Endophytic fungi associated with four endemic wild coffee species (Mascarocoffea) in Madagascar

Mascarocoffea are wild coffee plants endemic to Madagascar. These plants produce diverse, often specific biomolecules that are not found in cultivated coffee plants. Production of these compounds could be due to interactions between the endophytes and the host plant. Few studies have been carried out on the richness and diversity of microorganisms associated with these coffee plants. The objective of this study was to identify endophytic fungi isolated from the leaves of species of Mascarocoffea by morphological and molecular methods. Fifteen taxa were morphologically identified among the 30 isolated. These included Phyllosticta sp., Colletotrichum sp., Daldinia sp., Diaporthe sp., Cladosporium sp., Fusarium sp.01, Fusarium sp. 02, Fusarium sp. 03, Monilinia sp., Trichoderma sp., Alternaria sp, Penicillium sp., Aspergillus niger , Rhizopus sp. and Nigrospora sp. The phylum Ascomycota was the most represented, with 14 taxa and 1 taxon (Rhizopus sp.) belonging to the phylum of Zygomycota. Molecular characterisation confirmed of the identity of these 15 taxa and those of the morphologically Unidentified (NI) mycotaxa including Colletotrichum karstii , Colletotrichum siamense , Neofusicoccum parvum , Colletotrichum siamense, Punctularia strigosozonata , Stemphylium solani , Phoma multirostrata , Calophoma complonata, Daldinia vanderguchtiae , Phoma exigua and Boremia exigua . This study allowed us to identify the endophytic fungi isolated from Mascarocoffea leaves from Madagascar.Les Mascarocoffea sont des caf\ue9iers sauvages end\ue9miques de Madagascar. Ces plantes produisent des biomol\ue9cules diversifi\ue9es, souvent sp\ue9cifiques et inexistantes chez les caf\ue9iers cultiv\ue9s. La production de ces compos\ue9s pourrait \ueatre due aux interactions des microorganismes endophytes et la plante h\uf4te. Peu d\u2019\ue9tude a \ue9t\ue9 r\ue9alis\ue9e sur la richesse et la diversit\ue9 des microorganismes associ\ue9s \ue0 ces caf\ue9iers. L\u2019objectif de cette \ue9tude est d\u2019identifier les champignons endophytes isol\ue9s \ue0 partir des feuilles de quatre esp\ue8ces de Mascarocoffea par la m\ue9thode morphologique et mol\ue9culaire. Quinze taxons ont pu \ueatre identifi\ue9s morphologiquement parmi les 30 isol\ue9s. Ce sont\ua0: Phyllosticta sp., Colletotrichum sp., Daldinia sp., Diaporthe sp., Cladosporium sp., Fusarium sp.01, Fusarium sp.02, Fusarium sp. 03, Monilinia sp., Trichoderma sp., Alternaria sp., Penicillium sp., Aspergillus niger , Rhizopus sp. et Nigrospora sp. Le phylum des Ascomycota est le mieux repr\ue9sent\ue9 avec 14 taxons et 1 taxon (Rhizopus sp.) appartient au phylum de Zygomycota. La caract\ue9risation mol\ue9culaire a permis de confirmer l\u2019identit\ue9 de ces 15 taxons et celles des mycotaxons morphologiquement Non Identifi\ue9es (NI) dont Colletotrichum karstii , Colletotrichum siamense , Neofusicoccum parvum , Colletotrichum siamense, Punctularia strigosozonata , Stemphylium solani , Phoma multirostrata , Calophoma complonata, Daldinia vanderguchtiae , Phoma exigua et Boremia exigua . Cette \ue9tude nous a permis d\u2019identifier les champignons endophytes des feuilles de Mascarocoffea de Madagascar

Benefits of dual inoculation with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and rhizobia on Phaseolus vulgaris planted in a low-fertility tropical soil

International audienceThe growth response of Phaseolus vulgaris to dual inoculation with arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi and rhizobia was studied in a low-fertility tropical soil in Madagascar. Two isolates of AM fungi identified as Acaulospora sp. and Glomus sp., respectively, along with a cocktail of ten Rhizobium spp. strains were used to conduct a greenhouse experiment in a fully randomized block design with two factors. The Phaseolus vulgaris seedlings received one of the following inoculation treatments: no inoculation, separate inoculation with each of the three microbial symbionts (the two AM fungal isolates and the rhizobia), and co-inoculation with each of the two AM fungal isolates and the mix of rhizobium strains. The results showed an additive effect of co-infection by AM fungi and rhizobia on plant growth and on the total N content of the plants, along with a synergistic effect on the total P content, the number of nodules and the mycorrhizal rate of the plants. Dual symbiosis with native strains contributes to the success of legumes, especially in harsh environments and low-fertility tropical soils

Benefits of dual inoculation with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and rhizobia on Phaseolus vulgaris planted in a low-fertility tropical soil

International audienceThe growth response of Phaseolus vulgaris to dual inoculation with arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi and rhizobia was studied in a low-fertility tropical soil in Madagascar. Two isolates of AM fungi identified as Acaulospora sp. and Glomus sp., respectively, along with a cocktail of ten Rhizobium spp. strains were used to conduct a greenhouse experiment in a fully randomized block design with two factors. The Phaseolus vulgaris seedlings received one of the following inoculation treatments: no inoculation, separate inoculation with each of the three microbial symbionts (the two AM fungal isolates and the rhizobia), and co-inoculation with each of the two AM fungal isolates and the mix of rhizobium strains. The results showed an additive effect of co-infection by AM fungi and rhizobia on plant growth and on the total N content of the plants, along with a synergistic effect on the total P content, the number of nodules and the mycorrhizal rate of the plants. Dual symbiosis with native strains contributes to the success of legumes, especially in harsh environments and low-fertility tropical soils

Benefits of dual inoculation with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and rhizobia on Phaseolus vulgaris planted in a low-fertility tropical soil

International audienceThe growth response of Phaseolus vulgaris to dual inoculation with arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi and rhizobia was studied in a low-fertility tropical soil in Madagascar. Two isolates of AM fungi identified as Acaulospora sp. and Glomus sp., respectively, along with a cocktail of ten Rhizobium spp. strains were used to conduct a greenhouse experiment in a fully randomized block design with two factors. The Phaseolus vulgaris seedlings received one of the following inoculation treatments: no inoculation, separate inoculation with each of the three microbial symbionts (the two AM fungal isolates and the rhizobia), and co-inoculation with each of the two AM fungal isolates and the mix of rhizobium strains. The results showed an additive effect of co-infection by AM fungi and rhizobia on plant growth and on the total N content of the plants, along with a synergistic effect on the total P content, the number of nodules and the mycorrhizal rate of the plants. Dual symbiosis with native strains contributes to the success of legumes, especially in harsh environments and low-fertility tropical soils