Resposta a incidentes de segurança da informação: uma abordagem DOTMLPI-I

O conceito de ciberespaço resulta da interligação das redes de comunicações e de diferentes sistemas de informação à escala global. A abstração deste espaço de comunicações apresenta evidentes vantagens para a sociedade de informação em que vivemos. A sua utilização maciça por indivíduos e organizações fez com que ele se tornasse crítico para as empresas e para o próprio estado, pois a exploração das vulnerabilidades dos diferentes sistemas que o utilizam podem afetar as infraestruturas que prestam serviços críticos à sociedade. Para assegurar a qualidade da informação que nele circula é necessário que existam mecanismos de monitorização permanentes, com capacidade de prevenção e resposta aos incidentes que coloquem em causa a segurança da informação. Existem já vários modelos e normativos para a organização desta capacidade de resposta a incidentes de segurança da informação. Neste artigo iremos apresentar a metodologia utilizada pela OTAN para a edificação de capacidades operacionais, aplicando-a à identificação dos elementos críticos a considerar na edificação de uma capacidade de resposta a incidentes de segurança da informação no ciberespaço.The concept of Cyberspace results from - on a global scale - the interconnection of communication networks and different information systems. This immense communication space produces clear benefits for the information society in which we live. Its massive use by individuals and organizations made him critical for companies and for the state itself, since exploiting vulnerabilities of different systems that they use may affect the infrastructures that deliver critical services to society. There has to be permanent monitoring mechanisms - capable in prevention and response to incidents that may undermine the security of information - to ensure the quality of the information that flows. There are already several models and standards for organizing the capacity to respond to information security incidents. In this article we will present the methodology used by NATO to the edification ofoperational capabilities and apply it to the identification of critical elements to consider when building onecapacity to respond to information security incidents incyberspace.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Master's in autonomous systems: an overview of the robotics curriculum and outcomes at ISEP, Portugal

Robotics research in Portugal is increasing every year, but few students embrace it as one of their first choices for study. Until recently, job offers for engineers were plentiful, and those looking for a degree in science and technology would avoid areas considered to be demanding, like robotics. At the undergraduate level, robotics programs are still competing for a place in the classical engineering graduate curricula. Innovative and dynamic Master’s programs may offer the solution to this gap. The Master’s degree in autonomous systems at the Instituto Superior de Engenharia do Porto (ISEP), Porto, Portugal, was designed to provide a solid training in robotics and has been showing interesting results, mainly due to differences in course structure and the context in which students are welcomed to study and wor

Eixo quinário: um elemento de simetria presente em moléculas e quasi-cristais - um experimento didático em cristalografia

Axis of quinary symmetry occur in molecular symmetry, as in the case of fullerenes, and in crystalline symmetry, in the quasicrystals. Minerals with pentagonal faces do not have this element of symmetry, as the pyrite (FeS2) which shows a ridge that is different from the other ones, in any face of the crystal. The purpose of this paper is to demonstrate conceptual differences between pyritohedron and regular pentagonal dodecahedron symmetries, discussing students' difficulties to identify them. Also is proposed a didactic experiment with spatial models of the above-mentioned forms and the demonstration of its symmetries in clinographic projections

Pertussis may be the cause of prolonged cough in adolescents and adults in the interepidemic period.

OBJECTIVE: This study was aimed to evaluate the prevalence of pertussis in adolescents and adults with cough lasting more than 14 days and less than 30 days. METHODS: This is a prospective observational study in interepidemic period of pertusis. Ten public health outpatient clinics in the city of Recife, Brazil, were randomly selected for the study. The study population consisted of individuals aged 10 years and over with cough that had lasted between 14 and 30 days. Nasopharyngeal swabs were collected for culture and PCR in order to identify Bordetella pertussis. We adopted the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention in the US (CDC) definition of cases of pertussis. RESULTS: A total of 192 individuals were identified as suspected cases. Their mean age was 40.7 years. Pertussis was confirmed in 10 of the 192 suspected cases, with an estimated prevalence of 5.21% (95% confidence interval 2.03-8.38). All cases met the clinical case definition for pertussis; one suspect had both culture and PCR positive. PCR confirmed 100% of the cases, 7/10 by PCR and 3/10 by epidemiological linkage with a case confirmed by PCR. CONCLUSION: During an interepidemic period, 1 in 20 cases of prolonged cough had pertussis, suggesting this is an important cause of prolonged cough in adolescents and adults

INFLUÊNCIA DAS PROPRIEDADES QUÍMICAS E DA RELAÇÃO SIRINGIL/GUAIACIL DA MADEIRA DE EUCALIPTO NA PRODUÇÃO DE CARVÃO VEGETAL

The objective of this study was to determine the influence of the chemical properties (elemental composition, levels of extractives, lignin total and holocellulose) and the syringyl/guaiacyl, wood of different Eucalyptus genetic materials in the production of charcoal. It was used in the study four hybrid clones, at age of 7 years, 6 trees per clone, totaling 24 sampling units. There was significant difference, at 5% significance, between treatments for elemental composition, levels of extractives, lignin total and holocellulose and the wood syringyl/guaiacyl, as well as for gravimetric yields in charcoal, condensable gases and non-condensable gases, levels of fixed carbon and volatiles, and for the higher calorific value of charcoal. For the ash content and relative apparent density of charcoal were not observed significant differences at the same level of significance. Concluded that there is variability in the wood quality of four evaluated genetic materials, having the same, distinct correlations, thus the yield and the quality of charcoal. All genetic material presented satisfactorily gravimetric yield in charcoal and quality. The woods of clones with low syringyl/guaiacyl ratio showed an increase in yield in charcoal. The chemical composition of woods from the four clones, in general, showed no significant correlations, the 5% significance level, at the yield and quality of charcoal.O trabalho teve como objetivo determinar a influência das propriedades químicas (composição elementar, teores de extrativos totais, lignina total e holocelulose) e relação siringil/guaiacil, da madeira de diferentes materiais genéticos de eucalipto na produção de carvão vegetal. Utilizaram-se na pesquisa quatro clones híbridos de Eucalyptus, aos 7 anos de idade, sendo 6 árvores por clone, totalizando 24 unidades amostrais. Houve diferença significativa, a 5% de significância, entre os tratamentos para a composição elementar, teores de extrativos totais, lignina total e holocelulose e relação siringil/guaiacil da madeira, como também, para os rendimentos gravimétricos em carvão vegetal, em gases condensáveis e em gases não condensáveis, teores de carbono fixo e de materiais voláteis e para o poder calorífico superior do carvão vegetal. Para o teor de cinzas e densidade relativa aparente do carvão não foram observadas diferenças significativas ao mesmo nível de significância. Concluiu-se que existe variabilidade na qualidade da madeira dos quatro materiais genéticos avaliados, tendo, os mesmos, correlações distintas, tanto no rendimento quanto na qualidade do carvão vegetal. Todos os materiais genéticos apresentaram, de modo satisfatório, rendimento gravimétrico em carvão vegetal e qualidade. As madeiras dos clones com baixa relação siringil/guaiacil apresentaram aumento no rendimento em carvão vegetal. A composição química das madeiras dos quatro clones, de modo geral, não apresentou correlações significativas, a 5% de significância, no rendimento e qualidade do carvão

Qualidade da água para o abastecimento público no municipio do Lobito: Water quality for public supply in the municipality of Lobito

Angola possui um enorme potencial hídrico em África, porém, o problema do acesso à água potável é bastante evidente, a água e o saneamento básico constituem dois dos maiores problemas públicos e sociais em Angola. O presente trabalho visa caracterizar os indicadores da qualidade de água abastecida no Município do Lobito. Trata-se de um estudo de natureza exploratória e descritiva com abordagem qualitativa envolvendo revisão bibliográfica, pesquisa de campo e documental. Conforme os dados obtidos durante o período de pesquisa, houve uma variação da qualidade água, apresentando uma alta em alguns parâmetros de qualidade como: turbidez; alcalinidade; concentração de dióxido de carbono e concentração de bicarbonato, o que foi possível concluir que a qualidade da água abastecida na cidade merece uma atenção, pois, não cumpriu com as diretrizes recomendados pela Organização Mundial da Saúde durante o período avaliado. As irregularidades no abastecimento de água na cidade e a falta de acesso à rede pública de abastecimento em alguns bairros, levam a população na procura por outras fontes alternativas e inseguras de abastecimento de água, e às vezes, sem o devido tratamento, o que implica um risco à saúde dos consumidores

EFFECT OF PROPERTIES CHEMICAL AND SIRINGIL/GUAIACIL RELATION WOOD CLONES OF EUCALYPTUS IN THE PRODUCTION OF CHARCOAL

O trabalho teve como objetivo determinar a influ\ueancia das propriedades qu\uedmicas (composi\ue7\ue3o elementar, teores de extrativos totais, lignina total e holocelulose) e rela\ue7\ue3o siringil/guaiacil, da madeira de diferentes materiais gen\ue9ticos de eucalipto na produ\ue7\ue3o de carv\ue3o vegetal. Utilizaram-se na pesquisa quatro clones h\uedbridos de Eucalyptus , aos 7 anos de idade, sendo 6 \ue1rvores por clone, totalizando 24 unidades amostrais. Houve diferen\ue7a significativa, a 5% de signific\ue2ncia, entre os tratamentos para a composi\ue7\ue3o elementar, teores de extrativos totais, lignina total e holocelulose e rela\ue7\ue3o siringil/guaiacil da madeira, como tamb\ue9m, para os rendimentos gravim\ue9tricos em carv\ue3o vegetal, em gases condens\ue1veis e em gases n\ue3o condens\ue1veis, teores de carbono fixo e de materiais vol\ue1teis e para o poder calor\uedfico superior do carv\ue3o vegetal. Para o teor de cinzas e densidade relativa aparente do carv\ue3o n\ue3o foram observadas diferen\ue7as significativas ao mesmo n\uedvel de signific\ue2ncia. Concluiu-se que existe variabilidade na qualidade da madeira dos quatro materiais gen\ue9ticos avaliados, tendo, os mesmos, correla\ue7\uf5es distintas, tanto no rendimento quanto na qualidade do carv\ue3o vegetal. Todos os materiais gen\ue9ticos apresentaram, de modo satisfat\uf3rio, rendimento gravim\ue9trico em carv\ue3o vegetal e qualidade. As madeiras dos clones com baixa rela\ue7\ue3o siringil/guaiacil apresentaram aumento no rendimento em carv\ue3o vegetal. A composi\ue7\ue3o qu\uedmica das madeiras dos quatro clones, de modo geral, n\ue3o apresentou correla\ue7\uf5es significativas, a 5% de signific\ue2ncia, no rendimento e qualidade do carv\ue3o.The objective of this study was to determine the influence of the chemical properties (elemental composition, levels of extractives, lignin total and holocellulose) and the syringyl/guaiacyl, wood of different Eucalyptus genetic materials in the production of charcoal. It was used in the study four hybrid clones, at age of 7 years, 6 trees per clone, totaling 24 sampling units. There was significant difference, at 5% significance, between treatments for elemental composition, levels of extractives, lignin total and holocellulose and the wood syringyl/guaiacyl, as well as for gravimetric yields in charcoal, condensable gases and non-condensable gases, levels of fixed carbon and volatiles, and for the higher calorific value of charcoal. For the ash content and relative apparent density of charcoal were not observed significant differences at the same level of significance. Concluded that there is variability in the wood quality of four evaluated genetic materials, having the same, distinct correlations, thus the yield and the quality of charcoal. All genetic material presented satisfactorily gravimetric yield in charcoal and quality. The woods of clones with low syringyl/guaiacyl ratio showed an increase in yield in charcoal. The chemical composition of woods from the four clones, in general, showed no significant correlations, the 5% significance level, at the yield and quality of charcoal

Tratamento em massa para controle das helmintíases intestinais em área endêmica na Amazônia Brasileira

The objective of the present study was to estimate the prevalence of soil-transmitted helminthiasis and evaluate the sanitary conditions and the role of a mass treatment campaign for control of these infections in Santa Isabel do Rio Negro. A cross-sectional survey was carried out in 2002, to obtain data related to the sanitary conditions of the population and fecal samples for parasitological examination in 308 individuals, followed by a mass treatment with albendazole or mebendazole with coverage of 83% of the city population in 2003. A new survey was carried out in 2004, involving 214 individuals, for comparison of the prevalences of intestinal parasitosis before and after the mass treatment. The prevalences of ascariasis, trichuriasis and hookworm infection were 48%; 27% and 21% respectively in 2002. There was a significant decrease for the frequency of infections by Ascaris lumbricoides (p < 0.05; OR / 95% CI = 0.44 / 0.30 - 0.65), Trichuris trichiura (p < 0.05; OR / 95% CI = 0.37 / 0.22 - 0.62), hookworm (p < 0.05; OR / 95% CI = 0.03 / 0.01 - 0.15) and helminth poliparasitism (p < 0.05; OR / 95% CI = 0.16 / 0.08 - 0.32). It was also noticed a decrease of prevalence of infection by Entamoeba histolytica / dispar (p < 0.05; OR / 95% CI = 0.30 / 0.19 - 0.49) and non-pathogenic amoebas. It was inferred that a mass treatment can contribute to the control of soil-transmitted helminthiasis as a practicable short-dated measure. However, governmental plans for public health, education and urban infrastructure are essential for the sustained reduction of prevalences of those infections.O presente trabalho objetivou avaliar a prevalência e o papel de um tratamento em massa das helmintíases intestinais em Santa Isabel do Rio Negro, Estado do Amazonas, Brasil. Foi realizado em 2002 um estudo seccional, incluindo inquérito copro-parasitológico, objetivando a obtenção das prevalências das parasitoses intestinais e dados sobre as condições sanitárias do local, estudando-se uma amostra de 308 indivíduos. Em 2003 foi realizada intervenção para tratamento em massa das helmintíases intestinais com administração de albendazol (ou mebendazol para crianças entre 12 e 24 meses) na sede do município, alcançando-se 83% de cobertura. Novo inquérito copro-parasitológico foi realizado em 2004, para comparação das prevalências antes a após o tratamento. As prevalências das infecções por Ascaris lumbricoides, Trichuris trichiura e ancilostomídeos foram 48%, 27% e 21%, respectivamente em 2002. Em 2004 observou-se redução significativa das infecções por Ascaris lumbricoides (p < 0,05; OR / 95% IC = 0,44 / 0,30 - 0,65), Trichuris trichiura (p < 0,05; OR / 95% IC = 0,37 / 0,22 - 0,62), ancilostomídeos (p < 0,05; OR / 95% IC = 0,03 / 0,01 - 0,15) e poliparasitismo por helmintos intestinais (p < 0,05; OR / 95% IC = 0,16 / 0,08 - 0,32). Foi também observada redução da prevalência de infecção por Entamoeba histolytica/dispar (p < 0,05; OR / 95% CI = 0,30 / 0,19 - 0,49). Concluiu-se que o tratamento em massa pode auxiliar o controle das helmintíases intestinais, porém ações governamentais em infraestrutura urbana e educação são essenciais para uma redução sustentada das prevalências destas infecções

Purinergic P2Y12 Receptor Activation in Eosinophils and the Schistosomal Host Response

Identifying new target molecules through which eosinophils secrete their stored proteins may reveal new therapeutic approaches for the control of eosinophilic disorders such as host immune responses to parasites. We have recently reported the expression of the purinergic P2Y12 receptor (P2Y12R) in human eosinophils; however, its functional role in this cell type and its involvement in eosinophilic inflammation remain unknown. Here, we investigated functional roles of P2Y12R in isolated human eosinophils and in a murine model of eosinophilic inflammation induced by Schistosoma mansoni (S. mansoni) infection. We found that adenosine 5’-diphosphate (ADP) induced human eosinophils to secrete eosinophil peroxidase (EPO) in a P2Y12R dependent manner. However, ADP did not interfere with human eosinophil apoptosis or chemotaxis in vitro. In vivo, C57Bl/6 mice were infected with cercariae of the Belo Horizonte strain of S. mansoni. Analyses performed 55 days post infection revealed that P2Y12R blockade reduced the granulomatous hepatic area and the eosinophilic infiltrate, collagen deposition and IL-13/IL-4 production in the liver without affecting the parasite oviposition. As found for humans, murine eosinophils also express the P2Y12R. P2Y12R inhibition increased blood eosinophilia, whereas it decreased the bone marrow eosinophil count. Our results suggest that P2Y12R has an important role in eosinophil EPO secretion and in establishing the inflammatory response in the course of a S. mansoni infection

Viral genetic clustering and transmission dynamics of the 2022 mpox outbreak in Portugal

Pathogen genome sequencing during epidemics enhances our ability to identify and understand suspected clusters and investigate their relationships. Here, we combine genomic and epidemiological data of the 2022 mpox outbreak to better understand early viral spread, diversification and transmission dynamics. By sequencing 52% of the confirmed cases in Portugal, we identified the mpox virus sublineages with the highest impact on case numbers and fitted them into a global context, finding evidence that several international sublineages probably emerged or spread early in Portugal. We estimated a 62% infection reporting rate and that 1.3% of the population of men who have sex with men in Portugal were infected. We infer the critical role played by sexual networks and superspreader gatherings, such as sauna attendance, in the dissemination of mpox virus. Overall, our findings highlight genomic epidemiology as a tool for the real-time monitoring and control of mpox epidemics, and can guide future vaccine policy in a highly susceptible population.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio