Techno-Economic Assessment in Communications: New Challenges

This article shows a brief history of Techno-Economic Assessment (TEA) in Communications, a proposed redefinition of TEA as well as the new challenges derived from a dynamic context with cloud-native virtualized networks, the Helium Network & alike blockchain-based decentralized networks, the new network as a platform (NaaP) paradigm, carbon pricing, network sharing, and web3, metaverse and blockchain technologies. The authors formulate the research question and show the need to improve TEA models to integrate and manage all this increasing complexity. This paper also proposes the characteristics TEA models should have and their current degree of compliance for several use cases: 5G and beyond, software-defined wide area network (SD-WAN), secure access service edge (SASE), secure service edge (SSE), and cloud cybersecurity risk assessment. The authors also present TEA extensibility to request for proposals (RFP) processes and other industries, to conclude that there is an urgent need for agile and effective TEA in Comms that allows industrialization of agile decision-making for all market stakeholders to choose the optimal solution for any technology, scenario and use case.Comment: 18 pages, 1 figure, 2 table

Solving radiative transfer with line overlaps using Gauss Seidel algorithms

The improvement in observational facilities requires refining the modelling of the geometrical structures of astrophysical objects. Nevertheless, for complex problems such as line overlap in molecules showing hyperfine structure, a detailed analysis still requires a large amount of computing time and thus, misinterpretation cannot be dismissed due to an undersampling of the whole space of parameters. We extend the discussion of the implementation of the Gauss--Seidel algorithm in spherical geometry and include the case of hyperfine line overlap. We first review the basics of the short characteristics method that is used to solve the radiative transfer equations. Details are given on the determination of the Lambda operator in spherical geometry. The Gauss--Seidel algorithm is then described and, by analogy to the plan--parallel case, we see how to introduce it in spherical geometry. Doing so requires some approximations in order to keep the algorithm competitive. Finally, line overlap effects are included. The convergence speed of the algorithm is compared to the usual Jacobi iterative schemes. The gain in the number of iterations is typically factors of 2 and 4 for the two implementations made of the Gauss--Seidel algorithm. This is obtained despite the introduction of approximations in the algorithm. A comparison of results obtained with and without line overlaps for N2H+, HCN, and HNC shows that the J=3-2 line intensities are significantly underestimated in models where line overlap is neglected.Comment: 11 pages, 13 figures, accepted in A&

La restauración de la villa romana de La Ontavia (Terrinches, Ciudad Real)

En el mes de julio de 2010 se iniciaron las labores de conservación y restauración en el yacimiento romano de La Ontavia (Terrinches, Ciudad Real). Durante cuatro meses se han simultaneado estos trabajos con la excavación arqueológica, en la que han colaborado once alumnos de la Escuela Superior de Conservación y Restauración de Bienes Culturales de la Comunidad de Madrid, bajo la dirección del equipo técnico, realizando prácticas para completar su formación. La intervención llevada a cabo ha estado enfocada a minimizar el efecto de los agentes de deterioro a los que se halla expuesto el yacimiento, que se encuentra al aire libre. El presente artículo tiene como finalidad la difusión de los trabajos de conservación y restauración realizados durante esta campaña, prestando especial atención a la metodología y a los materiales utilizadosIn July 2010 conservation and restoration work began at the Roman site of La Ontavia (Terrinches, Ciudad Real). For four months, the work was carried out alongside the archaeological excavation, involving eleven students from the Madrid School of Cultural Asset Conservation and Restoration, doing work experience under the guidance of a technical team to complete their training. The intervention focused on minimising the effect of the deterioration factors that this open-air site has been exposed to. This article aims to provide a report of the conservation and restoration work carried out in this campaign, paying special attention to the methodology and materials use

La zona patrimonial de la Cuenca Minera de Riotinto-Nerva: trayectoria y retos patrimoniales de futuro

Este estudio pretende analizar la trayectoria de la Zona Patrimonial, como figura de reciente creación y reducida aplicación a través del caso de la Cuenca Minera de Riotinto-Nerva. La singularidad tanto paisajística como jurídica de este Bien de Interés Cultural hacen de su estudio una oportunidad para avanzar en futuras declaraciones. La evolución del panorama legislativo patrimonial, incluyendo esta novedosa figura de protección plantea la necesidad de evaluar su resultado en términos de gestión patrimonial. En la concurrencia de una serie de agentes patrimoniales y con la convivencia de diferentes normativas y declaraciones previas, se estima necesario analizar la pluralidad de acciones que plantea la administración, incluyendo aspectos fundamentales como la gestión, la evolución en la percepción de los diferentes elementos patrimoniales, su valorización social o las estrategias de difusión aplicadas desde su inscripción. La Cuenca Minera de Riotinto-Nerva constituye uno de los enclaves mineros más antiguos y representativos a nivel mundial. Complementariamente se propone ahondar en las directrices necesarias para su inscripción en la Lista de Patrimonio Mundial, justificándose también su carácter excepcional desde su particularidad cromática, hecho diferencial toponímico e hito identitario para la comunidad local. Se indagará en la definición de sus Valores Universales Excepcionales (VUE) potenciales, sus atributos y posibles límites.This study aims to analyse the trajectory of the Heritage Zone, as a recently created and reduced application figure through the case of the Riotinto-Nerva Mining Basin. The unique landscape and legal characteristics of this Asset of Cultural Interest make this study an opportunity to advance in future statements. The evolution of the legislative panorama of heritage, including this novel preservation figure, raises the need to evaluate its result in terms of heritage management. In the concurrence of a series of heritage agents and with the coexistence of different regulations and previous inscriptions, it is considered necessary to analyse the plurality of actions proposed by the administration, including fundamental aspects such as management, the evolution in the perception of the different heritage elements, their social appreciation or the dissemination strategies applied since their registration. The Riotinto-Nerva Mining Basin is one of the oldest and most representative mining sites in the world. It is also proposed that the guidelines necessary for its inscription on the World Heritage List be further developed, justifying its exceptional character by its colouring, toponymic differentiation and identity landmark for the local community. The definition of its potential Outstanding Universal Values (OUV), their attributes and possible limits will be investigated

Política e identidade cultural na América Latina

O volume é o resultado de um seminário internacional realizado na UNESP no âmbito de um programa de formação redes de historiadores latino-americanos. O conteúdo se desenvolve em torno de duas questões fundamentais: as identidades culturais e a política latino-americana durante o século XX. A identidade cultural é tratada sob diversos ângulos, que vão do exame das representações da nação e do continente latino-americano, ao estudo da produção artística e dos meios de comunicação de massa. Por sua vez, os fenômenos políticos, as relações internacionais e a economia são estudados em conexão com o problema das identidades coletivas na America Latina. Os textos encontram-se organizados em três partes: Intelectuais e Identidades; Cultura Visual e Produção de Imaginários; Processo Político e Relações Internacionais no Cone Su