Perancangan Dashboard Mobil Pedesaan Multiguna

Mobil GEA yang merupakan mobil nasional akan dikembangkan menjadi mobil pedesaan multiguna. Salah satu bagian dalam mobil GEA yang menjadi perhatian adalah dashboard. Selama ini dashboard mobil GEA diproduksi secara manual, yaitu menggunakan proses wet lay-up dengan bahan komposit. Rencana ke depan produksi mobil pedesaan multiguna adalah produksi massa. Untuk memenuhi kebutuhan tersebut dirancang proses cetakan injeksi plastik (injection molding) untuk pembuatan dashboard mobil pedesaan multiguna. Dibuat dua buah konsep dashboard, yaitu konsep A dan konsep B yang mengacu pada list of requirements. Simulasi pembebanan dan proses injection molding dengan material acrylonitrile butadiene styrene dilakukan pada kedua konsep tersebut. Beban yang diberikan adalah beban statis sebesar 100 N pada bagian atas dashboard dan 50 N pada masing-masing laci dashboard. Dari hasil perancangan, khususnya proses scoring ditetapkan konsep B sebagai alternatif dashboard untuk mobil pedesaan multiguna. Dari hasil simulasi pembebanan yang dilakukan, didapatkan nilai tegangan maksimal yang terjadi pada dashboard adalah 1.35 MPa dengan defleksi sebesar 0.237 mm. Sedangkan dari hasil simulasi proses injection molding didapatkan waktu produksi tiap dashboard adalah 246 detik (4.1 menit) dengan gaya cekam maksimal 2370 ton

New national and regional bryophyte records, 69

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Grimmia ramondii (Grimmiaceae, Bryopsida) for the second time recorded in Turkey and southwestern Asia

Grimmia ramondii (Lam and DC.) Margad (Grimmiaceae) is recorded for the second time in Turkey. Additionally it is new to southwestern Asia with the exception of Turkey. The specimen was collected during a botanical field trip in the Hatila Valley National Park (Artvin-Turkey) in 2006. Illustrated descriptions of the species along with a short note on the species and its distribution in and outside Turkey are provided. © 2008 Asian Network for Scientific Information

The epiphytic bryophyte flora and vegetation of boraboy and destek forests (Amasya, Turkey)

In this study, epiphytic bryophyte flora and vegetation were investigated of Boraboy and Destek forests in Amasya province (Turkey). A total of 22 bryophyte taxa (19 mosses, 3 liverworts) were recorded in the research site. As a result of the investigation of 32 sampling releves taken from the trunks by the Braun-Blanquet method, two epiphytic bryophyte associations (Orthotrichetum pallentisand Orthotrichetum striati) belonging to the Ulotion crispaealliance were detected. Among these syntaxa Orthotrichetum pallentiswas recorded for the first time from Turkey. Furthermore, the life forms and life strategies spectrum in syntaxa were analyzed. Analysis result indicates a distinct correlation between life forms, strategies and ecological conditions of the area. Weft and cushion are dominant life forms, Perennial stayers with high sexual reproductive effort is dominant life strategy in the syntaxa. In addition, the ecological characteristics of bryophyte taxa were evaluated. According to these results the largest number of epiphytic bryophytes in the area are mesophytic, sciophyte and subneutrophyte. © 2017, Pakistan Botanical Society. All rights reserved

Brotherella and Encalypta species new to Turkey, Mediterranean and Southwest Asia

WOS: 000377116600011The genus Brotherella Loeske ex Fleisch., B. erythrocaulis (Mitt.) Fleisch. (Sematophyllaceae) and Encalypta pilifera Funck in Sturm (Encalyptaceae) were reported for the first time from Turkey. These are also new records for the Mediterranean, the Middle East and Southwest Asia. The record of B. erythrocaulis is from Artvin region (Turkey), and that of E. pilifera is based on collections from Afyon, Burdur, Igdir and Izmir regions (Turkey). Descriptions, illustrations, geographic distribution, diagnostic characters of the species and comparisons with morphologically similar taxa are presented.TUBITAKTurkiye Bilimsel ve Teknolojik Arastirma Kurumu (TUBITAK) [111T857, 108T566]This study was supported by TUBITAK (projects 111T857 and 108T566)

Essential oil analysis and antimicrobial activity of neckera complanata (Hedw.) huebener and neckera crispa Hedw. (Neckeraceae) grown in Turkey

In this work, the essential oils obtained by hydrodistillation from Neckera complanata (Hedw.) Huebener and Neckera crispa Hedw (Neckeraceae) were analyzed by GC-FID and GC-MS. Twenty-one compounds in the oil of N. complanata, representing 71.61 % and forty-two compounds in the oil of N. crispa, representing 82.12 %, were identified. The essential oil of N. crispa was rich in terpenes (58.68 %) with ?-phellandrene (20.00 %), camphene (10.36 %), ?-bisabolene-E (5.51 %) and ?-pinene (3.49 %) as the major components, respectively. 3-Octanone (22.26 %) and limonene (2.97 %) were the major constituents of the essential oil of N. complanata. The antimicrobial activities of the isolated essential oils of the mosses were also investigated. The essential oil of N. complanata showed only moderate antibacterial activities against Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus faecalis and Bacillus cereus with 576 ?g/mL (each). But all the oils showed good antimycotic activity against Candida albicans with in the range of 573-576 ?g/mL, respectively. The aim of this work was to characterize the variation in the essential oil composition of N. complanata and N. crispa grown in Turkey and to identify environmental factors associated with differences in essential oil composition as well as to evaluate their antimicrobial activity

Antimicrobial activity and chemical composition of the essential oils of mosses (Hylocomium splendens (Hedw.) Schimp. and Leucodon sciuroides (Hedw.) Schwägr.) growing in Turkey

In the present work, the volatiles of mosses [Hylocomium splendens (Hedw.) Schimp. (Hylocomiaceae) and Leucodon sciuroides (Hedw.) Schwägr. (Leucodontaceae)] have been investigated by GC-FID and GC/MS. Fifty-eight compounds in the oil of H. splendens, representing 75.4%, and 41 compounds in the oil of L. sciuroides, representing 87.6%, were identified. The major components were found to be ? -pinene (11.6%) and a-pinene (8.9%) in the oil of H. splendens, and nonanal (26.8%) and heptanal (13.7%) in the oil of L. sciuroides. The essential oil of H. splendens was rich in monoterpenes (30.8%), and aldehydes (49.9%) were the major constituents in the oil of L. sciuroides. The antimicrobial activities of the isolated essential oils of the mosses were also investigated. The essential oil of H. splendens showed antibacterial activities against Escherichia coli, Yersinia pseudotuberculosis, Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus faecalis, Bacillus cereus, Mycobacterium smegmatis, and the fungus Candida albicans with minimum inhibition concentrations in the range of 428-857 ?g/mL, respectively. The oil of L. sciuroides only showed activity against fungus C. albicans (711 ?g/mL). © TÜBITAK

Volatiles and Antimicrobial Activity of the Essential Oils of the Mosses Pseudoscleropodium purum, Eurhynchium striatum, and Eurhynchium angustirete Grown in Turkey

The chemical composition of the essential oils from all parts of Pseudoscleropodium purum, Eurhynchium striatum and Eurhynchium angustirete were analysed by GC-FID-MS. Sixty-five, thirty-four and seven compounds, accounting for 99.7%, 97.3% and 99.9% of the oils, were identified and the main components were ?-pinene (16.1%), 3-octanone (48.1%), and eicosane (28.6%), respectively. The essential oils were also tested against nine strains using a broth microdilution method and showed moderate antimicrobial activity with minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) ranging from 278.2 to 2225 µg/mL. All the mosses essential oils showed good antituberculosis activity against Mycobacterium smegmatis with MIC of 278.2-312.0 µg/mL. © 2015 ACG Publications. All rights reserved

The epiphytic bryophyte flora and vegetation of Zonguldak-GÖbÜ village (Northwest Turkey)

The epiphytic bryophyte flora and vegetation of the Zonguldak-Göbü village was investigated in this study. Between the years 2012-2013, as a result of identification of the 236 epiphytic bryophyte samples collected from the trunks of trees; total of 29 taxa (8 liverworts, 21 mosses) belonging to 23 genera and 17 families were determined. As a result of evaluation of the 33 relevés taken from the trunk of trees by Braun-Blanquet method, the Plagiothecietum neglecti association, Pylaisietum polyanthae typicum and Pylaisietum polyanthae -lophocoleetosum heterophyllae subassociation are identified. From these syntaxa, Plagiothecietum neglecti has been reported for the first time in Turkey, in addition Pylaisietum polyanthae -lophocoleetosum heterophyllae subassociation is new for knowledge. The life forms and life strategies of syntaxa examined in terms of ecological and floristic have been analyzed. Mat and weft are dominant of the life forms while Ag is dominant of the life strategies. In addition, the most taxa of floristic list are determimed mesophytic, sciophyt and acidic as a character. © 2015, Pakistan Botanical Society. All rights reserved