1,594 research outputs found
D3-D5 Holography with Flux
It is shown that the Berezinski-Kosterlitz-Thouless phase transition that has
been found in D3-D5 brane systems with nonzero magnetic field and charge
density can also be found by tuning an extra-dimensional magnetic flux. We find
numerical solutions for the probe D5-brane embedding and discuss properties of
the solutions. We also demonstrate that the nontrivial embeddings include those
which can be regarded as spontaneously breaking chiral symmetry
Quark mass and condensate in HQCD
We extend the Sakai-Sugimoto holographic model of QCD (HQCD) by including the
scalar bi-fundamental "tachyon" field in the 8-brane-anti-8-brane probe theory.
We show that this field is responsible both for the spontaneous breaking of the
chiral symmetry, and for the generation of (current algebra) quark masses, from
the point of view of the bulk theory. As a by-product we show how this leads to
the Gell-Mann- Oakes-Renner relation for the pion mass.Comment: 23 pages, 7 figures; v2: corrected typos in eqs. (4.3), (4.4), (4.5),
(4.9) and (4.11), and corrected figures 3, 4, 5 and 6; v3: section 5.3 on the
pion mass rewritten in a clearer way, version published in JHE
Instantons at Strong Coupling, Averaging over Vacua, and the Gluino Condensate
We consider instanton contributions to chiral correlators, such as <0| Tr
\lambda^2 (x) Tr \lambda^2(x') |0>, in N=1 supersymmetric Yang-Mills theory
with either light adjoint or fundamental matter. Within the former model,
extraction of the gluino condensate from a connected 1-instanton diagram,
evaluated at strong coupling, can be contrasted with expectations from the
Seiberg-Witten solution perturbed to an N=1 vacuum. We observe a numerical
discrepancy, coinciding with that observed previously in N=1 SQCD. Moreover,
since knowledge of the vacuum structure is complete for softly broken N=2
Yang-Mills, this model serves as a counterexample to the hypothesis of Amati et
al. that 1-instanton calculations at strong coupling can be interpreted as
averaging over vacua. Within N=1 SQCD, we point out that the connected
contribution to the relevant correlators actually vanishes in the weakly
coupled Higgs phase, despite having a nonzero value through infra-red effects
when calculated in the unbroken phase.Comment: 20 pages, LaTeX; minor additions, to appear in Nucl. Phys.
The Role of Slow Slip Events in the Cascadia Subduction Zone Earthquake Cycle
Slow slip events (SSEs) detected on the Cascadia Subduction Zone interface at 30–50 km depth imply a release of accumulated strain. However, studies of interseismic deformation in Cascadia typically find coupling on the upper 30 km of the interface, which is generally accepted as defining the seismogenic zone. Estimates of coupling using net interseismic velocities (including SSE effects) and restricting coupling to the shallow interface may underestimate slip deficit accumulation at depths \u3e30 km. Here, we detect reversals in GPS motion as indications of SSEs, then use SSE displacements to estimate cumulative slow slip from 2007 to 2021. We calculate pure interseismic velocities, correcting for SSE displacements, and use them to constrain an elastic block model, estimating slip deficit on the subduction interface down to 50 km. By evaluating slip deficit and slow slip independently, we examine SSEs’ effect on interseismic strain accumulation, and the effect of inter-SSE slip deficit and slow slip on vertical deformation of the forearc. We find that moderate to high coupling extends to 40 km depth, and while shallow coupling is consistent with previous estimates of the seismogenic zone, a deeper region of slip deficit beneath the Olympic Peninsula may be partially (61%) relieved aseismically by SSEs. Patterns of surface uplift suggest that complete relief of deep coupling over multiple decades may be accomplished by time-varying rates of aseismic slip
Symmetry Algebras of Large-N Matrix Models for Open Strings
We have discovered that the gauge invariant observables of matrix models
invariant under U() form a Lie algebra, in the planar large-N limit. These
models include Quantum Chromodynamics and the M(atrix)-Theory of strings. We
study here the gauge invariant states corresponding to open strings (`mesons').
We find that the algebra is an extension of a remarkable new Lie algebra by a product of more well-known algebras such as
and the Cuntz algebra. appears to be a generalization of
the Lie algebra of vector fields on the circle to non-commutative geometry. We
also use a representation of our Lie algebra to establish an isomorphism
between certain matrix models (those that preserve `gluon number') and open
quantum spin chains. Using known results on quantum spin chains, we are able to
identify some exactly solvable matrix models. Finally, the Hamiltonian of a
dimensionally reduced QCD model is expressed explicitly as an element of our
Lie algebra.Comment: 44 pages, 8 eps figures, 3 tables, LaTeX2.09; this is the published
versio
A Review of Symmetry Algebras of Quantum Matrix Models in the Large-N Limit
This is a review article in which we will introduce, in a unifying fashion
and with more intermediate steps in some difficult calculations, two
infinite-dimensional Lie algebras of quantum matrix models, one for the open
string sector and one for the closed string sector. Physical observables of
quantum matrix models in the large-N limit can be expressed as elements of
these Lie algebras. We will see that both algebras arise as quotient algebras
of a larger Lie algebra. We will also discuss some properties of these Lie
algebras not published elsewhere yet, and briefly review their relationship
with well-known algebras like the Cuntz algebra, the Witt algebra and the
Virasoro algebra. We will also review how Yang--Mills theory, various low
energy effective models of string theory, quantum gravity, string-bit models,
and quantum spin chain models can be formulated as quantum matrix models.
Studying these algebras thus help us understand the common symmetry of these
physical systems.Comment: 77 pages, 21 eps figures, 1 table, LaTeX2.09; an invited review
articl
The Baryonic Phase in Holographic Descriptions of the QCD Phase Diagram
We study holographic models of the QCD temperature-chemical potential phase
diagram based on the D3/D7 system with chiral symmetry breaking. The baryonic
phase may be included through linked D5-D7 systems. In a previous analysis of a
model with a running gauge coupling a baryonic phase was shown to exist to
arbitrarily large chemical potential. Here we explore this phase in a more
generic phenomenological setting with a step function dilaton profile. The
change in dilaton generates a linear confining potential and opposes
the screening effect of temperature. We show that the persistence of the
baryonic phase depends on the step size and that QCD-like phase diagrams can be
described. The baryonic phase's existence is qualitatively linked to the
existence of confinement in Wilson loop computations in the background.Comment: 21 pages, 7 figure
Chiral Dynamics and Meson with Non-commutative Dipole Field in Gauge/Gravity Dual
Apply the T-duality and smeared twist to the D3-brane solution one can
construct the supergravity backgrounds which may dual to supersymmetric or
non-supersymmetric non-commutative dipole field theory. We introduce D7-brane
probe into the dual supergravity background to study the chiral dynamics and
meson spectrum therein. We first find that the non-commutative dipole field
does not induce the chiral symmetry breaking even if the supersymmetry was
completely broken, contrast to the conventional believing that the chiral
symmetry will be broken in the non-supersymmetric theory. Next, we find that
the dipole field does not modify the meson spectrum in the supersymmetric
theory while it will reduce the meson bound-state energy in the
non-supersymmetric theory. We also evaluate the static quark anti-quark
potential and see that the dipole field has an effect to produce attractive
force between the quark and anti-quark.Comment: Latex 12 pages, typos corrected, detail several point
Holographic DC conductivities from the open string metric
We study the DC conductivities of various holographic models using the open
string metric (OSM), which is an effective metric geometrizing density and
electromagnetic field effect. We propose a new way to compute the nonlinear
conductivity using OSM. As far as the final conductivity formula is concerned,
it is equivalent to the Karch-O'Bannon's real-action method. However, it yields
a geometrical insight and technical simplifications. Especially, a real-action
condition is interpreted as a regular geometry condition of OSM. As
applications of the OSM method, we study several holographic models on the
quantum Hall effect and strange metal. By comparing a Lifshitz background and
the Light-Cone AdS, we show how an extra parameter can change the temperature
scaling behavior of conductivity. Finally we discuss how OSM can be used to
study other transport coefficients, such as diffusion constant, and effective
temperature induced by the effective world volume horizon.Comment: 33 page
Chiral Symmetry Breaking and External Fields in the Kuperstein-Sonnenschein Model
A novel holographic model of chiral symmetry breaking has been proposed by
Kuperstein and Sonnenschein by embedding non-supersymmetric probe D7 and
anti-D7 branes in the Klebanov-Witten background. We study the dynamics of the
probe flavours in this model in the presence of finite temperature and a
constant electromagnetic field. In keeping with the weakly coupled field theory
intuition, we find the magnetic field promotes spontaneous breaking of chiral
symmetry whereas the electric field restores it. The former effect is
universally known as the "magnetic catalysis" in chiral symmetry breaking. In
the presence of an electric field such a condensation is inhibited and a
current flows. Thus we are faced with a steady-state situation rather than a
system in equilibrium. We conjecture a definition of thermodynamic free energy
for this steady-state phase and using this proposal we study the detailed phase
structure when both electric and magnetic fields are present in two
representative configurations: mutually perpendicular and parallel.Comment: 50 pages, multiple figures, minor typo fixed, references adde
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