Development of bambangan (Mangifera pajang) carbonated drink

Mangifera pajang Kostermans or bambangan is a popular fruit among Sabahan due to its health and economic values. However, the fruit is not fully commercialized since it is usually been used as traditional cuisine by local people. Thus, development of bambangan fruit into carbonated drink was conducted to produce new product concept. The objectives of this study were to conceptualize, formulate, evaluate consumer acceptance, and determine physicochemical properties and nutritional composition of the accepted product. Method used in conceptualising the product was based on questionnaire. The consumer acceptance was evaluated based on descriptive and affective tests with four product formulations tested. The physicochemical properties on carbon dioxide volume, colour, pH, total acidity, total soluble solid (TSS) and viscosity were highlighted, meanwhile nutritional composition on fat, protein, carbohydrates and energy content were determined. About 77% respondents gave positive feedback, and 69% respondents decided this product is within their budget. The formulation of 5% bambangan pulp, 70% water, 25% sugar and 0.2% citric acid was highly accepted in descriptive and affective tests with 4.4 and 6.39 mean scores, respectively. The physicochemical properties and nutritional composition of the acceptance product were in optimum value except for colour, total acidity and TSS. Overall, this study showed that the product has high potential to be commercialized as new product concept, and heritage of indigenous people can be preserved when this fruit is known regionally

PSIDIUM GUAJAVA LEAVES COMPOUND AS ANTI-INFLAMMATION: SYSTEMATIC REVIEW

Psidium guajava leaves are plants that have been widely used to treat health problems, such as inflammation. Guava leaves are one of the parts used in this plant. People use guava leaves because it can be reached and has minimal side effects. The aim of this study was to identify the content available in guava leaves and their bioactivity as anti-inflammatory. The design of this study uses systematic reviews. Article are taken from electronic databases such as Scopus, Pubmed, ProQuest, and Science Direct. Articles are taken from 2013 to 2019 with the keywords “phytochemical” OR “chemical” OR “compounds” AND “psidium guajava leaves” AND “anti-inflammation”. The review results of 3 articles explained that guava leaves contain ingredients that can be useful as anti-inflammatory. Guava leaves provide a great effect or benefit to inflammation

Efektivitas kesehatan seluler untuk memantau kepatuhan pengobatan pada pasien hipertensi: A systematic review

Pendahuluan: Dewasa ini perkembangan teknologi informasi dapat meningkatkan pelayanan kesehatan. Ponsel adalah alat sistem manajemen pengingat untuk meningkatkan gaya hidup. Ulasan ini bertujuan untuk menilai efektivitas mHealth dari sistem manajemen pengingat untuk pasien hipertensi. Metode: Tinjauan ini mengidentifikasi lima belas studi yang relevan mengikuti inklusi yang ditentukan (pasien dengan Hipertensi, menggunakan pengingat SMS, pengingat Telepon, pengingat mHealth, jenis studi: RCT) dan kriteria eksklusi (studi yang fokus pada penyakit kronis yang bukan hipertensi). Hasil: enam belas artikel yang terlibat ditemukan dan ditinjau. Ponsel digunakan sebagai alat untuk memantau kepatuhan pengobatan dan melaporkan pengukuran tekanan darah untuk pemantauan gaya hidup. Simpulan: mHealth membantu pasien untuk mengelola hipertensi. Perlu dilakukan penelitian lebih lanjut terkait pemantauan gaya hidup penderita hipertensi

Antiproliferative activity of five garcinia species collected in Sabah, Malaysian Borneo against estrogen receptor-human breast carcinoma (MCF-7) cell line

Garcinia species are well-known for their unique properties of having natural secondary metabolite compounds called xanthone as well as their ethnomedicinal values such as antioxidant, anticancer, anti-inflammatory and antibacterial properties. The study was conducted to investigate the antiproliferative activity of peel, flesh and seed extracts of G. dulcis, G. parvifolia, G. nitida, G. mangostana var. mangosta and G. cambogia collected from Malaysian Borneo (Sabah) against estrogen receptor-positive human breast carcinoma (MCF-7) cells. The antiproliferative activity was assessed using 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5- diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. The results showed that G. dulcis seed induced strongest antiproliferative activity against MCF-7 cancer cell line with the IC50 value of 2.5±0.0 μg/ml, followed by G. dulcis flesh, G. mangostana var. mangostana peel and G. dulcis peel with IC50 values of 9.33 ± 3.21, 11.17 ± 1.04 and 17.67 ± 2.08 μg/ml, respectively. Meanwhile, the IC50 value for G. cambogia peel was 56.67 ± 10.5 μg/ml. No IC50 value was detected in all parts of G. parvifolia and G. nitida at concentration tested (<100 μg/ml). Overall, this study clearly showed that the whole fruit of G. dulcis displayed potent cytotoxic effect by inducing antiproliferative activity at low concentration. Further studies are needed in the future to develop this fruit as pharmaceutical and nutraceutical product for the treatment and prevention against cancer

Keputusan Investasi, Pendanaan, Dan Dividen Terhadap Nilai Perusahaan Dengan Risiko Bisnis Sebagai Variabel Mediasi

This study aimed to analyze: the effect of investment decisions on firm value, the role of business risk as amediating effect investment decisions on firm value, the effect of financing decisions on firm value, the role ofbusiness risk as a mediating effect decisions financing on firm value, effect of dividend decisions on firm value,the role of business risk as a mediating effect dividend on firm value the effect of business risk on firm value.The research was conducted in the companies listed in Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX). The observationperiod was 2009-2011. Based on the criteria population defined, the sampling method was census. The numberof analyzed samples were 18 companies. Data analysis was path analysis. The research findings were: theinvestment decisions could increase firm value, business risk did not have mediating effect on relationshipbetween investment decisions and firm value, the funding did not increase firm value, business risk as a fullmediation had an effect on relationship of funding and firm value, dividend decision did not have effect onfirm value, business risk did not have mediating effect on relationship between dividend decisions and firmvalue, business risk could increase firm value

Effectiveness of different cleanup sorbents for the determination of avermectins in fish by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry.

An effectiveness and comparative study of cleanup sorbents used in dispersive solid phase extraction (DSPE) for the determination of avermectins, including emamectin (EMA), abamectin (ABA), doramectin (DOR), moxidectin (MOX), and ivermectin (IVE), was performed. Three different types of cleanup sorbents, alumina (Al), primary and secondary amine (PSA) and octadecyl (C18), were used to remove the matrix interference in fish samples. Homogenised fish samples were extracted with acetonitrile, magnesium sulphate anhydrous and sodium chloride. The cleanup sorbents were separately applied to the supernatant during the DSPE procedure; the mixtures were shaken and centrifuged, and the supernatant was dried. The extracts were reconstituted with acetonitrile/water and quantified by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry with electrospray ionisation in the positive mode with two product ions that were monitored by selected reaction monitoring. The performance of each cleanup sorbent was observed for its accuracy and precision in a spiked blank sample at a concentration of 5 μg kg−1. The combination of the cleanup sorbents PSA and C18 was found to be the most effective in the cleanup of the fish samples. In the validation tests, the detection limit was in the range of 0.3 μg kg−1 to 0.4 μg kg−1, and the quantitation limit for all avermectins was 1 μg kg−1 in the linearity range of 1–15 μg kg−1. The recoveries of avermectins were 91.9–102.5%, with a relative standard deviation lower than 19%

Developmental research of sustainable technologies to minimise problematic road embankment settlements

Challenging, problematic and non-uniform ground conditions are a night mare to geotechnical engineers tasked with the design and construction of buildings and transport infrastructure. These often suffer undesirable structural settlements. Designing within the current understanding of geotechnics; settlement in peat and organic soils need to be recognised to include the known “primary and secondary consolidation characteristics” and the lesser known “tertiary consolidation phase”. These eventually contribute cumulatively to the consequential uneven and hazardous “bumpy road” surfaces. Undulating flexible road pavements result primarily from the transference of the heavy self-weight of the embankment fill to yielding and non-uniform subgrade. The adoption of conventional design/repair methods such as pile, vertical drain, soil replacement and soil stabilisation are expensive and inappropriate in very soft ground conditions. These then lead to unjustifiably high and repetitive maintenance costs. There being no one quick fix solution for all; pragmatic research must necessarily identify the best/progressively improved practical and sustainable solution. A viable solution is to develop criteria and explore the concept of a “masonry arch bridge structure/lintel-column structure” and adopting sustainable materials through pragmatic searching for appropriate recyclable waste materials. This will lead to the basis for a sustainable, innovative, strong, stiff, permeable composite mat structure that can be used on soft and/or yielding ground conditions. Conceptual lightweight fill technology including the popularly used expanded polystyrene (EPS) and the innovative composite mats recently being developed by the research team are outlined

An analytical approach on parametric estimation of cure fraction based on weibull distribution using interval censored data.

In this article, we consider the Bounded Cumulative Hazard (BCH) model that is more appropriate than mixture cure model in case of cancer clinical trials when the population of interest contains long-term survivors or cured. We propose this cure rate model based on the Weibull distribution with interval censored data. Maximum likelihood estimation (MLE) method is proposed to estimate the parameters within the framework of expectation-maximization (EM) algorithm, Newton Raphson method also employed. The analysis showed that the cure fraction cannot be obtained analytically, but may be obtained from the numerical solution of the estimated equations. A simulation study is also provided for assessing the efficiency of the proposed estimation procedure

Fossa posterior fossa yerleşimli glioblastoma

A 63-year-old woman operated eight months ago for glioblastoma (GB) located in posterior fossa was admitted to emergency room for stuporous, nausea, vo-miting and headache. CT and MR showed recurrence of posterior fossa cystic-necrotic tumour without any other intracranial contrast enhancing lesion. Tumour was removed near totally. Perseverative cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) fistula from the incision was occurred and contaminated by multidrug resistant Acinetobacter ba-umannii. Two months after the tumour removal she was expired because of the septicaemia. GB located in posterior fossa is uncommon in both adults and child-ren; and it appears as two different subsets: de novo (primary type) and secondary glioblastomas. Although our patient's immunohistochemical findings werenot enough to demonstrate the tumour subset, we have thought that her tumour was de novo because of no other brain involvement, staining with GFAP, vimentin, and nearly absent p53 mutation