Профилактика болезней периодонта на начальных этапах ортодонтического лечения

ПЕРИОДОНТА БОЛЕЗНИБРЕКЕТ-СИСТЕМЫСТОМАТОЛОГИЯ ЛЕЧЕБНО-ВОССТАНОВИТЕЛЬНАЯОРТОДОНТИЧЕСКАЯ СТОМАТОЛОГИЯГЕКСАЛИЗГИНГИВИ

The PAMELA Storage and Control Unit

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Assessing architectural evolution: A case study

This is the post-print version of the Article. The official published can be accessed from the link below - Copyright @ 2011 SpringerThis paper proposes to use a historical perspective on generic laws, principles, and guidelines, like Lehman’s software evolution laws and Martin’s design principles, in order to achieve a multi-faceted process and structural assessment of a system’s architectural evolution. We present a simple structural model with associated historical metrics and visualizations that could form part of an architect’s dashboard. We perform such an assessment for the Eclipse SDK, as a case study of a large, complex, and long-lived system for which sustained effective architectural evolution is paramount. The twofold aim of checking generic principles on a well-know system is, on the one hand, to see whether there are certain lessons that could be learned for best practice of architectural evolution, and on the other hand to get more insights about the applicability of such principles. We find that while the Eclipse SDK does follow several of the laws and principles, there are some deviations, and we discuss areas of architectural improvement and limitations of the assessment approach

Sintomas depressivos entre alunos de graduação: levantamento em instituição de ensino do interior do Rio de Janeiro

Várias pesquisas de identificação de sintomas depressivos em universitários apontam um índice elevado de desenvolvimento da patologia durante a vida acadêmica. Estima-se que 15% a 25% dos estudantes apresentam algum tipo de transtorno psiquiátrico durante sua formação acadêmica. Os objetivos desta iniciação científica foram identificar o índice de prevalência de depressão entre alunos das diversas áreas, através de aplicação de inventário apropriado, verificar diferença de incidência da patologia de acordo com a área e produzir conhecimento para atuação psicoprofilática. Foi aplicado, durante 2009 e 2010, o Inventário de Depressão de Beck em voluntários de 19 cursos de uma IES do interior do estado do RJ. A escala consiste de 21 itens, categorizando os resultados em níveis. Foram respondidos 423 inventários (7.2% da população total). Os resultados indicam que 74,4% dos alunos encontram-se sem depressão, 19,5% apresentam sintomas depressivos leves, 5,4% depressão moderada e 0,7% depressão severa. O percentual de alunos sem depressão na área de humanas foi de 20,9%, saúde 19,7% e exatas 33,6%. Com sintomas depressivos leves 7,1% na área de humanas, 6,1% saúde e 6,3% exatas. Com depressão moderada 2,3% humanas, 1,4% saúde e 1,6% exatas. Com depressão severa 0,5% humanas, 0,2% saúde, 0% exatas. Analisando por gênero, encontramos em exatas 132 alunos do sexo masculino e 45 do feminino; em humanas 51 alunos do sexo masculino e 78 do feminino, na saúde 48 do sexo masculino e 69 do feminino. Não houve diferença significativa, considerando-se as áreas. Segundo a literatura, a depressão acomete mulheres com maior frequência, o que pode sugerir que a porcentagem maior de alunos sem depressão esteja em exatas, área predominantemente masculina e a presença de depressão, esteja na área de humanas, predominantemente feminina, dados confirmados na análise de gênero

Launch of the Space experiment PAMELA

PAMELA is a satellite borne experiment designed to study with great accuracy cosmic rays of galactic, solar, and trapped nature in a wide energy range protons: 80 MeV-700 GeV, electrons 50 MeV-400 GeV). Main objective is the study of the antimatter component: antiprotons (80 MeV-190 GeV), positrons (50 MeV-270 GeV) and search for antimatter with a precision of the order of 10^-8). The experiment, housed on board the Russian Resurs-DK1 satellite, was launched on June, 15, 2006 in a 350*600 km orbit with an inclination of 70 degrees. The detector is composed of a series of scintillator counters arranged at the extremities of a permanent magnet spectrometer to provide charge, Time-of-Flight and rigidity information. Lepton/hadron identification is performed by a Silicon-Tungsten calorimeter and a Neutron detector placed at the bottom of the device. An Anticounter system is used offline to reject false triggers coming from the satellite. In self-trigger mode the Calorimeter, the neutron detector and a shower tail catcher are capable of an independent measure of the lepton component up to 2 TeV. In this work we describe the experiment, its scientific objectives and the performance in the first months after launch.Comment: Accepted for publication on Advances in Space Researc

“Messina 1908-2008”: Progetto di ricerca integrato per l’area Calabro - Peloritana. L’esperimento di sismica passiva

Il 28 dicembre 1908 un forte terremoto colpì duramente le città di Messina e di Regg io Calabria e molteplici centri abitati limitrofi. L’evento sismico di Mw=7.1 generò un maremoto e causò circa 100.000 morti. Durante il 2008 numerose sono state le iniziative per rievocare tale importante terremoto che è ricordato nella storia come il più forte avvenuto in Italia. Tra le iniziative promosse dall’Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia vi è il progetto di ricerca “Messina 1908-2008” le cui finalità sono far convergere i dati sismici e geodetici g ià a disposizione dei singoli gruppi di ricerca in un’unica banca dati e nel contempo promuoverne l’acquisizione di nuovi. In questo rapporto è descritto l’esperimento di sismica passiva integrato mare-terra iniziato ad ottobre 2007 e ter minato nel gennaio 2010 avente l’obiettivo di acquisire nuovi dati di alta qualità e dettaglio per ottenere una migliore definizione della microsismicità locale. Ciò consentirà di raggiungere una migliore comprensione di come inter ag iscano il processo di subduzione e le dinamiche superficiali nell’area dell’arco Calabro Peloritano ed in particolare nello stretto di Messina

PAMELA - A Payload for Antimatter Matter Exploration and Light-nuclei Astrophysics

The PAMELA experiment is a satellite-borne apparatus designed to study charged particles in the cosmic radiation with a particular focus on antiparticles. PAMELA is mounted on the Resurs DK1 satellite that was launched from the Baikonur cosmodrome on June 15th 2006. The PAMELA apparatus comprises a time-of-flight system, a magnetic spectrometer, a silicon-tungsten electromagnetic calorimeter, an anticoincidence system, a shower tail catcher scintillator and a neutron detector. The combination of these devices allows antiparticles to be reliably identified from a large background of other charged particles. This paper reviews the design, space qualification and on-ground performance of PAMELA. The in-orbit performance will be discussed in future publications.The PAMELA experiment is a satellite-borne apparatus designed to study charged particles in the cosmic radiation with a particular focus on antiparticles. PAMELA is mounted on the Resurs DK1 satellite that was launched from the Baikonur cosmodrome on June 15th 2006. The PAMELA apparatus comprises a time-of-flight system, a magnetic spectrometer, a silicon-tungsten electromagnetic calorimeter, an anticoincidence system, a shower tail catcher scintillator and a neutron detector. The combination of these devices allows antiparticles to be reliably identified from a large background of other charged particles. This paper reviews the design, space qualification and on-ground performance of PAMELA. The in-orbit performance will be discussed in future publications

Monitoring of risk perceptions and correlates of precautionary behaviour related to human avian influenza during 2006 - 2007 in the Netherlands: results of seven consecutive surveys

BACKGROUND: Avian influenza (AI) is a public health challenge because of ongoing spread and pandemic potential. Non-pharmaceutical measures are important to prevent the spread of AI and to contain a pandemic. The effectiveness of such measures is largely dependent on the behaviour of the population. Risk perception is a central element in changing behaviour. This study aimed to investigate perceived vulnerability, severity and precautionary behaviour related to AI in the Netherlands during seven consecutive surveys in 2006 - 2007 as well as possible trends in risk perception and self-reported precautionary behaviours. METHODS: Seven web-based surveys were conducted including 3,840 respondents over a one-year period. Time trends were analyzed with linear regression analyses. Multivariate analysis was used to study determinants of precautionary behaviour. RESULTS: While infection with AI was considered a very severe health problem with mean score of 4.57 (scale 1 - 5); perceived vulnerability was much lower, with a mean score of 1.69. While perceived severity remained high, perceived vulnerability decreased slightly during a one-year period covering part of 2006 and 2007. Almost half of the respondents (46%) reported taking one or more preventive measures, with 36% reporting to have stayed away from (wild) birds or poultry. In multivariate logistic regression analysis the following factors were significantly associated with taking preventive measures: time of the survey, higher age, lower level of education, non-Dutch ethnicity, vaccinated against influenza, higher perceived severity, higher perceived vulnerability, higher self efficacy, lower level of knowledge, more information about AI, and thinking more about AI. Self efficacy was a stronger predictor of precautionary behaviour for those who never or seldom think about AI (OR 2.3, 95% CI 1.9 - 2.7), compared to those who think about AI more often (OR 1.5, 95% CI 1.2 - 1.9). CONCLUSIONS: The fact that perceived severity of AI appears to be high and remains so over time offers a good point of departure for more specific risk communications to promote precautionary actions. Such communications should aim at improving knowledge about the disease and preventive actions, and focus on perceived personal vulnerability and self efficacy in taking preventive measures

Earthquake rupture forecasts for the mps19 seismic hazard model of Italy

In recent years, new approaches for developing earthquake rupture forecasts (ERFs) have been proposed to be used as an input for probabilistic seismic hazard assessment (PSHA). Zone-based approaches with seismicity rates derived from earthquake catalogs are commonly used in many countries as the standard for national seismic hazard models. In Italy, a single zone-based ERF is currently the basis for the official seismic hazard model. In this contribution, we present eleven new ERFs, including five zone-based, two smoothed seismicity-based, two fault-based, and two geodetic-based, used for a new PSH model in Italy. The ERFs were tested against observed seismicity and were subject to an elicitation procedure by a panel of PSHA experts to verify the scientific robustness and consistency of the forecasts with respect to the observations. Tests and elicitation were finalized to weight the ERFs. The results show a good response to the new inputs to observed seismicity in the last few centuries. The entire approach was a first attempt to build a community-based set of ERFs for an Italian PSHA model. The project involved a large number of seismic hazard practitioners, with their knowledge and experience, and the development of different models to capture and explore a large range of epistemic uncertainties in building ERFs, and represents an important step forward for the new national seismic hazard model