage and development of hypothyroidism in the preclinical phase. The prompt establishment of hypothyroidism upon the start of iodine restriction suggests that Dehal1KO mice have low iodine reserves in their thyroid glands, pointing to defective capacity for iodine storage.The work was supported with public funding (AES PI16/00830) to José Carlos Moreno from the Carlos III Health Institute (ISCIII) of the Spanish Ministry of Health and Research, European FEDER Funds and, in part, from the DK15070 grant to Samuel Refetoff from the National Institutes of Health, USA. The rest of the authors have no funding contributions to declare.Peer reviewe

Guía de práctica clínica para la prevención, diagnóstico, tratamiento y rehabilitación de la falla cardiaca en población mayor de 18 años, clasificación B, C y D

La falla cardíaca es un síndrome clínico caracterizado por síntomas y signos típicos de insuficiencia cardíaca, adicional a la evidencia objetiva de una anomalía estructural o funcional del corazón. Guía completa 2016. Guía No. 53Población mayor de 18 añosN/