Study protocol: a multi-professional team intervention of physical activity referrals in primary care patients with cardiovascular risk factors-the Dalby lifestyle intervention cohort (DALICO) study

Background: The present study protocol describes the trial design of a primary care intervention cohort study, which examines whether an extended, multi-professional physical activity referral (PAR) intervention is more effective in enhancing and maintaining self-reported physical activity than physical activity prescription in usual care. The study targets patients with newly diagnosed hypertension and/or type 2 diabetes. Secondary outcomes include: need of pharmacological therapy; blood pressure/plasma glucose; physical fitness and anthropometric variables; mental health; health related quality of life; and cost-effectiveness. Methods/Design: The study is designed as a long term intervention. Three primary care centres are involved in the study, each constituting one of three treatment groups: 1) Intervention group (IG): multi-professional team intervention with PAR, 2) Control group A (CA): physical activity prescription in usual care and 3) Control group B: treatment as usual (retrospective data collection). The intervention is based on self-determination theory and follows the principles of motivational interviewing. The primary outcome, physical activity, is measured with the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) and expressed as metabolic equivalent of task (MET)-minutes per week. Physical fitness is estimated with the 6-minute walk test in IG only. Variables such as health behaviours; health-related quality of life; motivation to change; mental health; demographics and socioeconomic characteristics are assessed with an electronic study questionnaire that submits all data to a patient database, which automatically provides feed-back to the health-care providers on the patients' health status. Cost-effectiveness of the intervention is evaluated continuously and the intermediate outcomes of the intervention are extrapolated by economic modelling. Discussions: By helping patients to overcome practical, social and cultural obstacles and increase their internal motivation for physical activity we aim to improve their physical health in a long- term perspective. The targeted patients belong to a patient category that is supposed to benefit from increased physical activity in terms of improved physiological values, mental status and quality of life, decreased risk of complications and maybe a decreased need of medication

Säkerheten inom skolans kemiundervisning

Med detta arbete vill jag undersöka kemilärares attityder till säkerheten gällande kemilaborationer. Jag vill få en inblick i hur arbetet fungerar i praktiken och vilka faktorer som har betydelse för säkerheten. För att studera lärarnas inställningar valde jag att utföra semistrukturerade intervjuer med hjälp av färdiga frågor. Denna metod ger möjlighet att med hjälp av följdfrågor få en rättvis bild av lärarnas åsikter samtidigt som det ger bra underlag för att jämföra mellan lärarna. Under laborationstid känner sig alla lärare ansvariga för säkerheten och har utarbetade säkerhetsrutiner. Lärarnas individuella inställningar till säkerhetsarbetet verkar vara beroende av hur mycket skolan de arbetar på har satsat på säkerhetsarbete. Erfarenhet och ämneskunskaper ger läraren trygghet i sin undervisning och stökiga elever kan ge en otrygg miljö både för lärare och elever. Oavsett hur säkerheten fungerar på skolorna så kände alla informanterna ett behov av tydliga och lättillgängliga regler och instruktioner till undervisande kemilärare. De skulle speciellt behövas vid nyanställningar. Från detta kan man dra slutsatsen att skolornas kemilärare över lag behöver veta vad som gäller på respektive skola samt de regler som gäller regionalt. En enkel lösning till detta är att ha ett häfte som delas ut till kemilärarna vid anställning.With this thesis I intend to examine chemistry teachers’ attitudes towards safety concerning laboratory experiments within the subject. I want to get an insight in how laboratory experiments work in practice and what factors matter concerning safety. In order to study teachers’ attitudes I chose to implement semi structured interviews with ready made questions. This method gives the opportunity to, with the aid of resulting questions, receive a fair view of teachers’ opinions and at the same time it yields a good basis for comparison between the teachers. During laboratory experiments teachers feel responsible for safety and have safety routines worked out. Teachers’ individual attitudes towards safety seem to be dependent on how much the school in which they work prioritize safety. Experience and knowledge within the subject gives the teacher security in their teaching and unruly students can give both teacher and student an unsafe environment. But no matter how safety worked at the individual schools all informants felt a need of a legible and accessible rules and instructions for the chemistry teachers in their work. This was especially considered a necessity for newly employed teachers. From this we can draw the conclusion that schools’ chemistry teachers over all need to know what is common practise at their respective schools as well as what rules and regulations are regionally pertained

How Teachers and Principals Enact the Policy of Building Education in Sweden on a Scientific Foundation and Proven Experience : Challenges and Opportunities

In 2010, Sweden was the first country in the world to introduce a legal requirement that education should be research-based, placing huge demands on schools. The study’s aim is to explore how, through sensemaking, teachers and principals enact this policy in schools. In total, 272 teachers and 23 principals from pre-schools, leisure-time centers, compulsory schools, and upper secondary schools completed a questionnaire. The findings show the need for understanding central policy concepts, alignment with previous experiences, and a social context within which the policy can be understood, negotiated, and enacted. Policy enactment was dependent on the support given – professional development, time, and financial resources. Teachers and principals have so far experienced challenges and opportunities – a rewarding if complex process.Validerad;2021;Nivå 2;2021-04-13 (alebob)</p

Star Wars : the battle for IT-workforce continues

Sammanfattning Titel: Stjärnornas krig – kampen om IT-kompetensen fortsätter Författare: Kristina Bergmark och Elias Öman Handledare: Agneta Hugemark Lärosäte: Uppsala Universitet Datum: 2013-06-04 Syfte: Uppsatsens syfte är att ge en ökad insyn i vad som uppfattas som attraktivt hos en arbetsgivare av arbetskraft med IT-kompetens som arbetar inom organisationen 3. Uppsatsen ämnar också ge insyn i vilka krav och normer denna arbetskraft tvingas underkasta sig till följd av sitt medlemskap i denna organisation. Metod: Datainsamlingen skedde genom kvalitativa semistrukturerade intervjuer. Intervjuerna genomfördes med 6 anställda på företagets 3:s IT-avdelning och 2 HR-anställda inom organisationen. Materialet analyserades och diskuterades utifrån de teoretiska begreppen kollektiva resurser och zone of indifference. Den tidigare forskning som behandlades fokuserade i huvudsak på motivation hos arbetskraft med IT-kompetens samt personalstyrning genom identitetsskapande. Resultat/slutsats: Det som uppfattades som attraktivt av denna typ av personer med IT- kompetens som arbetade inom organisationen 3 var autonomi, hög grad av eget ansvar, utvecklingsmöjligheter, en icke hierarkisk arbetsmiljö, återkoppling och feedback, föränderlighet och flexibilitet. Gällande krav och normer fann vi att man var tvungen att vara starkt engagerad, effektiv, konstant sträva efter sin egen och företagets utveckling och alltid vara en ”utmanare” i branschen. Nyckelord: Sociologi, zone of indifference, kollektiva resurser, IT, krav, mak

The role of leaders in fostering civic engagement and student voice activities : tales from a democratic school

This symposium examines the question: how can school leaders can foster civic engagement practice throughout the school? The papers examine aspects of this theme within one elementary school: the (perhaps inherent) dilemmas of being a democratic leader, the contexts and conditions that impact the promotion of civic-efficacy in children, the relationship between civic engagement and inquiry-based practices, and the way in which teachers “sense-make” of their leader’s civic-based initiatives. In a time when schools face constant pressure to narrow the focus on test scores, the papers provide important lessons on how leaders can maintain a vision of civic education despite these strong external pressures.Godkänd; 2011; 20111205 (ulrber

Study protocol: a multi-professional team intervention of physical activity referrals in primary care patients with cardiovascular risk factors—the Dalby lifestyle intervention cohort (DALICO) study

Abstract Background The present study protocol describes the trial design of a primary care intervention cohort study, which examines whether an extended, multi-professional physical activity referral (PAR) intervention is more effective in enhancing and maintaining self-reported physical activity than physical activity prescription in usual care. The study targets patients with newly diagnosed hypertension and/or type 2 diabetes. Secondary outcomes include: need of pharmacological therapy; blood pressure/plasma glucose; physical fitness and anthropometric variables; mental health; health related quality of life; and cost-effectiveness. Methods/Design The study is designed as a long-term intervention. Three primary care centres are involved in the study, each constituting one of three treatment groups: 1) Intervention group (IG): multi-professional team intervention with PAR, 2) Control group A (CA): physical activity prescription in usual care and 3) Control group B: treatment as usual (retrospective data collection). The intervention is based on self-determination theory and follows the principles of motivational interviewing. The primary outcome, physical activity, is measured with the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) and expressed as metabolic equivalent of task (MET)-minutes per week. Physical fitness is estimated with the 6-minute walk test in IG only. Variables such as health behaviours; health-related quality of life; motivation to change; mental health; demographics and socioeconomic characteristics are assessed with an electronic study questionnaire that submits all data to a patient database, which automatically provides feed-back to the health-care providers on the patients’ health status. Cost-effectiveness of the intervention is evaluated continuously and the intermediate outcomes of the intervention are extrapolated by economic modelling. Discussions By helping patients to overcome practical, social and cultural obstacles and increase their internal motivation for physical activity we aim to improve their physical health in a long-term perspective. The targeted patients belong to a patient category that is supposed to benefit from increased physical activity in terms of improved physiological values, mental status and quality of life, decreased risk of complications and maybe a decreased need of medication.</p