Aerial Geoarchaeological Survey in the Valleys of the Mureş and Arieş Rivers (2009-2013)

The paper presents the most important results of the Romanian–Hungarian aerial archaeological project, i.e.the intensive topographic research of the Middle Mureş Valley. Situated between the mountains, in the widen-ing valley section various aged/high terraces were formed, providing proper conditions for human habitats.Beside the already documented stone buildings from the Roman period, observed due to the negative cropmarks – especially in 2013 – positive crop marks of settlements datable before and after the Roman periodwere observed in large variety. The simultaneous examination of the geomorphological conditions underlinedsignificant differences between the prehistoric and Roman strategies of settlement establishment

Sources of psychoanalysis and psychoterapy of childhood

Psihoanalitički pristup i psihoterapija dječje dobi zasebne su grane psihijatrije, sa dubokim izvoriš­ tima u psihoanalizi. Medicinska teorija i praksa je dovela do pojave mnogih pravaca i teorija u dječjoj psihoanalizi, koji tumače uzroke psihičkih poremećaja u djece, a time i u odraslih. Autor daje kratak pregled i komentar nekih smjerova u razvoju dječje psihoanalize i psihoterapije. Od velikog broja teorija i ogranaka, te između mnogih mogućnosti koje psihoterapeut u svojem radu ima, najbolje je orijentirati se prema vlastitom afinitetu i iskustvu, a na temelju detaljnijeg proučavanja teorija ponaosob.Psychoanalitical approach and psychotherapy of childhood are specific subdivisions of psychiatry, both deep-rooted in psychoanalysis. Medical theory and practice developed many trends and theories in psychoanalysis of children, all of them explaining sources of psychical disorders of children as well as grown-ups. In this review the short survey and comment to some of main theories developed in psychoanalysis and psychotherapy is given. Between a large number of theories and branches, such as between many possibilities given to psychotherapist in his practice, the best decision is to follow one’s own affinities and experiences, based on minute studying of each theory separately

Liver plasma membrane lipid coposition in Sprague Dawley female rats fed with fatty and sweet food and treated with metformin or liraglutide

Cilj istraživanja: Ekstrahirati i okarakterizirati gangliozide (lipide) stanične membrane hepatocita i proučiti njihovu ulogu u patogenezi inzulinske rezistencije kod predijabetičnih ženki štakora. Na istim životinjama procijeniti učinkovitost uobičajene antidijabetske terapije u održavanju fiziološkog omjera gangliozida u staničnim membranama. Nacrt studije: Istraživanje je provedeno kao studija parova. Materijali i metode: Prikupljeno je 27 uzoraka tkiva jetre iz 4 skupine ženki Sprague Dawley štakora hranjenih standardnom ili HFHS dijetom te tretiranih metforminom odnosno liraglutidom. Uzorci su obrađeni modificiranom metodom po Schnaaru kojom se pomoću različitih organskih otapala ekstrahiraju gangliozidi iz jetrenog tkiva. Iz svake skupine nasumično su odabrana tri uzorka. Za kvalitativnu analizu gangliozida korištena je modificirana metoda tankoslojne kromatografije po Schnaaru i Needhamu. Gangliozidi su vizualizirani prskanjem HPTLC pločice rezorcinolom, fotografirani i kvantificirani programom ImageJ. Rezultati i zaključak: Moguće je da masna i slatka hrana utječe na povećanje ekspresije jednostavne forme gangliozida GM3 i time dovodi do promjene omjera gangliozida staničnih membrana hepatocita. Antidijabetici metformin i liraglutid nemaju značajan učinak u održavanju fiziološkog omjera tih gangliozida u ženskoj populaciji.Objectives: The aim of this study was to extract and differentiate hepatocyte cell membrane gangliosides (lipids) and study their role in the pathogenesis of insulin resistance in prediabetic female rats. By observing the same animals, the effectiveness of the most frequently used antidiabetic therapy was evaluated in maintaining the physiological ganglioside ratio in cell membranes. Study design: The study was conducted as a matched pair study. Material and methods: 27 liver tissue samples were collected from 4 groups of Sprague Dawley female rats fed with regular or HFHS diet and treated with metformin or liraglutide. The samples were processed following a modified Schnaar method which involves using various organic solvents to extract gangliosides from the liver tissue. Three samples were randomly selected from each group. A thin layer chromatography method modified by Schnaar and Needham was used for the qualitative analysis of gangliosides. They were then visualized by spraying HPTLC plates with resorcinol, photographed and quantified using a computer program ImageJ. Results and conclusion: It is possible that high-fat and high-sugar diet increases the expression of a simple form of ganglioside GM3 and hence leads to a change in the hepatic cell membrane ganglioside ratio. Antidiabetic drugs metformin and liraglutide do not have a significant effect on maintaining the physiological proportion of these gangliosides in the female population

Secondary bifurcation of a shearable rod on nonlinear elastic foundation

Predmet istraživanja je poslekritično ponašanje elastičnog štapa oslonjenog na nelinearnu elastičnu podlogu. Pri tome je naročito posvećena pažnja ispitivanju sekundarnih bifurkacija. Konstitutivne jednačine štapa uzimaju u obzir efekat smicanja. Za analizu bifurkacija koristi se metoda LJapunov-Šmita. Za kritične vrednosti pomoćnog bifurkacionog parametra izabrane su vrednosti za koje se pojavljuju dvostruke sopstvene vrednosti. Kao posledica, izvedene su dve bifurkacione jednačine. Ove jednačine opisuju poslekritično ponašanje za vrednosti parametara u okolini kritičnih vrednosti. Pokazano je da nelinearna podloga i smičuća tkrutost znatno utiču na poslekritično ponašanje štapa, a naročito na pojavu seundarnih bifurkacija. Određeni su tipovi bifurkacija, kao i stabilnost i asimptotsko ponašanje primarne i sekundarne grane. Pokazano je da za svaku kritičnu vrednost parametara postoji jedanaest različitih poslekritičnih ponašanja koji zavise od nelinearnosti podloge i smičuće krutosti.The local analysis of primary and seondary bifucations of a simply supported elastic rod resting on a nonlinear elastic foundation is the subject of this thesis. The constitutive equations of the rod take into account the effect of shear. Using the Liapunov-Schmidt method a local bifurcation analysis is performed. It is shown that for the specific values of auxiliary parameter the lowest eigenvalues are double. As a consequence two bifurcation equations are formulated. These equations are used to describe the postbuckling behavior of the rod in the case when the values of auxiliary parameter are close to the critical ones. It is shown that the nonlinearity of foundation and shear rigidity influence on the postbuckling behavior of the rod. In particular, the influence of shear rigidity and foundation nonlinearity on bifurcation types, stability and asymptotic expansions of primary and secondary branches are obtained. The results show that there are eleven different postbuckling behaviors

Radiocarbon Dating of Late Iron Age Graves from Transylvania

In order to confirm and narrow down the relative chronology of the Late Iron Age in the Carpathian Basin, eleven samples from three Celtic cemeteries in Transylvania (Archiud-Hânsuri, Fântânele-Dealul Iuşului / La Gâţa and FântâneleDâmbul Popii) were submitted to radiocarbon dating using the AMS method. Based on the measurement of samples from human and animal bones and on additional 14C results from the Carpathian Basin, one could observe that the date ranges, often divided into numerous smaller or larger phases, cover a much wider period than the four Transylvanian Celtic horizons defined based on the typological changes of artefacts linked to historical events or socio-historical phenomena (La Tène B1/B2-C1 phases, 350/335-190/175 BC). The explanation of this circumstance raises further questions of physical and archaeological methodology, interpretation and research

Sources of psychoanalysis and psychoterapy of childhood

Psihoanalitički pristup i psihoterapija dječje dobi zasebne su grane psihijatrije, sa dubokim izvoriš­ tima u psihoanalizi. Medicinska teorija i praksa je dovela do pojave mnogih pravaca i teorija u dječjoj psihoanalizi, koji tumače uzroke psihičkih poremećaja u djece, a time i u odraslih. Autor daje kratak pregled i komentar nekih smjerova u razvoju dječje psihoanalize i psihoterapije. Od velikog broja teorija i ogranaka, te između mnogih mogućnosti koje psihoterapeut u svojem radu ima, najbolje je orijentirati se prema vlastitom afinitetu i iskustvu, a na temelju detaljnijeg proučavanja teorija ponaosob.Psychoanalitical approach and psychotherapy of childhood are specific subdivisions of psychiatry, both deep-rooted in psychoanalysis. Medical theory and practice developed many trends and theories in psychoanalysis of children, all of them explaining sources of psychical disorders of children as well as grown-ups. In this review the short survey and comment to some of main theories developed in psychoanalysis and psychotherapy is given. Between a large number of theories and branches, such as between many possibilities given to psychotherapist in his practice, the best decision is to follow one’s own affinities and experiences, based on minute studying of each theory separately

Reporting of lifetime fractures: methodological considerations and results from the Thai cohort study

OBJECTIVES To provide estimates of fracture incidence among young adults in Thailand. DESIGN Cross-sectional analysis of a large national cohort. SETTING Thailand. PARTICIPANTS A total of 60 569 study participants residing nationwide responded to the 2009 follow-up survey; 55% were women and median age was 34 years (range 19-92). OUTCOME MEASURES Self-reported lifetime fractures, along with age at fracture. Fracture incidence rates per person-year were then compared using lifetime fracture reports, and again selecting only fractures reported for the last year. Incidence rates were compared by age and sex. RESULTS 18 010 lifetime fractures were reported; 11 645(65%) by men. Lifetime fracture prevalence was 30% for men and 15% for women. Lifetime incidence per 10 000 person-years was 83; analysing only fractures from the last year yielded a corresponding incidence rate of 187. For ages 21-30, fractures per 10 000 person-years were more common among men than women (283 (95% CI 244 to 326) and 150 (130 to 173), respectively); with increasing age, rates decreased among men and increased among women (for ages 51-60, 97 (58 to 151) and 286 (189 to 417), respectively). CONCLUSIONS Large-scale surveys provide a feasible method for establishing relative fracture incidence among informative subgroups in a population. Limiting analyses to fractures reported to have occurred recently minimises bias due to poor recall. The pattern of self-reported fracture incidence among Thais aged 20-60 was similar to that reported for Western countries: high falling rates in young men and high rising rates in older women.The Thai Cohort Study is funded by the International Collaborative Research Grants Scheme with joint grants from the Wellcome Trust UK (GR071587MA) and the Australian National Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC; 268055), and as a global health grant from the NHMRC (585426)