UTILIZAÇÃO DE FIBRA DE BORRACHA DE PNEU COMO AGREGADO NA COMPOSIÇÃO DE CONCRETO

Resumo A indústria do processo de recauchutagem de pneus gera resíduos que em sua maioria têm sido descartados sem nenhum controle. Este fato contribui para aumentar a poluição ambiental e favorecer a proliferação de vetores nocivos à saúde. Visando encontrar uma aplicação para esse tipo de resíduo, neste trabalho são apresentados resultados experimentais de amostras que tiveram o intuito de avaliar o comportamento e a viabilidade do uso de fibra de borracha proveniente de pneu, adicionada em forma de agregado no concreto, com o objetivo de obter um possível material alternativo para a indústria da construção civil, contribuindo para a proteção ambiental. Prepararam-se uma dosagem de concreto sem resíduos de borracha, para servir de referência, e três diferentes dosagens contendo resíduos de borracha, com substituição do volume do agregado em 5%, 10% e 15%. Aos sete e vinte e oito dias as amostras produzidas, no total de 80 corpos de prova cilíndricos de 15 x 30 cm2, foram submetidas ao ensaio de resistência mecânica à compressão simples. Conclui-se que com a utilização das fibras de pneu, o concreto sofre uma perca de resistência em todos os casos, contudo, os traços com as porcentagens de 5% e 10%, além de um custo menor, atingiram resistência para serem utilizados em elementos não estruturais, como calçadas. Palavras-chave: Pneus inservíveis. Fibra de borracha. Agregado. Concreto. Reciclagem.   Abstract The tire retreading industry generates waste residues that has mostly been disposed of without any control. This contributes to increasing environmental pollution and promoting the proliferation of vectors that are harmful to people’s health. With the aim to find an application for this type of residue, experimental results of samples with the intention of evaluating the behavior and the feasibility of the use of rubber fiber from tires were presented throughout this article. Such samples were added as an aggregate in the concrete, with the objective of obtaining a possible alternative material for the construction industry that would contribute to environmental protection. A dosage of rubber-free concrete to serve as reference was prepared, and three different dosages containing rubber residues were prepared with 5%, 10% and 15% volume substitution of the aggregate. After the seventh and the twenty-eighth day, the samples produced, in the total of 80 cylindrical specimens of 15x30 cm², were submitted to the mechanical test of simple compression. We came to conclusion that, with the use of the tire fibers, the concrete undergoes a loss of resistance in all cases. However, the traces with the percentages of 5% and 10%, in addition to a lower cost, reached resistance that allowed it to be used in non-structural elements such as sidewalks. Keywords: Wasted tires. Rubber fiber. Aggregate. Concrete. Recycling

Identificação e abordagem de complicações neurológicas pós-COVID-19: uma revisão bibliográfica

Este artigo aborda as complicações neurológicas pós-COVID-19, com ênfase na identificação precoce, avaliação clínica e estratégias de abordagem terapêutica. A revisão integrativa da literatura examina as manifestações neurológicas após a infecção por SARS-CoV-2, destacando os sintomas mais comuns, os mecanismos patológicos subjacentes e as ferramentas diagnósticas disponíveis. Além disso, fornece recomendações baseadas em evidências para o manejo clínico e terapêutico dessas complicações, visando melhorar a qualidade de vida dos pacientes afetados e contribuir para uma compreensão mais profunda dessas sequelas neurológicas após a infecção por COVID-19. A pesquisa ressalta a complexidade das complicações neurológicas, sua relação com manifestações psiquiátricas e a importância da vigilância contínua da segurança das vacinas COVID-19

Efetividade do tratamento não cirúrgico na recuperação do movimento do dedo em gatilho - tenossinovite estenosante

Este artigo apresenta uma revisão sistemática da literatura sobre a efetividade do tratamento conservador na recuperação do movimento do dedo em gatilho conhecida como tenossinovite estenosante. O objetivo do trabalho foi avaliar e sintetizar os estudos existentes sobre a eficácia dos métodos não cirúrgicos de tratamento. Para isso, foram selecionados artigos publicados nas bases de dados BVS, PubMed e Scielo. Os resultados indicaram que o tratamento conservador tem um papel significativo na recuperação efetiva do movimento dos dedos em pacientes com tenossinovite estenossante. Essas intervenções não cirúrgicas mostraram benefícios que, em muitos casos, rivalizam ou superam a intervenção cirúrgica, especialmente considerando os diversos riscos de complicações cirúrgicas. Conclui-se que o tratamento conservador para o dedo em gatilho é eficaz e seguro, porém deve-se levar em consideração o perfil e as necessidades específicas de cada paciente. Portanto, a individualização do tratamento é essencial para um bom sucesso terapêutico e satisfação do paciente

ATLANTIC EPIPHYTES: a data set of vascular and non-vascular epiphyte plants and lichens from the Atlantic Forest

Epiphytes are hyper-diverse and one of the frequently undervalued life forms in plant surveys and biodiversity inventories. Epiphytes of the Atlantic Forest, one of the most endangered ecosystems in the world, have high endemism and radiated recently in the Pliocene. We aimed to (1) compile an extensive Atlantic Forest data set on vascular, non-vascular plants (including hemiepiphytes), and lichen epiphyte species occurrence and abundance; (2) describe the epiphyte distribution in the Atlantic Forest, in order to indicate future sampling efforts. Our work presents the first epiphyte data set with information on abundance and occurrence of epiphyte phorophyte species. All data compiled here come from three main sources provided by the authors: published sources (comprising peer-reviewed articles, books, and theses), unpublished data, and herbarium data. We compiled a data set composed of 2,095 species, from 89,270 holo/hemiepiphyte records, in the Atlantic Forest of Brazil, Argentina, Paraguay, and Uruguay, recorded from 1824 to early 2018. Most of the records were from qualitative data (occurrence only, 88%), well distributed throughout the Atlantic Forest. For quantitative records, the most common sampling method was individual trees (71%), followed by plot sampling (19%), and transect sampling (10%). Angiosperms (81%) were the most frequently registered group, and Bromeliaceae and Orchidaceae were the families with the greatest number of records (27,272 and 21,945, respectively). Ferns and Lycophytes presented fewer records than Angiosperms, and Polypodiaceae were the most recorded family, and more concentrated in the Southern and Southeastern regions. Data on non-vascular plants and lichens were scarce, with a few disjunct records concentrated in the Northeastern region of the Atlantic Forest. For all non-vascular plant records, Lejeuneaceae, a family of liverworts, was the most recorded family. We hope that our effort to organize scattered epiphyte data help advance the knowledge of epiphyte ecology, as well as our understanding of macroecological and biogeographical patterns in the Atlantic Forest. No copyright restrictions are associated with the data set. Please cite this Ecology Data Paper if the data are used in publication and teaching events. © 2019 The Authors. Ecology © 2019 The Ecological Society of Americ

Climate seasonality limits leaf carbon assimilation and wood productivity in tropical forests

The seasonal climate drivers of the carbon cycle in tropical forests remain poorly known, although these forests account for more carbon assimilation and storage than any other terrestrial ecosystem. Based on a unique combination of seasonal pan-tropical data sets from 89 experimental sites (68 include aboveground wood productivity measurements and 35 litter productivity measurements), their associated canopy photosynthetic capacity (enhanced vegetation index, EVI) and climate, we ask how carbon assimilation and aboveground allocation are related to climate seasonality in tropical forests and how they interact in the seasonal carbon cycle. We found that canopy photosynthetic capacity seasonality responds positively to precipitation when rainfall is  < 2000 mm yr⁻¹ (water-limited forests) and to radiation otherwise (light-limited forests). On the other hand, independent of climate limitations, wood productivity and litterfall are driven by seasonal variation in precipitation and evapotranspiration, respectively. Consequently, light-limited forests present an asynchronism between canopy photosynthetic capacity and wood productivity. First-order control by precipitation likely indicates a decrease in tropical forest productivity in a drier climate in water-limited forest, and in current light-limited forest with future rainfall  < 2000 mm yr⁻¹

Metastastic Melanoma in a Goat

Background: Melanoma is one of the 5 neoplasia types of that most frequently affect skin and subcutaneous tissue, es-pecially in Northeastern Brazil, where there is a high incidence of solar rays. It is a tumor that affects melanocytes and is characterized by diverse morphologies ranging from round to polygonal cells, including epithelioid cells, spindle cells, star-shaped or with a mesenchymal appearance, and presenting large amounts of melanin in the cytoplasm. The pigment can be found in the cytoplasm of macrophages, indicating the phagocytic activity at the site. The nucleus is basophilic, and mitotic figures are not numerous.Case: A 12-year-old female goat with a history of nodular lesion in the nasal region with progressive increase and recur-rence was submitted to clinical evaluation. The tumor presented suggestive characteristics of melanoma, such as elevated irregular and surface with a central region of black colored skin. After surgical removal of the nodule, recurrence was observed in infra-orbital and parotid regions with infiltration of the mandible. Hence, the malignant behaviour of the tumor indicated euthanasia of the animal. The owner authorized the procedure and the individual was then submitted to necropsy at the Animal Pathology Sector of the Federal Rural University of Pernambuco, Academic Unit of Garanhuns (UAG/UFRPE). At necropsy, findings included a tumor in the parotid region with infiltration to the mandible, multiple tumors of black or grayish-white color in liver, multifocal nodules of grayish color in the right kidney and left kidney also had tumors of the same colorations, in the thoracic cavity, blackened spots were observed in the sternum. The lungs had several black colored nodules distributed throughout the organ. Microscopic examination revealed metastatic cells with intracytoplasmic brown pigments, in addition to granular and pleomorphic aspect. The lymph nodes presented the higher number of metastatic foci. Tumor cells were observed in metastatic nodes surrounded by disorganized tissue in organs, such as liver, right kidney, mandible and lungs.Discussion: The diagnosis was concluded based on the metastatic foci found in the several organs along with macroscopic aspects of the tumors and the histopathological evaluation. In addition, the findings were also confirmed with data found in the scientific literature. The clinical evolution and the appearance of new metastatic foci in only three weeks indicated that it was a tumor with a high degree of invasiveness. The evolution period was shorter than the reports described in the literature. Also in an unusual manner, the numerous metastatic foci in several organs compromised the general status of the animal. The involvement of the liver and lung parenchyma by the tumor, considerably diminishing the functionality of these organs, and the macroscopic characteristics with darkened aspect, microscopically correspond to areas of metastatic foci. The histopathological evaluation of the white or yellow areas revealed necrosis with adjacent tissue disorganization. The alterations described in the kidney, sternum and mandible were also described in the literature as possible sites of metastasis. However, there are few reports describing elevated numbers of metastases in a single animal, and in such rich detail with macroscopic and microscopic records, allowing the conclusion of this case as a malignant melanoma

Metastastic Melanoma in a Goat

Background: Melanoma is one of the 5 neoplasia types of that most frequently affect skin and subcutaneous tissue, es-pecially in Northeastern Brazil, where there is a high incidence of solar rays. It is a tumor that affects melanocytes and is characterized by diverse morphologies ranging from round to polygonal cells, including epithelioid cells, spindle cells, star-shaped or with a mesenchymal appearance, and presenting large amounts of melanin in the cytoplasm. The pigment can be found in the cytoplasm of macrophages, indicating the phagocytic activity at the site. The nucleus is basophilic, and mitotic figures are not numerous.Case: A 12-year-old female goat with a history of nodular lesion in the nasal region with progressive increase and recur-rence was submitted to clinical evaluation. The tumor presented suggestive characteristics of melanoma, such as elevated irregular and surface with a central region of black colored skin. After surgical removal of the nodule, recurrence was observed in infra-orbital and parotid regions with infiltration of the mandible. Hence, the malignant behaviour of the tumor indicated euthanasia of the animal. The owner authorized the procedure and the individual was then submitted to necropsy at the Animal Pathology Sector of the Federal Rural University of Pernambuco, Academic Unit of Garanhuns (UAG/UFRPE). At necropsy, findings included a tumor in the parotid region with infiltration to the mandible, multiple tumors of black or grayish-white color in liver, multifocal nodules of grayish color in the right kidney and left kidney also had tumors of the same colorations, in the thoracic cavity, blackened spots were observed in the sternum. The lungs had several black colored nodules distributed throughout the organ. Microscopic examination revealed metastatic cells with intracytoplasmic brown pigments, in addition to granular and pleomorphic aspect. The lymph nodes presented the higher number of metastatic foci. Tumor cells were observed in metastatic nodes surrounded by disorganized tissue in organs, such as liver, right kidney, mandible and lungs.Discussion: The diagnosis was concluded based on the metastatic foci found in the several organs along with macroscopic aspects of the tumors and the histopathological evaluation. In addition, the findings were also confirmed with data found in the scientific literature. The clinical evolution and the appearance of new metastatic foci in only three weeks indicated that it was a tumor with a high degree of invasiveness. The evolution period was shorter than the reports described in the literature. Also in an unusual manner, the numerous metastatic foci in several organs compromised the general status of the animal. The involvement of the liver and lung parenchyma by the tumor, considerably diminishing the functionality of these organs, and the macroscopic characteristics with darkened aspect, microscopically correspond to areas of metastatic foci. The histopathological evaluation of the white or yellow areas revealed necrosis with adjacent tissue disorganization. The alterations described in the kidney, sternum and mandible were also described in the literature as possible sites of metastasis. However, there are few reports describing elevated numbers of metastases in a single animal, and in such rich detail with macroscopic and microscopic records, allowing the conclusion of this case as a malignant melanoma

Malformações congênitas e abortos induzidos experimentalmente pela ingestão de Poincianella pyramidalis (Tul.) L.P. Queiroz (catingueira) em ovelhas

RESUMO: Poincianella pyramidalis (catingueira) é uma planta tóxica associada a abortos, perdas embrionárias e malformações em caprinos e animais de laboratório. Surtos e casos esporádicos de intoxicação espontânea em ovinos vem sendo relatados nos últimos cinco anos no agreste de Pernambuco. Devido à ocorrência destes casos espontâneos e a escassez de pesquisas na espécie ovina, o objetivo desse trabalho foi realizar um estudo experimental para avaliação dos efeitos teratogênicos de P. pyramidalis em ovelhas. No experimento foram utilizadas 16 ovelhas e três carneiros, sem raça definida (SRD). As fêmeas foram divididas em quatro grupos, com quatro animais por grupo e mantidas em baias individuais, foram submetidas a sincronização do estro e acasalamento por monta natural, após 30 dias foi realizado o diagnóstico para confirmação da gestação. Os grupos foram denominados como: grupo 1 (G1), grupo 2 (G2), grupo 3 (G3) e grupo 4 (G4). No G1 (controle) as ovelhas foram alimentadas com 1% de suplementação concentrada (SC) baseado no peso vivo (PV) e 2% de volumoso a base de silagem de milho (SM), com uma ingestão diária de 3% de matéria seca (MS) com base no PV. No G2 a alimentação era constituída de 1% de SC com base no PV e 2% de volumoso. Sendo que destes 2% de volumoso, 50% era feno de P. pyramidalis e os outros 50% de SM. No G3 a alimentação era constituída de 1% de SC com base no PV e 2% de volumoso. Sendo que destes 2% de volumoso, 80% foi de feno de P. pyramidalis e os outros 20% de SM. No G4 as ovelhas foram alimentadas com 1% de SC com base no PV e o volumoso constituído de 100% de feno de P. pyramidalis. Todos os grupos receberam SC à base de farelo de milho, farelo de algodão, sal mineral especifico para ovinos e água ad libitum. Mensalmente os animais foram submetidos à ultrassonografia para detecção de perdas embrionárias ou fetais. Foram realizados exames sorológicos para Neospora caninum e Toxoplasma gondii antes da introdução dos animais no experimento. Os fetos com malformações foram avaliados no setor de Patologia da UFRPE / Unidade Acadêmica de Garanhuns (UAG) para descrição das lesões. No G2, ocorreram cinco casos de malformações de oito cordeiros nascidos. No G3, ocorreram quatro casos de malformação, sendo um decorrente de aborto. No G4, uma ovelha abortou e as outras três pariram quatro fetos malformados. As principais malformações encontradas no trabalho foram artrogripose, palatosquise, queilosquise, hipoplasia da mandíbula, aplasia do osso incisivo, malformações de olho e língua, polidactilia e monodactilia. Nos grupos de maior percentual de ingestão da planta foram observadas maiores quantidades de malformações e chamou a atenção a ocorrência de retenção de placenta e a alta frequência de mortalidade perinatal nos cordeiros que apresentaram algum tipo de malformação. Demonstrou-se com esse trabalho que a P. pyramidalis é uma importante causa de malformação congênita, aborto e mortalidade perinatal em ovinos, sendo de extrema importância que se mantenha as ovelhas prenhes fora do alcance desta planta durante todo o período gestacional