13,941 research outputs found
Localised Black Holes
We numerically construct asymptotically global black holes that are localised on the . These are
solutions to type IIB supergravity with horizon topology that
dominate the theory in the microcanonical ensemble at small energies. At higher
energies, there is a first-order phase transition to
-Schwarzschild. By the AdS/CFT
correspondence, this transition is dual to spontaneously breaking the
R-symmetry of super Yang-Mills down to . We extrapolate
the location of this phase transition and compute the expectation value of the
resulting scalar operators in the low energy phase.Comment: 11 pages, 6 figure
Lumpy AdS S Black Holes and Black Belts
Sufficiently small Schwarzschild black holes in global AdSS are
Gregory-Laflamme unstable. We construct new families of black hole solutions
that bifurcate from the onset of this instability and break the full SO
symmetry group of the S down to SO. These new "lumpy" solutions are
labelled by the harmonics . We find evidence that the branch
never dominates the microcanonical/canonical ensembles and connects through a
topology-changing merger to a localised black hole solution with S
topology. We argue that these S black holes should become the dominant
phase in the microcanonical ensemble for small enough energies, and that the
transition to Schwarzschild black holes is first order. Furthermore, we find
two branches of solutions with . We expect one of these branches to
connect to a solution containing two localised black holes, while the other
branch connects to a black hole solution with horizon topology which we call a "black belt".Comment: 20 pages (plus 17 pages for Appendix on Kaluza-Klein Holography), 14
figure
Application of remote sensing to selected problems within the state of California
Specific case studies undertaken to demonstrate the usefulness of remote sensing technology to resource managers in California are highlighted. Applications discussed include the mapping and quantization of wildland fire fuels in Mendocino and Shasta Counties as well as in the Central Valley; the development of a digital spectral/terrain data set for Colusa County; the Forsythe Planning Experiment to maximize the usefulness of inputs from LANDSAT and geographic information systems to county planning in Mendocino County; the development of a digital data bank for Big Basin State Park in Santa Cruz County; the detection of salinity related cotton canopy reflectance differences in the Central Valley; and the surveying of avocado acreage and that of other fruits and nut crops in Southern California. Special studies include the interpretability of high altitude, large format photography of forested areas for coordinated resource planning using U-2 photographs of the NASA Bucks Lake Forestry test site in the Plumas National Forest in the Sierra Nevada Mountains
Application of remote sensing to selected problems within the state of California
There are no author-identified significant results in this report
Agricultural interpretation technique development
There are no author-identified significant results in this report
Design of an Automatic Traffic Control System with Real Time Vehicle Density Analysis
Growth in developing countries forcefully leads their roads becoming increasingly congested thus bringing traffic to a standstill. There are two major measures that can address this issue viz. manual and automatic approaches. Because of its inefficiency, manual approach is not considered under the preview of this study and the automatic approach, which is the focus of this study, can further be classified into two viz. timer based and density based approaches. Timer based approaches are primarily static in nature and hence cannot consider real time requirements. Incorporating Density analysis on to the problem under preview adds dynamism to the solution and in the proposed study, traffic signals are controlled by considering real time density of vehicles on each roads. After capturing real time images and performing appropriate preprocessing, density of vehicles are measured using Canny Edge detection approach; which is used as a parameter for later decision making. Considering density parameters alone may lead to starvation to certain roads and here in the proposed study, authors consider a weight factor to propose a better solution. A prototype was developed using Arduino mega 2560 board, Webcams and Airplane 9g Mini Servo - SG-90 and led lights and it was observed that the efficacy of the proposed system is higher while comparing it to other prevailing methods
Combined Hazard Analyses to Explore the Impact of Liquid Hydrogen Fuel on the Civil Aviation Industry
Interest in green technology in aviation is increasing. To address environmental issues, novel fuels such as cryogenic liquid hydrogen (LH2) are being explored, however there are safety concerns. This work combines safety studies to explore LH2 fuel safety for civil aviation. Preliminary hazard analyses (PHAs) (utilizing over 70 standards and guides) have been performed identifying possible LH2 hazards on-board aircraft. A PHA has also been produced, with industry stakeholder involvement, to understand the major concerns for LH2 use at airports. Gaps in fundamental knowledge and LH2 technology have been identified, and two of these explored. Firstly, work has been started to understand the fundamental flammability of hydrogen in altitude conditions. Secondly, FLACS CFD modelling has been used to simulate large-scale LH2 pool releases to examine behavior and predict pool size, downwind flammable regions, and flammable mass clouds formed for different environmental conditions and release scenarios. This has identified significant effects of wind speed on buoyancy and flammable cloud travel which must be taken into account of any hydrogen fuel facility design. This work (part of the EC funded ENABLEH2 project) is some of the first in over a decade to re-examine the safety of hydrogen propulsion in aircraft. This process has identified wide-ranging issues that must be addressed before hydrogen propulsion can be introduced in civil aviation
Parameter estimators of random intersection graphs with thinned communities
This paper studies a statistical network model generated by a large number of
randomly sized overlapping communities, where any pair of nodes sharing a
community is linked with probability via the community. In the special case
with the model reduces to a random intersection graph which is known to
generate high levels of transitivity also in the sparse context. The parameter
adds a degree of freedom and leads to a parsimonious and analytically
tractable network model with tunable density, transitivity, and degree
fluctuations. We prove that the parameters of this model can be consistently
estimated in the large and sparse limiting regime using moment estimators based
on partially observed densities of links, 2-stars, and triangles.Comment: 15 page
Automated Grain Yield Behavior Classification
A method for classifying grain stress evolution behaviors using unsupervised learning techniques is presented. The method is applied to analyze grain stress histories measured in-situ using high-energy X-ray diffraction microscopy (HEDM) from the aluminum-lithium alloy Al-Li 2099 at the elastic-plastic transition (yield). The unsupervised learning process automatically classified the grain stress histories into four groups: major softening, no work-hardening or softening, moderate work-hardening, and major work-hardening. The orientation and spatial dependence of these four groups are discussed. In addition, the generality of the classification process to other samples is explored
The Role of Legal Services in the Antipoverty Program
Large-scale adaptive radiations might explain the runaway success of a minority of extant vertebrate clades. This hypothesis predicts, among other things, rapid rates of morphological evolution during the early history of major groups, as lineages invade disparate ecological niches. However, few studies of adaptive radiation have included deep time data, so the links between extant diversity and major extinct radiations are unclear. The intensively studied Mesozoic dinosaur record provides a model system for such investigation, representing an ecologically diverse group that dominated terrestrial ecosystems for 170 million years. Furthermore, with 10,000 species, extant dinosaurs (birds) are the most speciose living tetrapod clade. We assembled composite trees of 614-622 Mesozoic dinosaurs/birds, and a comprehensive body mass dataset using the scaling relationship of limb bone robustness. Maximum-likelihood modelling and the node height test reveal rapid evolutionary rates and a predominance of rapid shifts among size classes in early (Triassic) dinosaurs. This indicates an early burst niche-filling pattern and contrasts with previous studies that favoured gradualistic rates. Subsequently, rates declined in most lineages, which rarely exploited new ecological niches. However, feathered maniraptoran dinosaurs (including Mesozoic birds) sustained rapid evolution from at least the Middle Jurassic, suggesting that these taxa evaded the effects of niche saturation. This indicates that a long evolutionary history of continuing ecological innovation paved the way for a second great radiation of dinosaurs, in birds. We therefore demonstrate links between the predominantly extinct deep time adaptive radiation of non-avian dinosaurs and the phenomenal diversification of birds, via continuing rapid rates of evolution along the phylogenetic stem lineage. This raises the possibility that the uneven distribution of biodiversity results not just from large-scale extrapolation of the process of adaptive radiation in a few extant clades, but also from the maintenance of evolvability on vast time scales across the history of life, in key lineages
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