Kaluza-Klein Dark Matter and Galactic Antiprotons

Extra dimensions offer new ways to address long-standing problems in beyond the standard model particle physics. In some classes of extra-dimensional models, the lightest Kaluza-Klein particle is a viable dark matter candidate. In this work, we study indirect detection of Kaluza-Klein dark matter via its annihilation into antiprotons. We use a sophisticated galactic cosmic ray diffusion model whose parameters are fully constrained by an extensive set of experimental data. We discuss how fluxes of cosmic antiprotons can be used to exclude low Kaluza-Klein masses.Comment: 14 pages, 7 figures, 3 table

Antiprotons from spallation of cosmic rays on interstellar matter

Cosmic ray antiprotons provide an important probe for the study of the galactic Dark Matter, as they could be produced by exotic sources. On the other hand, antiprotons are anyway produced by standard nuclear reactions of cosmic ray nuclei on interstellar matter. This process is responsible for a background flux that must be carefully determined to estimate the detectability of an hypothetical exotic signal. Estimates of this background suffer from potential uncertainties of various origins. The propagation of cosmic antiprotons depends on several physical characteristics of the Galaxy which are poorly known. Antiprotons are created from cosmic protons and helium nuclei whose fluxes were not measured with great accuracy until very recently. Calculations of antiproton fluxes make use of nuclear physics models with their own shortcomings and uncertainties. The goal of this paper is to give a new evaluation of the cosmic antiproton flux along with the associated uncertainties. The propagation parameters were tightly constrained in Maurin et al. 2001 by an analysis of cosmic ray nuclei data in the framework of a two-zone diffusion model and we apply these parameters to the propagation of antiprotons. We use the recently published data on proton and helion fluxes, and we find that this particular source of uncertainty has become negligible. The Monte Carlo program DTUNUC was used to carefully examine nuclear reactions. We find that all the cosmic antiproton fluxes naturally coming out of the calculation are fully compatible with experimental data. Uncertainties in this flux have been strongly reduced. Those related to propagation are less than 25%. All other possible sources of uncertainty have also been studied

Galactic Cosmic Ray Nuclei as a Tool for Astroparticle Physics

Cosmic Ray nuclei in the energy range 100 MeV/nuc - 100 GeV/nuc provide crucial information about the physical properties of the Galaxy. They can also be used to answer questions related to astroparticle physics. This paper reviews the results obtained in this direction, with a strong bias towards the work done by the authors at {\sc lapth}, {\sc isn} and {\sc iap}. The propagation of these nuclei is studied quantitatively in the framework of a semi-analytical two-zone diffusion model taking into account the effect of galactic wind, diffuse reacceleration and energy losses. The parameters of this model are severely constrained by an analysis of the observed B/C ratio. These constraints are then used to study other species such as radioactive species and light antinuclei. Finally, we focus on the astroparticle subject and we study the flux of antiprotons and antideuterons that might be due to neutralino annihilations or primordial black hole evaporation. The question of the spatial origin of all these species is also addressed.Comment: 53 pages, review paper. to appear in Research Signposts, "Recent Research Developments in Astrophysics

Identification et localisation des roches et des carrières utilisées dans la construction en Roussillon

Notre projet collectif de recherche sur les matériaux de construction a d’abord été motivé par le souci de donner un débouché utile à la documentation rassemblée au cours de plusieurs années de recherches dans les Pyrénées-Orientales lors d’opérations de terrain ponctuelles, telles les fouilles de Vilarnau (Martzluff 2008), les prospections sur les zones incendiées de Rodez (Martzluff et al. 2009 a et b) ou l’analyse du bâti des monuments historiques de Perpignan, le Palais des rois de Majorq..

RETRATO SIN IDENTIFICAR [Material gráfico]

Copia digital. Madrid : Ministerio de Educación, Cultura y Deporte, 201

LSST: from Science Drivers to Reference Design and Anticipated Data Products

(Abridged) We describe here the most ambitious survey currently planned in the optical, the Large Synoptic Survey Telescope (LSST). A vast array of science will be enabled by a single wide-deep-fast sky survey, and LSST will have unique survey capability in the faint time domain. The LSST design is driven by four main science themes: probing dark energy and dark matter, taking an inventory of the Solar System, exploring the transient optical sky, and mapping the Milky Way. LSST will be a wide-field ground-based system sited at Cerro Pach\'{o}n in northern Chile. The telescope will have an 8.4 m (6.5 m effective) primary mirror, a 9.6 deg$^2$ field of view, and a 3.2 Gigapixel camera. The standard observing sequence will consist of pairs of 15-second exposures in a given field, with two such visits in each pointing in a given night. With these repeats, the LSST system is capable of imaging about 10,000 square degrees of sky in a single filter in three nights. The typical 5$\sigma$ point-source depth in a single visit in $r$ will be $\sim 24.5$ (AB). The project is in the construction phase and will begin regular survey operations by 2022. The survey area will be contained within 30,000 deg$^2$ with $\delta<+34.5^\circ$, and will be imaged multiple times in six bands, $ugrizy$, covering the wavelength range 320--1050 nm. About 90\% of the observing time will be devoted to a deep-wide-fast survey mode which will uniformly observe a 18,000 deg$^2$ region about 800 times (summed over all six bands) during the anticipated 10 years of operations, and yield a coadded map to $r\sim27.5$. The remaining 10\% of the observing time will be allocated to projects such as a Very Deep and Fast time domain survey. The goal is to make LSST data products, including a relational database of about 32 trillion observations of 40 billion objects, available to the public and scientists around the world.Comment: 57 pages, 32 color figures, version with high-resolution figures available from https://www.lsst.org/overvie

El coste de la construcción medieval: materiales, recursos y sistemas constructivos para la petrificación del paisaje entre los siglos XI y XIII

Edición a cargo de Rocío Maira Vidal y Ana RodríguezLa dificultad de estudiar los costes de la construcción entre los siglos XI y XIII por la ausencia de documentos originales que hagan mención a las cuentas y gastos revela la necesidad de abordar su estudio a partir de nuevos caminos. En este libro se propone una nueva metodología para acometer el estudio de los costes a partir del análisis comparativo de los sistemas constructivos y de los recursos empleados. La nueva metodología propuesta permite conocer aquellas actividades que supusieron un mayor gasto para los promotores de las obras por requerir abundante mano de obra, una alta especialización de sus trabajadores o cuantiosos recursos naturales, a veces distantes de la obra. Confiamos que este libro responderá interesantes cuestiones sobre el desarrollo de la economía y la sociedad plenomedievales.Peer reviewe

Non Mycobacterial Virulence Genes in the Genome of the Emerging Pathogen Mycobacterium abscessus

Mycobacterium abscessus is an emerging rapidly growing mycobacterium (RGM) causing a pseudotuberculous lung disease to which patients with cystic fibrosis (CF) are particularly susceptible. We report here its complete genome sequence. The genome of M. abscessus (CIP 104536T) consists of a 5,067,172-bp circular chromosome including 4920 predicted coding sequences (CDS), an 81-kb full-length prophage and 5 IS elements, and a 23-kb mercury resistance plasmid almost identical to pMM23 from Mycobacterium marinum. The chromosome encodes many virulence proteins and virulence protein families absent or present in only small numbers in the model RGM species Mycobacterium smegmatis. Many of these proteins are encoded by genes belonging to a “mycobacterial” gene pool (e.g. PE and PPE proteins, MCE and YrbE proteins, lipoprotein LpqH precursors). However, many others (e.g. phospholipase C, MgtC, MsrA, ABC Fe(3+) transporter) appear to have been horizontally acquired from distantly related environmental bacteria with a high G+C content, mostly actinobacteria (e.g. Rhodococcus sp., Streptomyces sp.) and pseudomonads. We also identified several metabolic regions acquired from actinobacteria and pseudomonads (relating to phenazine biosynthesis, homogentisate catabolism, phenylacetic acid degradation, DNA degradation) not present in the M. smegmatis genome. Many of the “non mycobacterial” factors detected in M. abscessus are also present in two of the pathogens most frequently isolated from CF patients, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Burkholderia cepacia. This study elucidates the genetic basis of the unique pathogenicity of M. abscessus among RGM, and raises the question of similar mechanisms of pathogenicity shared by unrelated organisms in CF patients

Témoignage de Pierre Barrau

La première réunion de l’APPVPA a eu lieu à Grignon et a rassemblé une trentaine de personnes. L’association Yvelines environnement était représentée, de même que Madeleine Escande, membre de la Société historique de Saint-Nom-la-Bretèche, qui avait organisé une exposition sur le Val de Gally. Le groupe a exprimé qu’il fallait prendre en considération non seulement l’histoire, mais aussi la problématique agricole, ainsi que le rôle des communes. Plusieurs personnes se sont retirées, comme les..

Modèles actuels de cinq fonctions cognitives (mémoire de travail, mémoire verbale, fluence verbale, processus attentionnels, fonctions exécutives)

La prévalence à l'age adulte des déficits cognitifs dans la schizophrénie est estimée entre 60 et 77 %. Le sex-ratio est de un. Ces déficits intéressent principalement les processus mnésiques, attentionnels et les fonctions exécutives. Ils ne peuvent pas être expliqués par l'existence de facteur confondant comme une prise médicamenteuse, l'institutionnalisation ou les symptômes productifs. Décrits chez les apparentés sains ils représentent pour certains auteurs un marqueur phénotypique en lien avec une composante génétique de la maladie. Ils sont déjà présents chez les enfants qui développeront plus tard une schizophrénie. Une altération cognitive semble s'opérer à deux moments particuliers, à l'adolescence entre l'âge de 13 et 16 ans et lors de l'approche des symptômes psychotiques. A moyen et long terme les déficits semblent relativement stables. Les corrélats neuroanatomiques des fonctions cognitives sont identifiés principalement par deux lignes de recherches. En premier lieu la neuropsychologie établit des corrélations entre des lésions cérébrales et des performances lors des tests normés. En second lieu, l'imagerie fonctionnelle cartographie les régions cérébrales activées lors de tests évaluant spécifiquement une fonction cognitive. Dans la schizophrénie il existe des anomalies propres à chaque fonction étudiée et ce en dehors des liens qu'elles entretiennent. Des anomalies sont constatées à presque tous les niveaux d'analyse. Il n'existe donc pas de déficit unique ou spécifique. Ces déficits semblent consécutifs à des anomalies neuroarchitecturales locales et d'un point de vue fonctionnel à des dysconnexions entre les différentes régions cérébrales.PARIS7-Xavier Bichat (751182101) / SudocPARIS-BIUM (751062103) / SudocSudocFranceF