Powerhouse Kjørbo. Evaluation of construction process and early use phase

The financial system is a complex part of every country which governs its entire economic operations. It is comprised of many different units which are often intertwined. Financial institutions are a part of the financial system. They are companies that offer different financial services to their users. They purchase financial claims from deficient spending units and sell them with different characteristics to surplus spending units. Some of them include: commercial banks, mutual funds, private pension funds, life insurance companies, money market funds, governmentsponsored enterprises, government pension funds, finance companies, casualty insurance companies, savings institutions and credit unions. After the Croatian independence there has been a rapid development of the financial market and financial institutions. However, the economic crisis which happened in 2007 affected Croatia as well, and we have experienced a massive fall in liquidity and decline of the capital market. Today we have many different financial institutions in Croatia, however, there are still many areas which need improvements. The Croatian banking system is still dominant compared to the private sector, and in the future we need to improve the efficiency of the capital market, cooperation on the global and national level, remove restrictions and further adapt to EU standards. Croatian financial institutions are regulated by the Croatian National Bank, the Croatian Financial Services Supervisory Agency (HANFA) and the Ministry of Finance

PENGARUH PEMBANGUNAN BANDARA INTERNASIONAL JAWA BARAT (BIJB) DAN KERTAJATI AEROCITY TERHADAP HARGA LAHAN DI KAWASAN BANDARA KABUPATEN MAJALENGKA

Kabupaten Majalengka merupakan salah satu kabupaten di Provinsi Jawa Barat yang sedang mengalamai pembangunan. Rencana Tata Ruang Wilayah Kabupaten Majalengka tahun 2011 menyebutkanbahwa, akan dibangun Bandara Internasional Jawa Barat (BIJB) dan Kertajati Aerocity, yang dibangun di Kabupaten Majalengka bagian Utara, yaitu lebih tepatnya di Kecamatan Kertajati yang dibanguan di 5 desa yaitu, Desa Kertajati, Kertasari, Bantarjati, Sukakerta, dan Sukamulya. Adanya pembangunan dua mega proyek tersebut menyebabkan permintaan lahan untuk kegiatan non pertanian menjadi meningkat. Selain Kecamatan Kertajati yang mengalami pembangunan, dua kecamatan lainnya yang menjadi wilayah pendukung adanya bandara mengalami perubahan dan permintaan lahan non pertanian yang meningkat yaitu, Kecamatan Jatitujuh dan Kecamatan Ligung. Sehubungan dengan fenomena ini memberikan dampak perkembangan harga lahan dengan faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhinya. Rumusan penelitian ini adalah: 1) bagaimanakah rencana pola tata ruang di Kawasan Bandara? 2) Bagaimanakah pola perkembangan harga lahan di Kawasan Bandara? 3) Faktor dominan apakah yang mempengaruhi perkembangan harga lahan di Kawasan Bandara?. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode desktiptif. Jumlah sampel manusia sebanyak 100 kepala keluarga dengan sampel wilayahnya tiga kecamatan yaitu, Kertajati, Jatitujuh, dan Ligung. Teknik pengolahan datanya adalah, analisis desktiptif, presentase (%), dan regresi linier berganda. Berdasarkan RTRW Kabupaten Majalengka, lahan yang dibutuhkan untuk kedua mega proyek tersebut seluas 5.000 Ha, untuk bandara seluas 1.800 Ha dan untuk aerocity seluas 3.200 Ha. Peruntukan wilayah untuk pembangunan tersebut adalah, kawasan bandara dan aerocity yaitu di Kecamatan Kaertajati, untuk kawasn perumahan dan jasa yaitu di Kecamatan Jatitujuh, dan untuk kawasan industri yaitu di Kecamatan Ligung. Wilayah yang mengalami perkembangan yang signifikan adalah Kecamatan Jatitujuh dengan pola perkembangannya mengikuti kebijakan pemerintah yaitu, peruntukan wilayah, jarak, aksesibilitas, dan penggunaan lahan. Faktor yang mempengaruhi perkembangan harga lahan adalah, jarak, lokasi, matapencaharian, kepadatan penduduk, penggunaan lahan, aksesibilitas, dan kebijakan pemrintah, dengan jumlah pengaruhnya adalah sebanyak 52,9%. Sedangkan faktor yang paling mempengaruhi perkembangan harga lahan di Kawasan Bandara adalah kebijakan pemerintah yang bernilai 0,439 nilai tingkatannya ketika variabel lain konstan. ---------- Majalengka Regency is one of regencies in West Java province that are experiencing development. According to the Spatial Plan (RTRW) Majalengka district in 2011 that will be constructed International Airport West Java (BIJB) and Kertajati Aerocity, which was built in Majalengka northern part, which is in District Kertajati built in five villages, namely, Village Kertajati, Kertasari , Bantarjati, Sukakerta, and Sukamulya. The construction of two mega projects led to demand for land for non-agricultural activities be increased. In addition to experiencing the District Kertajati development, two other districts, an area supporting the airports are changing and demand for non-agricultural land increased, namely, District and Sub-district Jatitujuh Ligung. In connection with this phenomenon impact on the price development of land with the factors that influence it. The purpose of this study are: 1) how the spatial patterns in the plan service area? 2) How does the pattern of land price developments in the area of service? 3) The dominant factors that influence the development of the price of land in the airport area ?. The method used in this research is descriptive method. Number of human samples as many as 100 families to sample the region three districts namely, Kertajati, Jatitujuh, and Ligung. Data processing techniques are, descriptive analysis, the percentage (%), and multiple linear regression. Based Spatial Majalengka district, land needed for the mega project of 5,000 hectares, covering an area of 1,800 hectares for the airport and for Aerocity an area of 3,200 Ha. The development designation for the region is, the area of the airport and Aerocity which is in District Kaertajati, housing and services for the region which is in District Jatitujuh, and to the industrial area which is in District Ligung. Areas experiencing significant development is the District Jatitujuh development, 56 times more than the previous price, the pattern of development following the government policy, namely, the designation of the area, distance, accessibility, and use of land. Factors affecting the development of the price of land is, distance, location, livelihoods, population density, land use, accessibility, and government policies, the number of its influence is as much as 52.9%. While the factors that most influence the development of the price of land in the airport area is government policy that is worth 0.439 level value when the other variables constant

Multicritical Points and Crossover Mediating the Strong Violation of Universality: Wang-Landau Determinations in the Random-Bond d=2d=2 Blume-Capel model

The effects of bond randomness on the phase diagram and critical behavior of the square lattice ferromagnetic Blume-Capel model are discussed. The system is studied in both the pure and disordered versions by the same efficient two-stage Wang-Landau method for many values of the crystal field, restricted here in the second-order phase transition regime of the pure model. For the random-bond version several disorder strengths are considered. We present phase diagram points of both pure and random versions and for a particular disorder strength we locate the emergence of the enhancement of ferromagnetic order observed in an earlier study in the ex-first-order regime. The critical properties of the pure model are contrasted and compared to those of the random model. Accepting, for the weak random version, the assumption of the double logarithmic scenario for the specific heat we attempt to estimate the range of universality between the pure and random-bond models. The behavior of the strong disorder regime is also discussed and a rather complex and yet not fully understood behavior is observed. It is pointed out that this complexity is related to the ground-state structure of the random-bond version.Comment: 12 pages, 11 figures, submitted for publicatio

Potts-Percolation-Gauss Model of a Solid

We study a statistical mechanics model of a solid. Neighboring atoms are connected by Hookian springs. If the energy is larger than a threshold the "spring" is more likely to fail, while if the energy is lower than the threshold the spring is more likely to be alive. The phase diagram and thermodynamic quantities, such as free energy, numbers of bonds and clusters, and their fluctuations, are determined using renormalization-group and Monte-Carlo techniques.Comment: 10 pages, 12 figure

Exact solution of mean geodesic distance for Vicsek fractals

The Vicsek fractals are one of the most interesting classes of fractals and the study of their structural properties is important. In this paper, the exact formula for the mean geodesic distance of Vicsek fractals is found. The quantity is computed precisely through the recurrence relations derived from the self-similar structure of the fractals considered. The obtained exact solution exhibits that the mean geodesic distance approximately increases as an exponential function of the number of nodes, with the exponent equal to the reciprocal of the fractal dimension. The closed-form solution is confirmed by extensive numerical calculations.Comment: 4 pages, 3 figure

Strong Violation of Critical Phenomena Universality: Wang-Landau Study of the 2d Blume-Capel Model under Bond Randomness

We study the pure and random-bond versions of the square lattice ferromagnetic Blume-Capel model, in both the first-order and second-order phase transition regimes of the pure model. Phase transition temperatures, thermal and magnetic critical exponents are determined for lattice sizes in the range L=20-100 via a sophisticated two-stage numerical strategy of entropic sampling in dominant energy subspaces, using mainly the Wang-Landau algorithm. The second-order phase transition, emerging under random bonds from the second-order regime of the pure model, has the same values of critical exponents as the 2d Ising universality class, with the effect of the bond disorder on the specific heat being well described by double-logarithmic corrections, our findings thus supporting the marginal irrelevance of quenched bond randomness. On the other hand, the second-order transition, emerging under bond randomness from the first-order regime of the pure model, has a distinctive universality class with \nu=1.30(6) and \beta/\nu=0.128(5). This amounts to a strong violation of the universality principle of critical phenomena, since these two second-order transitions, with different sets of critical exponents, are between the same ferromagnetic and paramagnetic phases. Furthermore, the latter of these two transitions supports an extensive but weak universality, since it has the same magnetic critical exponent (but a different thermal critical exponent) as a wide variety of two-dimensional systems. In the conversion by bond randomness of the first-order transition of the pure system to second order, we detect, by introducing and evaluating connectivity spin densities, a microsegregation that also explains the increase we find in the phase transition temperature under bond randomness.Comment: Added discussion and references. 10 pages, 6 figures. Published versio

Hierarchical pinning models, quadratic maps and quenched disorder

We consider a hierarchical model of polymer pinning in presence of quenched disorder, introduced by B. Derrida, V. Hakim and J. Vannimenius in 1992, which can be re-interpreted as an infinite dimensional dynamical system with random initial condition (the disorder). It is defined through a recurrence relation for the law of a random variable {R_n}_{n=1,2,...}, which in absence of disorder (i.e., when the initial condition is degenerate) reduces to a particular case of the well-known Logistic Map. The large-n limit of the sequence of random variables 2^{-n} log R_n, a non-random quantity which is naturally interpreted as a free energy, plays a central role in our analysis. The model depends on a parameter alpha>0, related to the geometry of the hierarchical lattice, and has a phase transition in the sense that the free energy is positive if the expectation of R_0 is larger than a certain threshold value, and it is zero otherwise. It was conjectured by Derrida et al. (1992) that disorder is relevant (respectively, irrelevant or marginally relevant) if 1/2<alpha<1 (respectively, alpha<1/2 or alpha=1/2), in the sense that an arbitrarily small amount of randomness in the initial condition modifies the critical point with respect to that of the pure (i.e., non-disordered) model if alpha is larger or equal to 1/2, but not if alpha is smaller than 1/2. Our main result is a proof of these conjectures for the case alpha different from 1/2. We emphasize that for alpha>1/2 we find the correct scaling form (for weak disorder) of the critical point shift.Comment: 26 pages, 2 figures. v3: Theorem 1.6 improved. To appear on Probab. Theory Rel. Field

The Critical Properties of Two-dimensional Oscillator Arrays

We present a renormalization group study of two dimensional arrays of oscillators, with dissipative, short range interactions. We consider the case of non-identical oscillators, with distributed intrinsic frequencies within the array and study the steady-state properties of the system. In two dimensions no macroscopic mutual entrainment is found but, for identical oscillators, critical behavior of the Berezinskii-Kosterlitz-Thouless type is shown to be present. We then discuss the stability of (BKT) order in the physical case of distributed quenched random frequencies. In order to do that, we show how the steady-state dynamical properties of the two dimensional array of non-identical oscillators are related to the equilibrium properties of the XY model with quenched randomness, that has been already studied in the past. We propose a novel set of recursion relations to study this system within the Migdal Kadanoff renormalization group scheme, by mean of the discrete clock-state formulation. We compute the phase diagram in the presence of random dissipative coupling, at finite values of the clock state parameter. Possible experimental applications in two dimensional arrays of microelectromechanical oscillators are briefly suggested.Comment: Contribution to the conference "Viewing the World through Spin Glasses" in honour of Professor David Sherrington on the occasion of his 65th birthda

Critical Dynamics of the Contact Process with Quenched Disorder

We study critical spreading dynamics in the two-dimensional contact process (CP) with quenched disorder in the form of random dilution. In the pure model, spreading from a single particle at the critical point $\lambda_c$ is characterized by the critical exponents of directed percolation: in $2+1$ dimensions, $\delta = 0.46$, $\eta = 0.214$, and $z = 1.13$. Disorder causes a dramatic change in the critical exponents, to $\delta \simeq 0.60$, $\eta \simeq -0.42$, and $z \simeq 0.24$. These exponents govern spreading following a long crossover period. The usual hyperscaling relation, $4 \delta + 2 \eta = d z$, is violated. Our results support the conjecture by Bramson, Durrett, and Schonmann [Ann. Prob. {\bf 19}, 960 (1991)], that in two or more dimensions the disordered CP has only a single phase transition.Comment: 11 pages, REVTeX, four figures available on reques