Vaccine breakthrough hypoxemic COVID-19 pneumonia in patients with auto-Abs neutralizing type I IFNs

Life-threatening `breakthrough' cases of critical COVID-19 are attributed to poor or waning antibody response to the SARS- CoV-2 vaccine in individuals already at risk. Pre-existing autoantibodies (auto-Abs) neutralizing type I IFNs underlie at least 15% of critical COVID-19 pneumonia cases in unvaccinated individuals; however, their contribution to hypoxemic breakthrough cases in vaccinated people remains unknown. Here, we studied a cohort of 48 individuals ( age 20-86 years) who received 2 doses of an mRNA vaccine and developed a breakthrough infection with hypoxemic COVID-19 pneumonia 2 weeks to 4 months later. Antibody levels to the vaccine, neutralization of the virus, and auto- Abs to type I IFNs were measured in the plasma. Forty-two individuals had no known deficiency of B cell immunity and a normal antibody response to the vaccine. Among them, ten (24%) had auto-Abs neutralizing type I IFNs (aged 43-86 years). Eight of these ten patients had auto-Abs neutralizing both IFN-a2 and IFN-., while two neutralized IFN-omega only. No patient neutralized IFN-ss. Seven neutralized 10 ng/mL of type I IFNs, and three 100 pg/mL only. Seven patients neutralized SARS-CoV-2 D614G and the Delta variant (B.1.617.2) efficiently, while one patient neutralized Delta slightly less efficiently. Two of the three patients neutralizing only 100 pg/mL of type I IFNs neutralized both D61G and Delta less efficiently. Despite two mRNA vaccine inoculations and the presence of circulating antibodies capable of neutralizing SARS-CoV-2, auto-Abs neutralizing type I IFNs may underlie a significant proportion of hypoxemic COVID-19 pneumonia cases, highlighting the importance of this particularly vulnerable population

COVID-19 symptoms at hospital admission vary with age and sex: results from the ISARIC prospective multinational observational study

Background: The ISARIC prospective multinational observational study is the largest cohort of hospitalized patients with COVID-19. We present relationships of age, sex, and nationality to presenting symptoms. Methods: International, prospective observational study of 60 109 hospitalized symptomatic patients with laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 recruited from 43 countries between 30 January and 3 August 2020. Logistic regression was performed to evaluate relationships of age and sex to published COVID-19 case definitions and the most commonly reported symptoms. Results: ‘Typical’ symptoms of fever (69%), cough (68%) and shortness of breath (66%) were the most commonly reported. 92% of patients experienced at least one of these. Prevalence of typical symptoms was greatest in 30- to 60-year-olds (respectively 80, 79, 69%; at least one 95%). They were reported less frequently in children (≤ 18 years: 69, 48, 23; 85%), older adults (≥ 70 years: 61, 62, 65; 90%), and women (66, 66, 64; 90%; vs. men 71, 70, 67; 93%, each P < 0.001). The most common atypical presentations under 60 years of age were nausea and vomiting and abdominal pain, and over 60 years was confusion. Regression models showed significant differences in symptoms with sex, age and country. Interpretation: This international collaboration has allowed us to report reliable symptom data from the largest cohort of patients admitted to hospital with COVID-19. Adults over 60 and children admitted to hospital with COVID-19 are less likely to present with typical symptoms. Nausea and vomiting are common atypical presentations under 30 years. Confusion is a frequent atypical presentation of COVID-19 in adults over 60 years. Women are less likely to experience typical symptoms than men

A Compact 28-nm FD-SOI CMOS 76-81 GHz Automotive Band Receiver Path with Accurate 0.2° Phase Control Resolution

International audienceThis paper presents a 76-81 GHz receiver path for automotive radar applications in 28-nm FD-SOI CMOS technology. It introduces a new accurate phase control using MOS varactors. The proposed solution implemented in the frontend low noise amplifier (LNA) allows a phase control of maximum 22° with a 0.2° resolution for minimum degradation of the LNA and the receiver performances. The receiver contains a two-stage LNA with 5.5 dB noise figure (NF), a passive mixer, a local oscillator (LO) driver and a baseband (BB) amplifier. The receiver exhibits input compression points (ICP1dB) of −25.2 dBm and −12.6 dBm with and without BB amplifier, respectively. The active area of the receiver path is only 0.057 mm² for a total power consumption of 41.7 mW

A Compact 28-nm FD-SOI CMOS 76-81 GHz Automotive Band Receiver Path with Accurate 0.2° Phase Control Resolution

International audienceThis paper presents a 76-81 GHz receiver path for automotive radar applications in 28-nm FD-SOI CMOS technology. It introduces a new accurate phase control using MOS varactors. The proposed solution implemented in the frontend low noise amplifier (LNA) allows a phase control of maximum 22° with a 0.2° resolution for minimum degradation of the LNA and the receiver performances. The receiver contains a two-stage LNA with 5.5 dB noise figure (NF), a passive mixer, a local oscillator (LO) driver and a baseband (BB) amplifier. The receiver exhibits input compression points (ICP1dB) of −25.2 dBm and −12.6 dBm with and without BB amplifier, respectively. The active area of the receiver path is only 0.057 mm² for a total power consumption of 41.7 mW

Conception et contrôle de phase d'une chaîne de réception radar 76-81 GHz en CMOS 28-nm FD-SOI

International audience-Ce papier présente une chaîne de réception pour radar automobile 76-81 GHz en technologie 28-nm FD-SOI CMOS. Cette chaîne introduit une nouvelle solution de contrôle de phase utilisant des varactors MOS, implémentés dans un amplificateur faible bruit (LNA). La solution permet un contrôle de phase au maximum de 22° avec une résolution de 0,2° pour une dégradation minimale des performances de la chaîne. Cette chaîne contient un LNA 2 étages avec un facteur de bruit (NF) de 5,5 dB, un mélangeur passif, un étage d'amplification de l'oscillateur local (OL) et un amplificateur en bande de base (BB). Le récepteur sans amplificateur BB présente un point de compression à 1 dB (ICP1dB) de −12,6 dB. La surface active du récepteur est de seulement 0,057 mm² pour une consommation de 41,7 mW

Conception et contrôle de phase d'une chaîne de réception radar 76-81 GHz en CMOS 28-nm FD-SOI

International audience-Ce papier présente une chaîne de réception pour radar automobile 76-81 GHz en technologie 28-nm FD-SOI CMOS. Cette chaîne introduit une nouvelle solution de contrôle de phase utilisant des varactors MOS, implémentés dans un amplificateur faible bruit (LNA). La solution permet un contrôle de phase au maximum de 22° avec une résolution de 0,2° pour une dégradation minimale des performances de la chaîne. Cette chaîne contient un LNA 2 étages avec un facteur de bruit (NF) de 5,5 dB, un mélangeur passif, un étage d'amplification de l'oscillateur local (OL) et un amplificateur en bande de base (BB). Le récepteur sans amplificateur BB présente un point de compression à 1 dB (ICP1dB) de −12,6 dB. La surface active du récepteur est de seulement 0,057 mm² pour une consommation de 41,7 mW

Uplift history of the coastal Central Andes deduced from morphology

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Integration of Ultra Wide Band filters using high performances inductors integrated in advanced CMOS High Resistivity SOI technology

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