Didática e formação de docentes: saberes necessários à prática

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A transição do Ensino Secundário para o Ensino Superior: factores contributivos para uma boa adaptação e relação com o sucesso académico universitário

O elevado crescimento da frequência do Ensino Superior, cerca de 30% nos últimos 30 anos, (Lencastre, L. et al., 2000) e as altas taxas de insucesso a nível universitário(40.6%) têm despertado a atenção quer de investigadores sociais quer da sociedade em geral. No nosso entender, é fundamental tentar perceber se esse insucesso se situa logo no primeiro ano e se está relacionado com a adaptação ao mais alto nível de ensino, no sentido de se desenvolverem estratégias de promoção duma boa adaptação e, consequentemente, do sucesso académico. É neste sentido, que nos propomos, neste estudo, tentar analisar os possíveis factores que contribuem para uma adaptação bem sucedida à Universidade, bem como os possíveis factores de risco. Esta análise centra-se necessariamente no conhecimento e caracterização da população alvo (alunos do 1º ano da Universidade da Madeira no presente ano lectivo) assim como das implicações da transição entre níveis de ensino e da consequente adaptação ao ambiente Universitário

Importância da colaboração entre a escola e a família: um estudo qualitativo La importancia de la colaboración entre la escuela y la familia: un estudio cualitativo Importance of school-family collaboration: a qualitative study

Objetivou-se neste trabalho de investigação de caráter qualitativo, concretizado empiricamente através de seis entrevistas semiestruturadas a encarregados de educação, compreender o nível de participação na escola e a perceção dos pais, quer sobre a influência da sua participação para o sucesso dos filhos, quer sobre os obstáculos a esta mesma participação. Os resultados deste estudo indicam que os encarregados de educação valorizam a participação dos pais no desenvolvimento académico, emocional e comportamental dos alunos. É muito importante que os agentes educativos criem estratégias para que essa participação seja efetiva e habitua

Applications in Regenerative and Predictive Medicine

Work in the laboratories of the authors is funded by FEDER funds through the Operational Programme Competitiveness Factors—COMPETE and national funds by FCT—Foundation for Science and Technology (PTDC/BTM-SAL/29297/2017, POCI-01-0145-FEDER-029297, PTDC/MED-FAR/29391/2017, POCI-01-0145-FEDER-029391, IF/01182/2015 and UIDB/04539/2020). iNOVA4Health-UID/Multi/04462/2013, a program financially supported by Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia/Ministério da Educação e Ciência, through national funds and co-funded by FEDER under the PT2020 Partnership Agreement, is acknowledged. Guida Bento is the recipient of a Ph.D. fellowship from the Foundation for Science and Technology (PD/BD/114119/2015). AKS and AAR were funded by the subsidy allocated to Kazan Federal University for the state assignment in the sphere of scientific activities. Kazan Federal University was supported by the Russian Government Program of Competitive Growth.Despite being a biological waste, human urine contains a small population of cells with self-renewal capacity and differentiation potential into several cell types. Being derived from the convoluted tubules of nephron, renal pelvis, ureters, bladder and urethra, urine-derived stem cells (UDSC) have a similar phenotype to mesenchymal stroma cells (MSC) and can be reprogrammed into iPSC (induced pluripotent stem cells). Having simple, safer, low-cost and noninvasive collection procedures, the interest in UDSC has been growing in the last decade. With great potential in regenerative medicine applications, UDSC can also be used as biological models for pharmacology and toxicology tests. This review describes UDSC biological characteristics and differentiation potential and their possible use, including the potential of UDSC-derived iPSC to be used in drug discovery and toxicology, as well as in regenerative medicine. Being a new cellular platform amenable to noninvasive collection for disease stratification and personalized therapy could be a future application for UDSC.publishersversionpublishe

The incidence of exposure to antibiotics in children less than 6 years of age: a survey in a Portuguese metropolitan Area

Background: The contact with antibiotics at an early age may lead to a number of nefarious consequences. Nevertheless, the amount of literature available on the usage of antibiotics in children is scarce. Taking into account the increasing emergence of resistant bacterial strains, it is imperative to study and make society aware of the excessive exposure of children to antibiotics. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the incidence of antibiotic therapy in children under the age of six, in the metropolitan area of Oporto. Methods: Surveys (concerning children born in the metropolitan area of Oporto since 2010) were conducted in several nursery schools, and its answers (n=1031) were subsequently analysed. Our primary outcome was the incidence of exposure to antibiotics in children under 6 years of age in the metropolitan area of Oporto. Statistical significance was set as a p value inferior to 0.05. Results: We verified that 958 children (92.9%) were exposed to antibiotics before the age of six. Additionally, five associations were found between the considered variables: cessation of treatment and number of times the child has resorted to antibiotics in his/her lifetime (p<0,0001); cessation of treatment and average of intake per year (p=0,021, R=0,082); child with chronic disease and number of times of usage during his/her lifetime (p=0,02); eldest child’s age and cessation of treatment (p=0,018); eldest child’s age and number of times of usage during the child’s lifetime (p=0,014, R=0,096). Conclusion: Our study revealed that the exposure to antibiotics in children under six years of age is exceptionally high. Furthermore, the presence of chronic disease seems to be associated with a higher frequency of antibiotic intake. Couples with older children had better antibiotic therapy compliance, as well as higher frequency of antibiotic intake.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Mitochondrial physiology

As the knowledge base and importance of mitochondrial physiology to evolution, health and disease expands, the necessity for harmonizing the terminology concerning mitochondrial respiratory states and rates has become increasingly apparent. The chemiosmotic theory establishes the mechanism of energy transformation and coupling in oxidative phosphorylation. The unifying concept of the protonmotive force provides the framework for developing a consistent theoretical foundation of mitochondrial physiology and bioenergetics. We follow the latest SI guidelines and those of the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC) on terminology in physical chemistry, extended by considerations of open systems and thermodynamics of irreversible processes. The concept-driven constructive terminology incorporates the meaning of each quantity and aligns concepts and symbols with the nomenclature of classical bioenergetics. We endeavour to provide a balanced view of mitochondrial respiratory control and a critical discussion on reporting data of mitochondrial respiration in terms of metabolic flows and fluxes. Uniform standards for evaluation of respiratory states and rates will ultimately contribute to reproducibility between laboratories and thus support the development of data repositories of mitochondrial respiratory function in species, tissues, and cells. Clarity of concept and consistency of nomenclature facilitate effective transdisciplinary communication, education, and ultimately further discovery

Identidades e caraterísticas dos alunos do Departamento de Ciências da Educação da Universidade da Madeira

Nas últimas décadas, o perfil dos estudantes que frequentam o ensino superior tem vindo a diversificar-se. A Universidade da Madeira tem tido um crescente aumento de ofertas de cursos, nomeadamente no Departamento de Ciências de Educação de que é exemplo a criação das licenciaturas em Educação Sénior e Ciências de Educação. Desta forma, o objectivo principal deste estudo é dar uma panorâmica do perfil social e identitário dos estudantes das licenciaturas do DCE numa perspectiva de caracterização da realidade do referido Departamento. Neste quadro, a caracterização das condições socioeconómicas e das concepções que os alunos têm acerca dos seus projectos futuros constitui um pilar decisivo para a melhor compreensão dos mesmos e poderá assim contribuir para a tomada de decisões curriculares e pedagógicas. Para tal, tomou-se por referência um inquérito por questionário aplicado ao universo completo dos alunos das licenciaturas deste Departamento no ano lectivo de 2005/2006, ou seja, 103 sujeitos.In the last decades, the profiles of students attending Higher Education has become very diverse. The University of Madeira has had an increasing offer of courses, particularly, in the Department of Educational Sciences being an example, the creation of the Bachelors´ programs in Senior Education and Sciences of Education. On such a way, the main goal of this study is to give a panoramic view of the social and identity profile of the students of all Bachelors’ programs of the Department of Educational Sciences, characterizing the reality of that Department. Thus, the characterization of the socio-economic conditions and the conceptions that the students have concerning their future projects, constitutes a decisive support for a better understanding of same students and, thus, contribute for a better curricular and pedagogical decision-making process. For such, an inquiry by questionnaire was applied to all the students of the Bachelors´ programs of this Department in the school year of 2005/2006 (a total of 103 subjects).info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Importância da colaboração entre a escola e a família: um estudo qualitativo

Objetivou-se neste trabalho de investigação de caráter qualitativo, concretizado empiricamente através de seis entrevistas semiestruturadas a encarregados de educação, compreender o nível de participação na escola e a perceção dos pais, quer sobre a influência da sua participação para o sucesso dos filhos, quer sobre os obstáculos a esta mesma participação. Os resultados deste estudo indicam que os encarregados de educação valorizam a participação dos pais no desenvolvimento académico, emocional e comportamental dos alunos. É muito importante que os agentes educativos criem estratégias para que essa participação seja efetiva e habitua