CONSTRUÇÃO DE CASO INVESTIGATIVO DE LABORATÓRIO PARA A PROMOÇÃO DO PENSAMENTO CRÍTICO EM AULAS DE QUÍMICA

In science education, it is necessary to plan classes to promote Critical Thinking, with the objective of training young people to use scientific knowledge in their decision-making, overcoming naive beliefs and fallacious information present in the social environment. This research presents the analysis of an investigative case whose objective is to contribute to the expansion of Chemistry teaching practices that seek the development of Critical Thinking. The case was built from an educational design process and was analyzed in order to show some of its characteristics favorable to the development of Critical Thinking. It was observed, from the research process, that the case has the potential to generate empathy in students for telling a story that emerges from their realities, intensifying the subjects' engagement in decision making and, consequently, promoting Critical Thinking.En la educación científica es necesario planificar clases para promover el Pensamiento Crítico, con el fin de capacitar a los jóvenes para que utilicen los conocimientos científicos en la toma de decisiones, superando creencias ingenuas e información falsa presente en el entorno social. Esta investigación presenta el análisis de un caso de investigación cuyo objetivo es contribuir a la expansión de las prácticas de enseñanza de la Química que buscan el desarrollo del Pensamiento Crítico. El caso se construyó a partir de un proceso de diseño educativo y se analizó con el fin de mostrar algunas de sus características favorables al desarrollo del Pensamiento Crítico. Se observó, desde el proceso de investigación, que el caso tiene el potencial de generar empatía en los estudiantes al contar una historia que surge de sus realidades, intensificando la participación de los sujetos en la toma de decisiones y, en consecuencia, promoviendo el Pensamiento Crítico.No ensino de Ciências, observa-se a necessidade de planejar aulas para promover o Pensamento Crítico, busca-se, com isso, formar jovens que utilizem conhecimentos científicos nas suas tomadas de decisão, superando crenças ingênuas e informações falaciosas presentes no meio social. Esta pesquisa apresenta a análise de caso investigativo e experimental, ou caso investigativo de laboratório, cujo objetivo é contribuir para a ampliação de práticas de ensino de Química que busquem a promoção do Pensamento Crítico. O caso foi construído a partir de um processo de design educacional e foi analisado a fim de mostrar algumas de suas características favoráveis ao desenvolvimento do Pensamento Crítico. Foi observado, a partir do processo de pesquisa, que o caso possui potencialidade para gerar empatia nos alunos uma vez que conta uma história que emerge de suas realidades, intensificando o engajamento dos sujeitos na tomada de decisão e, consequentemente, promovendo o Pensamento Crítico

Chemical Restraining and Electroejaculation Protocols for Semen Collection in White-Lipped Peccary (Tayassu pecari)

Background: In order to reverse the White-lipped peccary decline, besides protecting its habitat and controlling hunting, it is necessary a captive breeding program. There are reports, however, on the low fertility of white-lipped peccary, making it difficult its reproduction in captivity, making artificial insemination one of the main tools to prevent the loss of genetic diversity of species kept in captivity. Information on safe methods of anesthesia and the collection of semen should be investigated. Therefore, we aimed to compare the effects of the anesthetic protocols acepromazine/ketamine and xylazine/ketamine, as well as electroejaculation protocols, for semen collection in white-lipped peccary (Tayassu pecari).Materials, Methods & Results: Twelve adult male white-lipped peccaries were submitted both to the xylazine/ketamine and acepromazine/ketamine anesthetic protocols. The anesthetic induction time and duration, the degree of muscle relaxation, the time for anesthetic recovery and the quality of the animals’ recovery were evaluated. Additionally, the quality of the sedation was evaluated based on the animal’s behavior. We also evaluated the effect of drugs on erectile functions as well as the efficiency of three electroejaculation protocols with increasing or fixed voltages (2 to 4 V; 5 to 12 V; 12 V). The acepromazine/ketamine combination promotes shorter induction time, duration and recovery from anesthesia than the xylazine/ketamine association. There were no differences, however, between the tested anesthetic protocols in relation to heart rate, respiratory rate and temperature. Ejaculate was obtained from only 2 animals when using the xylazine/ketamine protocol and adoption of stimuli between 5 and 12 V, with 10 stimuli at each voltage. In turn, ejaculate was obtained from four animals submitted to the acepromazine/ketamine protocol, three of them with the adoption of stimuli between 5 and 12 V and one with the adoption of fixed 12 V stimuli, with 45 stimuli at this single voltage.Discussion: The animals presented less deep anesthesia and, consequently, worse indicators of well-being during and after the collection procedures when submitted to the xylazine/ketamine protocol compared to the acepromazine/ketamine protocol. When submitted to the acepromazine/ketamine protocol, the animals allowed the observer to approach and handle them, facilitating handling and collection of semen, in addition to promoting better indicators of animal welfare. Also, with this aforementioned protocol, the animals showed better anesthetic return. For both anesthetic protocols, the protocol of increasing stimuli from 5 to 12 V, with 10 stimuli at each voltage, resulted in penile erection and in obtaining ejaculate in a greater number of animals in relation to the other electroejaculation protocols. In turn, the use of the growing protocol 2 V to 4 V did not even cause an erection in any of the 12 animals. From the ejaculates collected from the white-lipped peccary, volumes (0.2 to 1.0 mL) and average sperm concentration (379.1 x 106 sperm/mL) were comparatively higher than those from Pecari tajacu. The white-lipped peccary (Tayassu pecari) is considered an aggressive animal, and this characteristic can explain the relatively low success in obtaining ejaculates, as aggressiveness is directly related to stress, which is an antagonist of ejaculation. Thus, we proposed to test chemical restraint with the aid of a blowgun in future studies

CONSORT compliance in randomized surgical trials assessing the analgesic and anti-inflammatory effectiveness of preoperative drug management of patients undergoing mandibular third molar surgery:a scoping review

Investigate methodological quality of clinical trials in mandibular third molar surgery and its compliance with the consort statement. An electronic search was performed in five journal websites, chose the five scientific journals with the greatest impact factor in oral and maxillofacial surgery according to the SCImago Journal Rank. The compliance of studies with the CONSORT statement was assessed. Also, the risk of bias of each study was evaluated. Twenty-nine studies were included. The average CONSORT compliance score was 25.50 (79.68%). Most studies were performed in the Americas (n = 14, 48.3%) and Asia (n = 10, 34.5%). Parallel-group (n=15, 51.7%) and split-mouth RCTs (n=11, 38%) were the most prevalent study design. An inverse correlation was observed between the year of publication and the number of Scopus citations (p<0.001), time between acceptance and publication (p<0.001), and time between study completion and publication (p=0.040). Understanding the correct use of guidelines, such as the CONSORT statement, is necessary to reduce methodological errors and possible bias, thereby ensuring reliable knowledge dissemination

ISOLAMENTO E IDENTIFICAÇÃO DE MICRORGANISMOS PRESENTES EM SUPERFÍCIES DE TECLADOS E MOUSES DE UMA UNIVERSIDADE DE TRÊS LAGOAS, MS

Objetos do cotidiano podem ser importantes veículos para transmissão de microrganismos. Objetivamos estudar a ocorrência de microrganismos em teclados e mouses de computadores de uma instituição ensino superior. Swabs umedecidos com solução salina foram friccionados sob as superfícies dos teclados e mouses e utilizados para semear em meios de cultura específicos para isolamento de bactérias e fungos. Observamos um grande número de bactérias isoladas, principalmente dos gêneros: Staphylococcus ssp, Streptococcus spp, Enterococcus spp, Corynebacterium spp, Klebsiella spp, Escherichia ssp., entre outros bacilos gram negativos. Interessantemente, foram isolados cepas de Gardnerella spp e Legionella spp. Dentre os fungos, observamos 30 espécies de fungos diferentes, principalmente dos gêneros: Absidia sp, Acremonium sp, Aspergillus sp, Candida sp, Fusarium sp, Geotrichum sp, Malassezia sp, Microsporum sp, Pinicillum sp, Rhodotorula sp, Trichoderma sp, Trichophyton sp e Tricosporum sp. Deste modo, concluímos que estes objetos podem ser importantes veículos de transmissão de microrganismos para seres humanos

Valores Pessoais Envolvidos na Escolha de um Curso Superior: Análise Utilizando a Abordagem Meio-Fim

The investigation the reasons for choice of products and services by consumers stands out as relevant in the area of ​​market studies, as well as notes management for any organization. Through the Theory of Means-End Chain proposed by Gutman (1982), which relates the "means" (attributes and benefits) linked to the consumption of products or services with the "ends" in terms of personal values ​​achieved, it is possible understand of the meanings that consumers attribute the choice of products and services in a more abstract level. Thus, the objective of this study is to understand what aspects, considering attributes, consequences and personal values ​​guide the behavior of students in choosing the nursing course at a private institution of higher education. Based on the theory mentioned it was adopted the technique laddering, in-depth interview and analysis methodology and representation of the hierarchical value map, which was interpreted and analyzed in order to understand the cognitive structure of students’ choice.The analysis of the results indicate that students are guided primarily by hedonistic values​​ of happiness itself the choice of nursing in college studied.A investigação dos motivos da escolha por produtos e serviços pelos consumidores destaca-se como relevante na área de estudos mercadológicos, bem como de apontamentos gerenciais para qualquer organização. Por meio da Teoria da Cadeia Meios-Fins proposta por Gutman (1982), a qual relaciona os “meios” (atributos e benefícios) ligados ao consumo de produtos ou serviços com os “fins” em termos de valores pessoais alcançados, é possível compreender melhor os significados que os consumidores atribuem durante a escolha de produtos e serviços em um nível mais abstrato. Desse modo, o objetivo deste estudo foi compreender que aspectos, considerando atributos, consequências e valores pessoais, norteiam o comportamento de estudantes no momento da escolha do curso de Enfermagem em uma Instituição de Ensino Superior privada. Tomando como base a teoria mencionada, adotou-se a técnica de entrevista em profundidade laddering e a metodologia de análise e representação do mapa hierárquico de valores, o qual foi interpretado e analisado visando compreender a estrutura cognitiva da escolha dos estudantes. As análises dos resultados indicam que os estudantes se pautaram, principalmente, por valores hedônicos de felicidade própria para a escolha do curso de Enfermagem na faculdade estudada.

Avaliação da mortalidade de uma UTI de Sergipe segundo escore fisiológico agudo simplificado (SAPS 3)

Justificativa e Objetivos: a avaliação da gravidade dos pacientes admitidos e a suposição de prognósticos são características essenciais na medicina intensiva. O objetivo deste artigo é descrever o perfil epidemiológico e avaliar a mortalidade dos pacientes de uma Unidade de Terapia Intensiva (UTI) segundo o cálculo do índice prognóstico Simplified Acute Physiology Score (SAPS) 3 por meio da sua equação global e da customizada para a América Latina. Métodos: trata-se de um coorte prospectivo realizado em uma UTI de Sergipe, com casos ocorridos entre setembro de 2018 e março de 2019. Os dados clínicos, demográficos e parâmetros para o cálculo do escore foram coletados em prontuários. A Standardized Mortality Ratio (SMR), a discriminação e a calibração foram calculadas para ambas as equações. Resultados: foram incluídos 78 pacientes, sendo 60% do sexo masculino. A idade média foi 61,7 ± 17,2 anos. As infecções respiratórias foram a principais causas de internação (32,1%). O menor valor do SAPS 3 foi 13, e o maior, 90, com média de 65,9 ± 25,5. A mortalidade observada foi de 61,5%, e a média presumida foi de 47,4% pela equação global (SMR= 1,3) e 57,8% pela customizada (SMR= 1,04). O SAPS 3 demonstrou discriminação e calibração adequada. Conclusão: foi identificada uma alta taxa de mortalidade no estudo, no entanto a média do escore SAPS 3 encontrado foi superior à maioria das publicações. O perfil epidemiológico encontrado mostrou-se próximo aos de outras unidades semelhantes. Ambas as equações apresentaram calibração e discriminação adequadas, com desempenho superior da equação customizada

Prevalence of oral mucosal lesions in a brazilian military police population

Background: Data obtained from oral health surveys are very important for identifying disease-susceptible groups and for developing dental care and prevention programs. So, the purpose of the current article was to investigate the prevalence of oral mucosa lesions (OMLs) in a population of Brazilian police. Material and Methods: Interviews and oral cavity examinations were performed on a sample of 395 police officers who were randomly selected by the calibrated researcher. The number of individuals was obtained by a sample calculation using the finite population correction. The diagnostic criteria were based on the WHO (1997) criteria and adapted to Brazilian surveys. Results: In total, 8.61% of the population presented some OML. Traumatic injuries and benign migratory glossitis (BMG) were the most prevalent lesions. Conclusions: The prevalence of potentially malignant disorders was lower than among the Brazilian population. The most prevalent lesion among the police officers was related to trauma. Patients dissatisfied with oral health had a higher risk of presenting OMLs