"Wenn das Wahre das Begründete ist,\ud dann ist der Grund nicht wahr, noch falsch."\ud Zum epistemischen Status religiöser Überzeugungen

Mit welchem erkenntnistheoretischen Anspruch können\ud religiöse Überzeugungen heute in der Pluralität der\ud Lebensformen begründet werden? Kann die Wahrheit der\ud eigenen Überzeugungen gegenüber anderen Überzeugungen\ud aufgezeigt werden? Oder müssen wir eingestehen,\ud unseren Glauben lediglich als eine rationale oder zumindest\ud nicht unvernünftige Option unter vielen ausweisen zu\ud können? Schließen sich Glaube und Vernunft gar grundsätzlich\ud aus im Sinne eines fideistischen Ansatzes

Assets and threats to Molinia meadows (Molinion caeruleae Alliance) on chosen NATURA 2000 areas in the eastern part of the Silesian Upland

The studies on diversity and conservation status of Molinia meadows as significantly endangered natural habitats are very important in the context of nature protection on the European scale. The collected basic data for exemplary protected objects in the Silesian Upland, whose main subject of protection is the already mentioned natural habitat, provide basis for continuing monitoring and for drawing conclusions concerning their protection. This was the main aim of the undertaken research. Occurrence of the Galio veri-Molinietum and the Selino carvifoliae-Molinietum caeruleae associations from the Molinion caeruleae alliance were observed on the analyzed areas. The most important floristic assets of these areas include occurrence of a significant number of 5 plant species under strict protection as well as occurrence of Laserpitium prutenicum regarded as critically endangered on the areas of the Silesian Voivodeship. Communities on the designated Natura 2000 areas of “Meadows in Jaworzno” above all are endangered by natural processes (plant succession), while the area of “Meadows in Sławków” by human activities connected with amelioration and development as well as devastation of the area by off-road vehicles. Significance of the areas designated for protection in preserving valuable phytocenotic structures has been highlighted, especially in the aspect of their location on urban areas

Transformer(s) of the Logistics Industry - Enabling Logistics Companies to Excel with Digital Platforms

Platformization is a prevailing trend that changes industries at their core. The rise and dominance of platform-based companies require incumbent companies and start-ups to rethink how they approach that novel challenge and leverage its full potential. To successfully steer and initiate this digitally enabled industry transformation, even in traditional industries like logistics, the incumbent companies require IT and specific platform design support. However, designing a digital platform is a complex task riddled with design options, potential pitfalls, and complex underlying mechanisms. Consequently, research and practice require tools to leverage past design knowledge and generate digital platforms in a goal-oriented fashion. This paper addresses precisely that issue as we report on a design science research study that developed a visual inquiry tool for digital platform design. Ultimately, the visual inquiry tool provides researchers and practitioners with the means to develop digital platforms more efficiently and strategically

Neolithic deposit of flint cores in Zagórzyce, Kazimierza Wielka district

The purpose of this paper is presentation of flint materials from the pit number 92 discovered at multicultural site 1 in Zagórzyce. During the exploration a group of five flint cores were revealed, whose layout indicates an intentional deposit. They were accompanied by few ceramic fragments and several animal bones. In spite of the fact the flint artifacts represented different stages of exploitation, they have a relatively high potential and, after the necessary remedial treatments, could still have been exploited. It seems that the group of cores can be interpreted as a deposit of a utilitarian character. Three of these were formed on the nodule of chocolate flint, the rest were made of Jurassic flint. The size of the obtained blades and the technique of core processing speak for the feature's affiliation to the Lublin- Volhynian culture. Currently, considering only the partial examination of the site 1 in Zagórzyce, making a statement as to whether the presence of the L-VC in the discussed site was only a single episode or had more stable character is sadly not feasible. The reason of separated publication of this deposit is justified since discovery of this assemblage of cores contributes greatly to the picture of flint knapping in the the L – VC

Modele wychowania seksualnego w rodzinach pochodzenia współczesnych kobiet na tle przemian obyczajowych w sferze seksualności

The paper attempts to present the transformations in sexual morality and their significance for the sexual upbringing of men and women. The results of the research presented herein allow us to analyze the models of sexual upbringing implemented in the families of origin of modern young women. It also verifies whether there are differences between men and women in the realm of sexual upbringing in their families of origin and if there are differences in their sexual functioning within a partnership depending on the model of sexual upbringing in the family of origin.The paper attempts to present the transformations in sexual morality and their significance for the sexual upbringing of men and women. The results of the research presented herein allow us to analyze the models of sexual upbringing implemented in the families of origin of modern young women. It also verifies whether there are differences between men and women in the realm of sexual upbringing in their families of origin and if there are differences in their sexual functioning within a partnership depending on the model of sexual upbringing in the family of origin

Struktura i uwarunkowania afektywne go komponentu postaw politycznych studentów

It is indisputable that emotions predominate in shaping political attitudes. This is corroborated by the development of political marketing, whose techniques and means are mainly directed at voters’ emotions. The paper presents the results of research into the affective component in the political attitudes of university students. To a large extent the analysis confirms the hypothesis that religious organizations have a significant impact on developing a positive emotional attitude towards right-wing politicians and parties, whereas the media strongly influence the emergence of similar attitudes towards liberal political entities. Advocates of the right wing declare their commitment to national values and patriotism, while demonstrating a relatively passive attitude to politics. The respondents whose opinions indicate liberal sympathies emphasize their satisfaction with life and intention to be active in the field of politics. The important conclusion to be drawn from this research is that the family contin- ues to have a significant impact on the emotional political attachments of the young, whereas the influence of school in this regard is definitely limited.It is indisputable that emotions predominate in shaping political attitudes. This is corroborated by the development of political marketing, whose techniques and means are mainly directed at voters’ emotions. The paper presents the results of research into the affective component in the political attitudes of university students. To a large extent the analysis confirms the hypothesis that religious organizations have a significant impact on developing a positive emotional attitude towards right-wing politicians and parties, whereas the media strongly influence the emergence of similar attitudes towards liberal political entities. Advocates of the right wing declare their commitment to national values and patriotism, while demonstrating a relatively passive attitude to politics. The respondents whose opinions indicate liberal sympathies emphasize their satisfaction with life and intention to be active in the field of politics. The important conclusion to be drawn from this research is that the family contin- ues to have a significant impact on the emotional political attachments of the young, whereas the influence of school in this regard is definitely limited

Cell-free tumour DNA as a diagnostic and prognostic biomarker in non-small cell lung carcinoma

More than 1 million people dies worldwide due to lung cancer which is the first most incident cancer in males and the third in females. Only early diagnosis makes possible to achieve long-lasting remission or even cure the disease. Unfortunately, no tumour marker to achieve this goal has been identified, yet. One of putative lung cancer markers is free circulating tumor DNA. Its concentration seems to be related to cancer burden. Moreover, it can be subjected to mutational status analysis allowing for introduction of targeted treatment. This led to the idea of liquid biopsy which can substitute for a standard biopsy not feasible in certain clinical circumstances. Assessment of cell free tumour DNA can also inform about progression/recurrence of cancer and may have a prognostic value. Therefore, the aim of this article is to review on free circulating DNA as a potential marker in lung cancer

The History of Dowry Chests Captured in Wood: Dendrochronological Research on Chests from the Palace of the Grand Master of the Knights of Rhodes, Greece

Chests represented important piece of the household and sacral furniture until the end of 18th century. They were commonly used as containers, both for everyday needsand also for special occasions such as in the case of marriage/dowry chests. Nowadays chests can be found in museums, monasteries, palaces, historic buildings, but alsoin private collections, with some of them having great aesthetic, ethnographic and historical interest. In the current study we present the results of wood examinationof five chests exhibited in the Palace of the Grand Master of the Knights in Rhodes, Greece. Most of them were made of walnut, while the one made of conifer was useful for further dendrochronological analysis. Macroscopic examination of timber and cross-dating results suggest that the species used for its construction is most probablyCedrus libani, originating from Turkey. 1698 AD is the outermost preserved (most recent) ring, placing the chest’s construction during the Early Modern period of Europe,most likely at the beginning of the 18th century. Regarding the timber origin, the chest is an example confirming that during the early 18th century there was a trade betweenEurope and the East Aegean Islands, which then belonged to the Ottoman Empire.Historia skrzyń posagowych ukryta w drewnie: badania dendrochronologiczne skrzyń z Pałacu Wielkich Mistrzów w Rodos, Grecja Skrzynie stanowiły ważny element wyposażenia domostw oraz budynków sakralnych do końca XVIII wieku. Używane były do przechowywania różnego rodzaju przedmiotów, zarówno w życiu codziennym, jak i przy specjalnych okazjach – przykładem są skrzynie posagowe. Obecnie zabytkowe skrzynie można znaleźć w muzeach,klasztorach, pałacach, budynkach historycznych oraz kolekcjach prywatnych, wiele z nich jest szczególnie interesujących pod względem estetyki, etnografii, historii.W niniejszym artykule prezentujemy wyniki badań drewna pięciu skrzyń należących do kolekcji muzeum mieszczącego się w Pałacu Wielkich Mistrzów w mieście Rodos (Grecja, wyspa Rodos). Większość zbadanych skrzyń wykonana została z drewna orzechowego, jedna z drewna iglastego. Skrzynię wykonaną z drewna iglastego zakwalifikowano do badań dendrochronologicznych. Zarówno obserwacja makroskopowa drewna, jak i wyniki analiz dendrochronologicznych sugerują, że skrzynia zostaławykonana z drewna cedrowego (Cedrus libani) pochodzącego z Turcji. Najmłodszy zachowany przyrost został wydatowany na rok 1698. Uzyskane wyniki pozwalająustalić powstanie skrzyni na początek XVIII wieku. Pochodzenie drewna potwierdza istnienie kontaktów handlowych pomiędzy Europą a wschodnimi Wyspami Egejskimi, które w tamtym czasie należały do imperium osmańskiego

ERF022 impacts the induction of somatic embryogenesis in Arabidopsis through the ethylene-related pathway

Main conclusion The ERF022 gene was found to affect embryogenic transition in somatic cells in Arabidopsis via the ethylene-related pathway. The study provides evidence that ERF022-LEC2 interaction is involved in the auxin–ethylene crosstalk that operates in somatic embryogenesis induction. The ERF022 gene of the ERF family was previously identified among the transcription factor genes that were differentially expressed in an embryogenic culture of Arabidopsis. A strong inhibition of the gene was found to be associated with the induction of somatic embryogenesis (SE) and an erf022 mutant was indicated to display a substantially impaired capacity for SE. Therefore, the molecular function of ERF022 in the induction of SE was studied in the present work. A phenotype of an erf022 mutant was indicated as being related to an increased content of ethylene. The results further suggest that the ERF022 controls the genes that are involved in both the biosynthesis (ACS7) and signalling (ERF1, ETR1) of ethylene and indicate that the ERF022 is a new regulatory element in ethylene-related responses that negatively control the ethylene content and perception. It is proposed that the negative impact of ethylene on the induction of SE may result from a modulation of the auxin-related genes that control the embryogenic transition in somatic cells. Among them, the LEC2, which is a key regulator of the induction of SE through the stimulation of auxin synthesis, was possibly related to ERF022. The results of the study provide new hormone-related clues to define the genetic network that governs SE. A putative model of the regulatory pathway is proposed that is involved in the induction of SE in which the auxin–ethylene interactions are controlled by ERF022 and LEC2 and their targets