Upwind Finite Element-PML Approximation of a Novel Linear Potential Model for Free Surface Flows Produced by a Floating Rigid Body

[Abstract] A novel linear potential model is presented to compute free surface flows of incompressible fluids produced by the motion of a floating rigid body in the presence of an underlying non-uniform flow. In particular, the proposed model enables the accurate numerical simulation of the Kelvin wake pattern in a computational domain of reduced size. The governing equations are obtained by using an Arbitrary Lagrangian Eulerian (ALE) formulation which involves the underlying velocity of the fluid around the floating body assuming flat free surface, and a non-dimensional analysis to derive the novel linear system of equations for free surface flows. The discretization of the proposed model is made by a standard Galerkin finite element method, where a SUPG-inspired upwinding strategy has been used in combination with a Perfectly Matched Layer technique which allows truncating the original unbounded fluid domain without introducing spurious reflections in the Kelvin wake pattern. The numerical simulations computed with the proposed approach are compared with the results obtained by the classical linear potential model with uniform underlying flow and also with those from the full incompressible Navier–Stokes equations equipped with the k−ω SST turbulent model. This numerical comparison is discussed in terms of a classical hydrodynamic floating body benchmark involving the Wigley hull.The first two authors have been partially supported by FSE Galicia 2014-2020 and Xunta de Galicia under grant ED481A-2018/212; by Xunta de Galicia & ERDF under grant ED431C 2021/15 and by MICINN/Agencia Estatal de Investigacin & ERDF under the research project MTM2017-86459-R. The third author has been supported by MICINN & ERDF projects MTM2017-82724-R, PID2019-108584RB-I00, and also by ED431C 2018/33 - M2NICA (Xunta de Galicia & ERDF) and ED431G 2019/01 - CITIC (Xunta de Galicia & ERDF)Xunta de Galicia; ED481A-2018/212Xunta de Galicia; ED431C 2021/15Xunta de Galicia; ED431C 2018/33Xunta de Galicia; ED431G 2019/0

Quando a nação se escreve falando o caso da escola audiovisual infantil de belém dos andaquíes

La Escuela Audiovisual Infantil de Belén de los Andaquíes es una experiencia de creación de contenidos en la que niños y niñas narran su visión del territorio y relatan su subjetividad desde el lenguaje audiovisual. El presente artículo se acerca a esta experiencia desde una mirada narrativa e intenta descifrar cuáles son las claves que componen su relato, entre ellas la oralidad y su continua apropiación de otros lenguajes y códigos narrativos. Este texto se nutre de argumentos para explicar por qué experiencias como la Escuela Audiovisual Infantil - EAI proponen formas diferentes de reescribir la nación desde las regiones del país. Este artículo se deriva de algunas de las reflexiones surgidas de la tesis de maestría titulada “La oralidad rebelada. El caso de la Escuela Audiovisual Infantil”, investigación realizada en el marco de la maestría en Literatura de la Universidad Javeriana.The Children’s Audiovisual School of Belén de los Andaquíes is an experience of content creation in which children narrate their vision of the territory and tell their subjectivity from the audiovisual lan­guage. This article approaches the experience from a narrative perspective and intends to decipher the keys that make up its story, including orality and its continued appropriation of other languages and narrative codes. This text draws on arguments to explain why experiences such as the Children’s Audiovisual School propose different ways to re­write the nation from the regions of the country. This article is derived from some of the reflections that emerged from the master’s thesis titled “Rebel Orality. The Children’s Audiovisual School Case”, research carried out within the framework of the master’s degree in Literature of the Javeriana University.A Escola Audiovisual Infantil de Belém dos Anda­quíes é uma experiência de criação de conteúdos na que meninos e meninas narram sua visão do território e relatam sua subjetividade desde a lin­guagem audiovisual. O presente artigo acerca-se a esta experiência desde uma mirada narrativa e ten­ta decifrar quais são as chaves que compõem seu relato, entre elas a oralidade e sua contínua apro­priação de outras linguagens e códigos narrativos. Este texto nutre-se de argumentos para explicar por que experiências como a Escola Audiovisual Infantil propõem formas diferentes de reescrever a nação desde as regiões do país. Este artigo deri­va-se de algumas das reflexões surgidas da tese de mestrado titulada “A oralidad rebelada. O caso da Escola Audiovisual Infantil”, investigação realizada no marco da mestrado em Literatura da Universi­dade Javeriana

La oralidad rebelada : el caso de la Escuela Audiovisual Infantil

La oralidad rebelada. El caso de la Escuela Audiovisual Infantil Óscar Javier Bermúdez Bolívar Jaime Alejandro Rodríguez La presente tesis se plantea como objetivo central dar cuenta de las transformaciones que experimenta la oralidad en los procesos de creación audiovisual en el marco de la experiencia de comunicación comunitaria denominada Escuela Audiovisual Infantil (E.A.I.) en Belén de los Andaquíes, Caquetá. La E.A.I. está conformada por niños y niñas que se dedican a construir relatos audiovisuales en los que ponen en escena su vida cotidiana y sus formas de ver y entender las realidades de su municipio. En las obras audiovisuales de la E.A.I. se evidencia cómo la oralidad establece diálogos con otros lenguajes como la fotografía, la ilustración, el video, la música, entre otros. La tesis hace un seguimiento a estos cambios, los cuales plantean un recorrido que va del relato oral a la oralidad múltiple o multimodal cuando se hibrida con esos otros lenguajes. En el proceso de dar cuenta de estas mutaciones de la oralidad se derivan también una serie de sentidos que pasan por lo literario, lo político, lo estético y lo cultural. Para documentar este proceso de cambio de la oralidad, la tesis propone seis capítulos. El primero explica qué es, y qué hace la E. A.I. El segundo capítulo se pregunta por las tensiones que generan experiencias como la E.A.I. (enmarcada más en la esfera de la cibercultura y los medios) al campo de la literatura. El capítulo tercero es un recorrido por las características de la oralidad en los productos audiovisuales de esta experiencia. Documentar las transformaciones de la oralidad y las hibridaciones que establece con otros lenguajes expresivos es el horizonte del capítulo cuarto. El capítulo quinto hace una lectura estética de los relatos audiovisuales de la E.A.I. El capítulo sexto se constituye en las conclusiones en clave del concepto de periferia.The central aim of this thesis is to describe the transformations that orality has gone through in the audiovisual creation processes developed by the community communication project Escuela Audiovisual Infantil (Children's Audiovisual School), E.A.I., in Belén de los Andaquíes, Department of Caquetá, Colombia. E.A.I. is composed of children who create audiovisual stories to show their daily life and their ways of understanding the realities of their town. Their audiovisual works show how orality enables dialogues with other languages such as photography, drawing, video, music, among others. This thesis keeps track of these transformations, which range from oral story-telling to multiple or multimodal orality when it gets mixed with other languages. The process of describing those mutations in orality relates to other matters in the fields of literature, politics, aesthetics and culture. This thesis is made up of six chapters reflecting the changing process of orality. The first chapter explains what the E.A.I. is and what kind of activities it develops. The second chapter wonders about the strains generated in the field of literature by experiences like the E.A.I. (which actually falls under the area of cyber culture and cyber media). The third chapter describes the main characteristics of orality in audiovisual products created in the E.A.I. The main goal of the fourth chapter is to identify the transformations and hybridizations of orality with respect to other languages. The fifth chapter analyses audiovisual material produced at the E.A.I. from an aesthetical point of view. The sixth chapter makes conclusions based on the concept of periphery.Magíster en LiteraturaMaestrí

Happiness in Latin America; some socioeconomic determinants

Objetivo. Analizar empíricamente los factores que inciden en la felicidad de América Latina en especial en México, Perú y Colombia entre el 2010 y 2013. Metodología. Se estimó un modelo logístico-ordenado para explicar el estado de felicidad reportado por una sub-muestra obtenida de la última ola del World Value Survey para los países de estudio. Entre las variables consideradas se encuentra el estado de salud, sexo, edad, estado civil, nivel educativo, situación laboral y el nivel de ingresos descrito por los encuestados. Resultados y conclusiones. Los resultados indican que el estado de salud incide de forma importante en los niveles de felicidad reportados, así como el estado civil. Sin embargo, y contrario a lo que la teoría económica señala, el nivel de ingresos no resultó significativo en esteámbito.Objetive: To analyze the factors that influence happiness in Latin America specifically in Mexico, Peru and Colombia between 2010 and 2013. Methodology: A logistic-ordered model to explain the state of happiness reported by a sub-sample taken from the last wave of the World Value Survey for the studied countries was estimated. The variables considered for this study were sex, age, educational level, income, employment, health and marital status reported by the survey respondents. Results and conclusions: The results indicate that health status has a significant impact on levels of happiness reported as well as the marital status. However, and contrary to what the economic theory points, the income level was not meaningful in this area

Analysis of heavy-duty turbocharged diesel engine response under cold transient operation with a pre-turbo aftertreatment exhaust manifold configuration

Diesel particulate filters are the most useful technology to reduce particulate matter from the exhaust gas of internal combustion engines. Although these devices have suffered an intense development in terms of the management of filtration and regeneration, the effect of the system location on the engine performance is still a key issue that needs to be properly addressed. The present work is focused on a computational study regarding the effects of a pre-turbo aftertreatment placement under full and partial load transient operation at constant engine speed and low wall temperature along the exhaust line. The aim of the paper is to provide a comprehensive understanding of the engine response to define the guidelines of a control strategy that is able to get the standards of engine driveability during sudden accelerations under restraining thermal transient conditions governed by the aftertreatment thermal inertia. The proposed strategy overcomes the lack of temperature at the inlet of the turbine caused by the thermal transient by means of the boost and EGR control. It leads to a proper management of the power in the exhaust gas for the expansion in the turbine.This work was partially supported by the Universitat Politecnica de Valencia [grant number INNOVA 2011-3182].Bermúdez, V.; Serrano, J.; Piqueras, P.; García Afonso, Ó. (2013). Analysis of heavy-duty turbocharged diesel engine response under cold transient operation with a pre-turbo aftertreatment exhaust manifold configuration. International Journal of Engine Research. 14(4):341-353. https://doi.org/10.1177/1468087412457670S341353144Payri, F., Pastor, J. V., Pastor, J. M., & Juliá, J. E. (2006). Diesel Spray Analysis by Means of Planar Laser-Induced Exciplex Fluorescence. International Journal of Engine Research, 7(1), 77-89. doi:10.1243/146808705x27723Torregrosa, A. J., Broatch, A., Margot, X., Marant, V., & Beauge, Y. (2004). Combustion chamber resonances in direct injection automotive diesel engines: A numerical approach. International Journal of Engine Research, 5(1), 83-91. doi:10.1243/146808704772914264Serrano, J. R., Arnau, F. J., Dolz, V., & Piqueras, P. (2009). Methodology for characterisation and simulation of turbocharged diesel engines combustion during transient operation. Part 1: Data acquisition and post-processing. Applied Thermal Engineering, 29(1), 142-149. doi:10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2008.02.011Serrano, J. R., Climent, H., Guardiola, C., & Piqueras, P. (2009). Methodology for characterisation and simulation of turbocharged diesel engines combustion during transient operation. Part 2: Phenomenological combustion simulation. Applied Thermal Engineering, 29(1), 150-158. doi:10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2008.02.010Rakopoulos, C. D., Dimaratos, A. M., Giakoumis, E. G., & Rakopoulos, D. C. (2009). Evaluation of the effect of engine, load and turbocharger parameters on transient emissions of diesel engine. Energy Conversion and Management, 50(9), 2381-2393. doi:10.1016/j.enconman.2009.05.022Rakopoulos, C. D., Dimaratos, A. M., Giakoumis, E. G., & Rakopoulos, D. C. (2010). Investigating the emissions during acceleration of a turbocharged diesel engine operating with bio-diesel or n-butanol diesel fuel blends. Energy, 35(12), 5173-5184. doi:10.1016/j.energy.2010.07.049Ishikawa, N. (2012). A study on emissions improvement of a diesel engine equipped with a mechanical supercharger. International Journal of Engine Research, 13(2), 99-107. doi:10.1177/1468087411434885Desantes, J. M., Luján, J. M., Pla, B., & Soler, J. A. (2012). On the combination of high-pressure and low-pressure exhaust gas recirculation loops for improved fuel economy and reduced emissions in high-speed direct-injection engines. International Journal of Engine Research, 14(1), 3-11. doi:10.1177/1468087412437623Johnson, T. V. (2009). Review of diesel emissions and control. International Journal of Engine Research, 10(5), 275-285. doi:10.1243/14680874jer04009Tourlonias, P., & Koltsakis, G. (2011). Model-based comparative study of Euro 6 diesel aftertreatment concepts, focusing on fuel consumption. International Journal of Engine Research, 12(3), 238-251. doi:10.1177/1468087411405104Bermúdez, V., Serrano, J. R., Piqueras, P., & García-Afonso, O. (2011). Assessment by means of gas dynamic modelling of a pre-turbo diesel particulate filter configuration in a turbocharged HSDI diesel engine under full-load transient operation. Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part D: Journal of Automobile Engineering, 225(9), 1134-1155. doi:10.1177/0954407011402278Payri, F., Serrano, J. R., Piqueras, P., & García-Afonso, O. (2011). Performance Analysis of a Turbocharged Heavy Duty Diesel Engine with a Pre-turbo Diesel Particulate Filter Configuration. SAE International Journal of Engines, 4(2), 2559-2575. doi:10.4271/2011-37-0004Galindo, J., Serrano, J. R., Arnau, F. J., & Piqueras, P. (2009). Description of a Semi-Independent Time Discretization Methodology for a One-Dimensional Gas Dynamics Model. Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power, 131(3). doi:10.1115/1.2983015Torregrosa, A. J., Serrano, J. R., Arnau, F. J., & Piqueras, P. (2011). A fluid dynamic model for unsteady compressible flow in wall-flow diesel particulate filters. Energy, 36(1), 671-684. doi:10.1016/j.energy.2010.09.047Desantes, J. M., Serrano, J. R., Arnau, F. J., & Piqueras, P. (2012). Derivation of the method of characteristics for the fluid dynamic solution of flow advection along porous wall channels. Applied Mathematical Modelling, 36(7), 3134-3152. doi:10.1016/j.apm.2011.09.090Galindo, J., Serrano, J. R., Piqueras, P., & García-Afonso, Ó. (2012). Heat transfer modelling in honeycomb wall-flow diesel particulate filters. Energy, 43(1), 201-213. doi:10.1016/j.energy.2012.04.04

Upwind finite element-PML approximation of a novel linear potential model for free surface flows produced by a floating rigid body

The first two authors have been partially supported by FSE Galicia 2014-2020 and Xunta de Galicia under grant ED481A-2018/212; by Xunta de Galicia & ERDF under grant ED431C 2021/15 and by MICINN/Agencia Estatal de Investigacin & ERDF under the research project MTM2017-86459-R. The third author has been supported by MICINN & ERDF projects MTM2017-82724-R, PID2019-108584RB-I00, and also by ED431C 2018/33 - M2NICA (Xunta de Galicia & ERDF) and ED431G 2019/01 - CITIC (Xunta de Galicia & ERDF)S

Assessment by means of gas dynamic modelling of a pre-turbo diesel particulate filter configuration in a turbocharged HSDI diesel engine under full-load transient operation

Diesel particulate filters (DPF) are becoming a standard technology in diesel engines because of the need for compliance with forthcoming regulations regarding soot emissions. When a great degree of maturity in management of filtration and regeneration has been attained, the influence of the DPF placement on the engine performance emerges as a key issue to be properly addressed. The novelty of this work leads to the study of an unusual location of an aftertreatment device in the architecture of the turbocharged diesel engine exhaust line. The problem of the pre-turbo DPF placement is tackled comparing the engine response under full-load transient operation as opposed to the traditional DPF location downstream of the turbine. The study has been performed on the basis of a gas dynamic simulation of the engine, which has been validated with experimental data obtained under steady-state and transient conditions. The DPF response has been simulated with a model able to deal with the characteristic highly pulsating flow upstream of the turbine. Several levels of DPF soot loading have been considered to represent fully the most exigent conditions in terms of performance requirements. As a result, the main physical phenomena controlling the engine and DPF response and interaction have been identified. Placing the DPF upstream of the turbine will lead to a number of important advantages, owing to the continuous regeneration mode at which the DPF will operate, the lower pressure drop in the DPF, and the thermal energy storage in the DPF, which is very useful to mitigate 'turbocharger lag' during engine transient operation. These three effects have been evidenced with calculations performed using the validated model and the results have been fully analysed and discussed.This work has been partially supported by the Spanish MCI grant DPI2010-20891-C02-02.Bermúdez, V.; Serrano Cruz, JR.; Piqueras, P.; García Afonso, Ó. (2011). Assessment by means of gas dynamic modelling of a pre-turbo diesel particulate filter configuration in a turbocharged HSDI diesel engine under full-load transient operation. PROCEEDINGS OF THE INSTITUTION OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERS PART D-JOURNAL OF AU. 225(9):1134-1155. https://doi.org/10.1177/0954407011402278S11341155225

Implementación del procedimiento acelerado de patentes (PPH) en Colombia. Análisis jurídico, técnico y efectos iniciales

Patent Prosecution Highway (PPH) are agreements between industrial property offices that allow an patent application, that has been granted in a first presentation office (OPP, for its initials in Spanish), to be able to follow an accelerated process in the second presentation office (OSP, for its initials in Spanish), achieving with this the recognition of the examination done by the OPP. Colombia signed its first PPH in 2012 and until September 2014 has signed a total of three agreements, with the United States Patents and Trademark Office (USPTO), Spain (OEPM) and Japan (JPO). The main goal of this paper is to contribute academically with the understanding of this mechanism, its advantages and disadvantages, based on the legal and technical analysis, and case studies. The analysis shows that the PPH reduces significantly the granting times of patents. However, in practice the advantage – at this time - is mainly for foreign applicants, there is no evidence of duplicity in the patentability examination due to the difference in the standards of each country, instead, it was observed the introduction of different criteria and patentability alignments from those expressed in the current normativity applicable in Colombia.Los Patent Prosecution Highway (PPH), o Procedimientos Acelerados de Patentes, son acuerdos entre oficinas de propiedad industrial que permiten que una solicitud de patente de invención que ha sido concedida en una oficina de primera presentación (OPP) pueda seguir un proceso de examen acelerado en la oficina de segunda presentación (OSP), logrando que se reconozca el examen realizado por la OPP. Colombia firmó su primer PPH en 2012, y hasta septiembre de 2014 había firmado tres acuerdos con las oficinas de patentes de Estados Unidos (USPTO), España (OEPM) y Japón (JPO). El objetivo de este artículo es contribuir al entendimiento de este mecanismo, de sus ventajas y desventajas, con base en análisis legales, técnicos y estudios de caso. El examen adelantado muestra que el PPH reduce considerablemente los tiempos de concesión de patentes y, en consecuencia, los costos para los solicitantes. Sin embargo, hasta el momento los principales beneficiarios son solicitantes extranjeros - en sentido estricto- no se evidencia duplicidad en los exámenes de patentabilidad, puesto que los estándares de cada país son diferentes, y en cambio se observa la introducción de criterios y lineamientos de patentabilidad diferentes a aquellos previstos por la normatividad aplicable en Colombia

Técnica de edición de genes CRISPR / CAS9. Retos jurídicos para su regulación y uso en Colombia

The gene editing technique CRISPR/Cas9 has appeared on the horizon and Colombian researchers are beginning to understand the technique and employ it. This article explains how the technology works and its field of applications, certain debates surrounding bioethical issues, a pending patent application and others considerations on its regulation according to the genetic material that is employed. The explanation mentioned above aims to provide an initial glance at the legal landscape of the use of this tool in Colombia. Regarding the pending patent application, it seeks to protect the gene editing system with variants of its basic elements and multiple uses; its study of patentability by the Colombian patent office is a challenge for the analysis of patentability exceptions that might apply. Moreover, the regulation on genetic manipulation in humans, including embryos is only permitted if modifications are performed for therapeutic or research purposes. Finally, it remains to be seen whether the traditional regulation of GMOS is applicable to plants, animals and microorganisms modified through this technique. The limitations of criminal patent law are evident, therefore the paper suggests the establishment of an integrate regulation.La técnica de edición de genes CRISPR/Cas9 ha aparecido en el horizonte y los investigadores colombianos están empezando a conocerla y utilizarla. Este artículo explica el funcionamiento de la tecnología y sus campos de aplicación, los debates bioéticos desarrollados alrededor de ésta, la solicitud de patente en trámite y algunas consideraciones sobre su regulación de acuerdo al material genético que sea empleado. Esto con el propósito de dar una primera mirada al panorama legal que tendría el uso de esta herramienta en Colombia. En lo referente a la solicitud de patente en trámite, esta busca proteger el sistema de edición de genes con variantes de sus elementos fundamentales y múltiples usos, su estudio de patentabilidad por parte de la oficina de patentes colombiana será un reto por el análisis de las excepciones de patentabilidad que se aplican. De otra parte, la regulación sobre manipulación genética en humanos, incluyendo embriones, solo está permitida si las modificaciones son realizadas con fines terapéuticos o de investigación. Finalmente, está por definir si la regulación tradicional de OGM es aplicable a plantas, animales y microorganismos modificados por esta técnica. Se muestran las limitaciones del derecho penal y derecho de patentes y se sugiere establecer una regulación integral próximamente

Influencia de las TIC en el aprendizaje de la Ingeniería Gráfica

La incorporación de herramientas de modelado 3D geométrico de tipo paramétrico en Ingeniería Gráfica como consecuencia de la implantación del Espacio Europeo de Educación Superior supone un replanteamiento de los contenidos teóricos y prácticos del área. Se producen mejoras notables en la enseñanza de la geometría del espacio, se incorporan nuevas actividades dentro y fuera del aula y se ponen en práctica nuevos modelos de enseñanza-aprendizaje. En este trabajo se expone la influencia sobre el aprendizaje de las Tecnologías de la Información y la Comunicación en los nuevos planes de estudio de la asignatura Expresión Gráfica y Diseño Asistido por Ordenador que se imparte en los grados de ingeniería de la Escola Universitaria d’Enginyería Tècnica Industrial de Barcelona, de la Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya•BarcelonaTech. Las ventajas que suponen las mejoras en la visualización de modelos y la comprensión de enunciados y soluciones, permiten reducir el tiempo en las exposiciones teóricas. Las sesiones expositivas/magistrales, tradicionalmente imprescindibles en la docencia de los sistemas de representación y los métodos de trazado bidimensional, quedan parcialmente relegadas en favor de un aumento de las prácticas de Diseño Asistido por Ordenador. Los resultados ponen de relieve que la incorporación de las TIC ha permitido mejorar notablemente los resultados académicos y la satisfacción del alumnado con la asignatura.Postprint (published version