Prefácio para a reedição de Pedagogia do oprimido, de Paulo Freire

Trata-se da apresentação a um dos livros mais importantes de Paulo Freire, e mais conhecidos. O autor analisa com profundidade o contexto e as questões de onde emanam as ideias centrais das propostas de uma educação popular comprometida com as necessidades da população mais pobre.The article introduces one of Paulo Freire’s most important and best known books. The author analyzes in depth the context and the issues from which emerge the central ideas of the proposals for a popular education committed to the needs of the poorest

A comparison of human measurements with Caco-2 cell and algorithm predictions

PRIFPRI3; Nutrition+; Breeding for Nutrition+; IS

Prefácio para a reedição de Pedagogia do oprimido, de Paulo Freire

Resumo Trata-se da apresentação a um dos livros mais importantes de Paulo Freire, e mais conhecidos. O autor analisa com profundidade o contexto e as questões de onde emanam as ideias centrais das propostas de uma educação popular comprometida com as necessidades da população mais pobre

Iron bioavailability from maize and beans: a comparison of human measurements with Caco-2 cell and algorithm predictions

Background: An in vitro digestion and Caco-2 cell model may predict iron bioavailability to humans; however, direct comparisons are lacking. Objective: The objective was to test the differences in iron bioavailability between 2 maize varieties and 2 bean varieties (white beans and colored beans) by comparing human, Caco-2, and algorithm results. Design: Two randomized, 2 × 2 factorial experiments compared women's iron absorption from 2 maize varieties (ACR and TZB; n = 26) and 2 bean varieties (great northern and pinto; n = 13), each fed with and without ascorbic acid (AA) from orange juice. Nonheme iron bioavailability was determined from 2-wk retention of extrinsic radioiron tracers and was compared with Caco-2 cell and algorithm results from identical meals. Results: Without AA supplementation, women absorbed only about 2% of the iron from the maize or bean meals. The results were unaffected by the variety of either maize or beans. Adding AA (15–20 molar ratios of AA:iron) roughly tripled the iron absorption (P < 0.0001) from all test meals. Although the Caco-2 model predicted a slightly improved bioavailability of iron from ACR maize than from TZB maize (P < 0.05), it accurately predicted relative iron absorption from the maize meals. However, the Caco-2 model inaccurately predicted both a considerable difference between bean varieties (P < 0.0001) and a strong interaction between bean varieties and enhancement by AA (P < 0.0001). The algorithm method was more qualitatively than quantitatively useful and requires further development to accurately predict the influence of polyphenols on iron absorption. Conclusions: Caco-2 predictions confirmed human iron absorption results for maize meals but not for bean meals, and algorithm predictions were only qualitatively predictive