Análisis de alternativas para medición a distancia

En este trabajo se evalúan tres alternativas para poder realizar una medición a distancia de variables meteorológicas. Actualmente las mediciones se efectúan dependiendo de la disponibilidad de un lecturista, un transporte hasta el punto de lectura y el equipamiento portable para obtener dichas lecturas. Las alternativas que se analizan evitan la combinación de la metodología anterior y permiten obtener los datos con retardos de apenas segundos. Para utilizar nuevas tecnologías de medición evalúan tres alternativas, Profibus, Enlace satelital y tecnología GPRS/GSM

Análisis de alternativas para medición a distancia

En este trabajo se evalúan tres alternativas para poder realizar una medición a distancia de variables meteorológicas. Actualmente las mediciones se efectúan dependiendo de la disponibilidad de un lecturista, un transporte hasta el punto de lectura y el equipamiento portable para obtener dichas lecturas. Las alternativas que se analizan evitan la combinación de la metodología anterior y permiten obtener los datos con retardos de apenas segundos. Para utilizar nuevas tecnologías de medición evalúan tres alternativas, Profibus, Enlace satelital y tecnología GPRS/GSM.Centro de Técnicas Analógico-Digitale

Modelo para programación de operaciones en la fabricación de cajas de cartón corrugado

En este trabajo se presenta un nuevo acercamiento al problema del refile o desperdicio, con el objetivo primordial de programar la producción de cajas corrugadas teniendo en cuenta el desperdicio generado y la utilización del corrugador. Como complemento a la programación del corrugador se implementa un heurístico de despacho para programación de máquinas restrictivas, con el fin de lograr un modelo global que involucre todas las máquinas que intervienen en el proceso de producción. En la primera etapa de la investigación se formuló y validó un modelo no-lineal que resuelve el problema del desperdicio por refile al encontrar las mejores combinaciones de pedidos a ser acomodados en la lámina de cartón. En la segunda etapa se implementó un heurístico de despacho, con el fin de obtener un programa de las operaciones de acabado.Como resultado de esta integración se obtuvo un modelo global de programación que reduce la incertidumbre del desperdicio derivado de conformar combinaciones de pedidos para aprovechar el ancho de la lámina de cartón, durante la programación del corrugador, y permite integrar la programación de éste con las operaciones de acabado al utilizar el heurístico de despacho. Esto último garantiza un flujo de materiales en función de la máquina restrictiva teniendo como objetivo la fecha de entrega de un pedido

Treatment of children obesity and diabetes through gamification

Childhood obesity is nowadays a global epidemic. This illness sometimes comes with another associated problem, like Diabetes type II. In this paper we present a case of study about the results of the application of a gamified educational program. A 3-year longitudinal and prospective study was conducted a patient with obesity and diabetes. Different assessments regarding the health state of the patient have been developed (family background, physical/medical, emotional state and physical activity). Using Positive outcomes have been obtained in their medical registers and also, in their health habits. Thus, the application of gamification strategies in the educational program has positive impact in the health

Costo-efectividad de la vacunación universal antineumocócica en Uruguay

Objetivo. Evaluar la relación costo-efectividad del programa de vacunación universal con la vacuna antineumocócica conjugada heptavalente (VCN7) en niños menores de 5 años en Uruguay. Métodos. Se desarrolló un modelo Markov simulando una cohorte de 48 000 niños nacidos en 2007 y su evolución hasta los 76 años de edad. El caso base usó un esquema de tres dosis con una duración estimada de protección de cinco años. La presunción de eficacia y efectividad de la vacuna se realizó acorde con estudios realizados en Estados Unidos con ajuste a la prevalenciaincidencia de serotipos en Uruguay. Los resultados se expresaron como costo incremental por año de vida ganado (AVG) y por año de vida [ganado] ajustado por calidad (AVAC). Resultados. Para el caso base, el costo incremental fue de US$7 334,6 por AVG y US$ 4 655,8 por AVAC, previniéndose 8 muertes y 4 882 casos de otitis, 56 bacteriemias-sepsis, 429 neumonías y 7 meningitis. El modelo muestra sensibilidad a variaciones en eficacia, costo de la vacuna y tasa de mortalidad por neumonía. Conclusiones. El programa de vacunación universal con VCN7 en Uruguay es altamente costo-efectivo y, en consecuencia, recomendable para otros países con carga de enfermedad neumocócica y cobertura de serotipos similares a Uruguay

PROVITAO: a research program based on active games for help the abulatory treatment of childhood obesity

Childhood obesity is the most prevalent chronic disease in developed and developing countries. Recent studies showed that the Canary Islands are the Spanish region with the highest rate of childhood obesity. However, this disease is easy to prevent, educating children from healthy habits, and, the ICT in general and videogames in particular, represent an opportunity to work towards change. Therefore, this paper presents the design of an educational intervention program to help the ambulatory treatment of childhood obesity. This program is intended for children 8 to 12 years of age with obesity and who come for the first time to the Pediatric Service of the University Hospital of Canaries, and is currently being validated. The partial results show that the satisfaction of the minors with the program is high, emphasizing the focus in games

Impact of interstitial lung disease on the survival of systemic sclerosis with pulmonary arterial hypertension

To assess severity markers and outcomes of patients with systemic sclerosis (SSc) with or without pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH-SSc/non-PAH-SSc), and the impact of interstitial lung disease (ILD) on PAH-SSc. Non-PAH-SSc patients from the Spanish SSc registry and PAH-SSc patients from the Spanish PAH registry were included. A total of 364 PAH-SSc and 1589 non-PAH-SSc patients were included. PAH-SSc patients had worse NYHA-functional class (NYHA-FC), worse forced vital capacity (FVC) (81.2 ± 20.6% vs 93.6 ± 20.6%, P < 0.001), worse tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion (TAPSE) (17.4 ± 5.2 mm vs 19.9 ± 6.7 mm, P < 0.001), higher incidence of pericardial effusion (30% vs 5.2%, P < 0.001) and similar prevalence of ILD (41.8% vs. 44.9%). In individuals with PAH-SSc, ILD was associated with worse hemodynamics and pulmonary function tests (PFT). Up-front combination therapy was used in 59.8% and 61.7% of patients with and without ILD, respectively. Five-year transplant-free survival rate was 41.1% in PAH-SSc patients and 93.9% in non-PAH-SSc patients (P < 0.001). Global survival of PAH-SSc patients was not affected by ILD regardless its severity. The multivariate survival analysis in PAH-SSc patients confirmed age at diagnosis, worse NYHA-FC, increased PVR, reduced DLCO, and lower management with up-front combination therapy as major risk factors. In conclusion, in PAH-SSc cohort risk of death was greatly increased by clinical, PFT, and hemodynamic factors, whereas it was decreased by up-front combination therapy. Concomitant ILD worsened hemodynamics and PFT in PAH-SSc but not survival regardless of FVC impairment

Impact of interstitial lung disease on the survival of systemic sclerosis with pulmonary arterial hypertension

To assess severity markers and outcomes of patients with systemic sclerosis (SSc) with or without pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH-SSc/non-PAH-SSc), and the impact of interstitial lung disease (ILD) on PAH-SSc. Non-PAH-SSc patients from the Spanish SSc registry and PAH-SSc patients from the Spanish PAH registry were included. A total of 364 PAH-SSc and 1589 non-PAH-SSc patients were included. PAH-SSc patients had worse NYHA-functional class (NYHA-FC), worse forced vital capacity (FVC) (81.2 +/- 20.6% vs 93.6 +/- 20.6%, P < 0.001), worse tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion (TAPSE) (17.4 +/- 5.2 mm vs 19.9 +/- 6.7 mm, P < 0.001), higher incidence of pericardial effusion (30% vs 5.2%, P < 0.001) and similar prevalence of ILD (41.8% vs. 44.9%). In individuals with PAH-SSc, ILD was associated with worse hemodynamics and pulmonary function tests (PFT). Up-front combination therapy was used in 59.8% and 61.7% of patients with and without ILD, respectively. Five-year transplant-free survival rate was 41.1% in PAH-SSc patients and 93.9% in non-PAH-SSc patients (P < 0.001). Global survival of PAH-SSc patients was not affected by ILD regardless its severity. The multivariate survival analysis in PAH-SSc patients confirmed age at diagnosis, worse NYHA-FC, increased PVR, reduced DLCO, and lower management with up-front combination therapy as major risk factors. In conclusion, in PAH-SSc cohort risk of death was greatly increased by clinical, PFT, and hemodynamic factors, whereas it was decreased by up-front combination therapy. Concomitant ILD worsened hemodynamics and PFT in PAH-SSc but not survival regardless of FVC impairment

Global, regional, and national burden of disorders affecting the nervous system, 1990–2021: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021

BackgroundDisorders affecting the nervous system are diverse and include neurodevelopmental disorders, late-life neurodegeneration, and newly emergent conditions, such as cognitive impairment following COVID-19. Previous publications from the Global Burden of Disease, Injuries, and Risk Factor Study estimated the burden of 15 neurological conditions in 2015 and 2016, but these analyses did not include neurodevelopmental disorders, as defined by the International Classification of Diseases (ICD)-11, or a subset of cases of congenital, neonatal, and infectious conditions that cause neurological damage. Here, we estimate nervous system health loss caused by 37 unique conditions and their associated risk factors globally, regionally, and nationally from 1990 to 2021.MethodsWe estimated mortality, prevalence, years lived with disability (YLDs), years of life lost (YLLs), and disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs), with corresponding 95% uncertainty intervals (UIs), by age and sex in 204 countries and territories, from 1990 to 2021. We included morbidity and deaths due to neurological conditions, for which health loss is directly due to damage to the CNS or peripheral nervous system. We also isolated neurological health loss from conditions for which nervous system morbidity is a consequence, but not the primary feature, including a subset of congenital conditions (ie, chromosomal anomalies and congenital birth defects), neonatal conditions (ie, jaundice, preterm birth, and sepsis), infectious diseases (ie, COVID-19, cystic echinococcosis, malaria, syphilis, and Zika virus disease), and diabetic neuropathy. By conducting a sequela-level analysis of the health outcomes for these conditions, only cases where nervous system damage occurred were included, and YLDs were recalculated to isolate the non-fatal burden directly attributable to nervous system health loss. A comorbidity correction was used to calculate total prevalence of all conditions that affect the nervous system combined.FindingsGlobally, the 37 conditions affecting the nervous system were collectively ranked as the leading group cause of DALYs in 2021 (443 million, 95% UI 378–521), affecting 3·40 billion (3·20–3·62) individuals (43·1%, 40·5–45·9 of the global population); global DALY counts attributed to these conditions increased by 18·2% (8·7–26·7) between 1990 and 2021. Age-standardised rates of deaths per 100 000 people attributed to these conditions decreased from 1990 to 2021 by 33·6% (27·6–38·8), and age-standardised rates of DALYs attributed to these conditions decreased by 27·0% (21·5–32·4). Age-standardised prevalence was almost stable, with a change of 1·5% (0·7–2·4). The ten conditions with the highest age-standardised DALYs in 2021 were stroke, neonatal encephalopathy, migraine, Alzheimer's disease and other dementias, diabetic neuropathy, meningitis, epilepsy, neurological complications due to preterm birth, autism spectrum disorder, and nervous system cancer.InterpretationAs the leading cause of overall disease burden in the world, with increasing global DALY counts, effective prevention, treatment, and rehabilitation strategies for disorders affecting the nervous system are needed

Modelo para programación de operaciones en la fabricación de cajas de cartón corrugado

En este trabajo se presenta un nuevo acercamiento al problema del refile o desperdicio, con el objetivo primordial de programar la producción de cajas corrugadas teniendo en cuenta el desperdicio generado y la utilización del corrugador. Como complemento a la programación del corrugador se implementa un heurístico de despacho para programación de máquinas restrictivas, con el fin de lograr un modelo global que involucre todas las máquinas que intervienen en el proceso de producción. En la primera etapa de la investigación se formuló y validó un modelo no-lineal que resuelve el problema del desperdicio por refile al encontrar las mejores combinaciones de pedidos a ser acomodados en la lámina de cartón. En la segunda etapa se implementó un heurístico de despacho, con el fin de obtener un programa de las operaciones de acabado.Como resultado de esta integración se obtuvo un modelo global de programación que reduce la incertidumbre del desperdicio derivado de conformar combinaciones de pedidos para aprovechar el ancho de la lámina de cartón, durante la programación del corrugador, y permite integrar la programación de éste con las operaciones de acabado al utilizar el heurístico de despacho. Esto último garantiza un flujo de materiales en función de la máquina restrictiva teniendo como objetivo la fecha de entrega de un pedido