A study on Impact of SHG and spreading awareness to the SHG Members in some selected villages in West Khasi Hills District, Nongstoin C& RD Block Development Office, Meghalaya

This work studied the effectiveness of National Rural Livelihoods Mission (NRLM) and promoted the same among self-help groups. NRLM is a comprehensive programmed for reducing poverty in India with the goal of enhancing the living conditions of rural households. Self- Help Groups (SHGs) are promoted and strengthened as one of the primary tactics used by NRLM. The study provided awareness to the people about financial Inclusion, Digital Finance and loans in some of the village in west Khasi hills district, Nongstoin and this process include the data analysis and the interpretation on the number of the people who are the beneficiary of the Self- Help Group. We surveyed five villages of the Nongstoin Block with the sample size of 115 respondent by visiting different village and the AEC level of the cluster in the block

A study on the Role of Financial and Non-financial incentives on Employee Performance

The purpose of this study is to investigate how employee performance at Global IME Bank Limited in Dharan, Nepal is affected by both monetary and non-monetary incentives. A demographic profile of the 64 participants in the study highlighted their varied age groups, gender representation, employment levels, and years of service. ANOVA was one of the statistical techniques used to assess the data. The results demonstrate that employee happiness and performance are highly influenced by both non-financial (recognition, career progression prospects, work-life balance, and working environment) and financial incentives (compensation, bonuses, profit-sharing, and retirement benefits). With p-values of.000, the models' high F-statistics of 225.42 and 192.56, respectively, show that they are highly predictive for financial and non-financial incentives.To further emphasize the robustness of the results, the study received a high reliability score of 0.96. The study suggests continual evaluation and enhancement of incentive programs to sustain their efficacy, concluding that a smart combination of non-financial and financial incentives is essential for improving employee performance.Keywords: Employee performance, financial incentive, non-financial incentive

Exploring Environmental Concern and Trust in Predicting Sustainable Packaging Purchase Intention: Extending the Theory of Planned Behaviour in a Tier II Indian City

This investigation delves into consumer purchase choices of sustainably packaged goods in a Tier II Indian city. The research uses the Theory of Planned Behaviour (TPB) while augmenting the model with two new variables environmental concern and trust. Data collected using a self administered questionnaire was a nalysed through Partial Least SquareStructural Equation Modelling (PLS SEM). TPB proved to be a reliable tool for predicting consumer intentions towards buying products with sustainable packaging. Additionally. extending the TPB model with additional com ponents strengthens its ability to predict consumer behaviour. The research article ends by presenting future research possibilities while offering recommendations to policymakers and manufacturers

ON BIPOLAR FUZZY IDEALS OF SEMIRINGS WITH THRESHOLDS

In this paper, the fundamental concept of bipolar fuzzy ideals and their key features are investigated. The concept of bipolar fuzzy ideals with thresholds [( , ),( , )] in semirings are introduced, which extends the definition of ideals to incorporate a more flexible representation of membership degrees, and also various properties and important results of ideals of semirings are investigated in bipolar fuzzy settings

A Comparative Analysis of VAT, Service Tax, and GST: Implications, Challenges, and Transition in the Indian Tax System

India's taxation system has evolved significantly, transitioning from a complex structure of multiple indirect taxes, including Value Added Tax (VAT), Service Tax, Excise Duty, and Octroi, to a unified Goods and Services Tax (GST) introduced in 2017. VAT, introduced in 2003, was a state-level tax on goods that allowed input tax credit (ITC) but led to inconsistencies due to varying state-specific rates and regulations. Service Tax, implemented in 1994, was a central tax on services, creating further complexity for businesses dealing with both goods and services, resulting in double taxation and compliance burdens. GST replaced these fragmented systems by merging various indirect taxes into a single, destination-based tax applicable to both goods and services, eliminating the cascading effect and ensuring uniformity across states. Although GST has simplified compliance and reduced the overall tax burden, its implementation brought initial challenges such as technical glitches, frequent rate changes, and increased compliance costs for small businesses. Case studies highlight the challenges of the pre-GST era, where industries like mobile phone manufacturing and small businesses faced multiple tax burdens, while post-GST, these burdens were reduced, making pricing more transparent and compliance easier. However, the transition to GST was not without hurdles, particularly for small and medium enterprises (SMEs) and e-commerce companies adapting to new regulations. A comparative analysis of VAT, Service Tax, and GST highlights differences in tax structure, input tax credit mechanisms, and compliance requirements, underscoring GST's positive impact on economic efficiency and revenue generation. Looking ahead, India can further improve its GST framework by learning from global models, enhancing compliance, and ensuring a more streamlined tax system

Information and Communication Technology as a crucial tool in NEP’s reform agenda

An essay on the empahsis of ICT tools in National Education Policy of India

Advancing Communication: A CNN-Powered Framework for Assamese Sign Language Recognition

This paper introduces an advanced method for recognizing Assamese Sign Language (ASL) using deep learning, specifically Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN). The proposed framework encompasses three primary phases: data preparation, model development, and real-time gesture recognition. A dataset of 10 static gestures representing distinct Assamese alphabets was created, utilizing OpenCV for frame capture and MediaPipe for hand landmark detection. The collected data underwent preprocessing, and the hand gesture images were further split into training and testing sets. A CNN model was then trained for gesture classification, yielding a perfect accuracy score of 100%, along with exceptional precision, recall, and F1 scores across all 10 categories. The findings demonstrate the CNN model's proficiency in extracting and learning key features of ASL gestures, enabling the system to accurately recognize and convert the signs into text in real-time. This real-time recognition ability holds significant potential for enhancing communication between the deaf and hearing communities in Assam. Future work will focus on expanding the dataset to incorporate dynamic gestures and optimizing the system for real-time deployment in mobile applications

SOFT TISSUE IMAGING WITH THE INVISIBLE RAYS: THE PHYSICS AND APPLICATION OF MAMMOGRAPHY IN THE EARLY DETECTION AND THE TREATMENT OF CANCER-A REVIEW

The main objective of this study is to explain the well established theory of mammography in a very crisp manner. Mammography is a method for capturing images of the breast using characteristic x-rays. Compared to conventional radiography, here the prerequisites are somewhat unique and distinct. The breast imaging technology was further improved with a focus on minimizing radiation exposure while maintaining the highest level of diagnostic image quality. In this study, x-ray tube, target materials, image receptors, compression device, scattered radiation and filtration are discussed in the simplest possible manner in relation to the imaging requirements for mammography. Regarding the use of ionizing radiation for breast imaging, there are two schools of thought. Mammography was seen as both a benefit in case of early detection of cancer and a risk as it went through its early stages of development. In order to understand its advantages and disadvantages and to establish its ideal function, numerous studies were conducted. According to various reports, breast imaging raises the risk of breast cancer in asymptomatic women under the age of fifty. Another group of researchers contends that mammography has significant advantages and thus contributes to the welfare of the patients. This review study tries to illuminate the benefits of mammography in the detection of carcinoma, pre-carcinoma conditions like masses, clusters of micro-calcifications, distortion of structure in breast tissue. Mammography contributes in a significant way in the treatment of breast cancer using ionizing radiation. The abstract should appear like this. The abstract should appear like this. The abstract should appear like this. The abstract should appear like this. The abstract should appear like this

Γ-DERIVATIONS AND THEIR NORM PROPERTIES IN THE PROJECTIVE TENSOR PRODUCT OF Γ-BANACH ALGEBRAS

The abstract should appear like this. The abstract should appear like this. The abstract should appear like this. The abstract should appear like this. The abstract should appear like this.This paper deals with many illuminating results on different derivations in the Projective Tensor product of  Banach algebras. The following results are established here:Let (B,  ) be the projective tensor  product of two  Banach algebras ( . If   be generalized derivations / generalized Jordan derivations / generalized inner derivations on (  respectively, then there exists a derivation  on the projective tensor product (B,  having the same properties. Moreover,  is a crucial result in this field

Evaluation of Aggregate Properties for Enhancing Infrastructure Resilience in Disaster-Prone Environments

The functionality of building infrastructure is profoundly affected by disasters, particularly flooding and earthquakes. Coarse aggregates, as key components in concrete and pavement construction, play a critical role in enhancing infrastructure resilience. These aggregates are typically derived from natural sources, such as riverbeds and quarries, where they undergo processes of extraction, crushing, and grading. This study evaluates the engineering properties of coarse aggregates from 50 locations in Assam, India, to assess their suitability for construction applications. Experiments were conducted to measure water absorption, specific gravity, abrasion resistance, crushing strength, impact value, flakiness, elongation, and soundness. Based on the results, a coarse aggregate reliability map of Assam was developed, classifying the aggregates into three categories: highly reliable, moderately reliable, and low reliable. Representative samples from each category (six in total) were used to produce concrete, and compressive strength tests were performed.The findings reveal that aggregates from highly reliable sources exhibit superior compressive strength compared to those from moderately and low reliable sources. This research emphasizes the critical importance of selecting high-quality aggregates to improve the durability, structural integrity, and resilience of infrastructure. Enhanced material selection reduces maintenance costs and mitigates potential losses during disasters. The study advocates for a scientifically informed approach to aggregate sourcing, ensuring that construction practices meet engineering standards while promoting community safety and sustainability. Such measures can significantly enhance infrastructure resilience, minimizing disaster-induced disruptions and supporting long-term societal well-being