The Grizzly, March 22, 1994

Public Not Pleased with Health Care Proposal • Tax-Exempt Status Challenged • J-Board Issues Punishment for Illegal Pledging Activity • U.S.G.A. Minutes • Letter to the Senior Class • Students Respond to Editor\u27s View on Pledging • Editor Clarifies Position • Awareness Needed • Investigative Team Responds • The Madness is Here: Update on the NCAA Tournament • Track & Field to Begin Seasonhttps://digitalcommons.ursinus.edu/grizzlynews/1333/thumbnail.jp

The Grizzly, April 26, 1994

Richter to Leave Presidency • Richter: Then and Now • S.T.A.R. Raising Awareness • Economics Conference Held at Ursinus • Vandalism in Olin • A Necessary Tension: Greeks and Administration • Final Exam Schedule • It\u27s Alive, It\u27s Alive • Moshing, Body Surfing and The Gin Blossoms • NBA Playoff Preview • Men\u27s Tennis Looks for Strong Finishhttps://digitalcommons.ursinus.edu/grizzlynews/1337/thumbnail.jp

Astrophysical Adaptation of Points, the Precision Optical Interferometer in Space

POINTS (Precision Optical INTerferometer in Space) would perform microarcsecond optical astrometric measurements from space, yielding submicroarcsecond astrometric results from the mission. It comprises a pair of independent Michelson stellar interferometers and a laser metrology system that measures both the critical starlight paths and the angle between the baselines. The instrument has two baselines of 2 m, each with two subapertures of 35 cm; by articulating the angle between the baselines, it observes targets separated by 87 to 93 deg. POINTS does global astrometry, i.e., it measures widely separated targets, which yields closure calibration, numerous bright reference stars, and absolute parallax. Simplicity, stability, and the mitigation of systematic error are the central design themes. The instrument has only three moving-part mechanisms, and only one of these must move with sub-milliradian precision; the other two can tolerate a precision of several tenths of a degree. Optical surfaces preceding the beamsplitter or its fold flat are interferometrically critical; on each side of the interferometer, there are only three such. Thus, light loss and wavefront distortion are minimized. POINTS represents a minimalistic design developed ab initio for space. Since it is intended for astrometry, and therefore does not require the u-v-plane coverage of an imaging, instrument, each interferometer need have only two subapertures. The design relies on articulation of the angle between the interferometers and body pointing to select targets; the observations are restricted to the 'instrument plane.' That plane, which is fixed in the pointed instrument, is defined by the sensitive direction for the two interferometers. Thus, there is no need for siderostats and moving delay lines, which would have added many precision mechanisms with rolling and sliding parts that would be required to function throughout the mission. Further, there is no need for a third interferometer, as is required when out-of-plane observations are made. An instrument for astrometry, unlike those for imaging, can be compact and yet scientifically productive. The POINTS instrument is compact and therefore requires no deployment of precision structures, has no low-frequency (i.e., under 100 Hz) vibration modes, and is relatively easy to control thermally. Because of its small size and mass, it is easily and quickly repointed between observations. Further, because of the low mass, it can be economically launched into high Earth orbit which, in conjunction with a solar shield, yields nearly unrestricted sky coverage and a stable thermal environment

The Grizzly, April 19, 1994

Erdrich Speaks of Cultural Struggles • Friendly Fire Over Iraq • Greeks Participate in Greek Week • U.S.G.A. Responds to Requests for a Wismer Meal Plan • Tropical Conservationist to Speak at Ursinus • President John Bartholomew Speaks Again • Tuning in to Talk Radio • Bands to Perform Saturday • It\u27s Not a Matter of Dryness • Women\u27s Lacrosse Crushes Swarthmore; Falls to Johns Hopkins • Eagles Draft Preview • George White Named New Men\u27s Basketball Coach at Ursinushttps://digitalcommons.ursinus.edu/grizzlynews/1336/thumbnail.jp

The Grizzly, February 22, 1994

Breaking Down the Barriers: One Man\u27s Struggle with Homosexuality, Stereotypes and the Military • Maintenance Man, Humanitarian • Pledging Private Eyes • Pledging Underway Once Again • Olympic Update • Are There Really any Losers in the Olympics? • Ursinus Students Raise Money for a Friend in Need • And When the Sawdust Cleared...It Was a Masterpiece • Come out and Support a U.C. Senior • Restaurant Night Revisited • Senior Spotlight: Joshua Donald Carter • Clinton: King of Astro Turf • Learn by Listening to Yourself • Sports Picture Page: The Two Hottest Teams Around • Baseball Preview \u2794 • Lady Bears are Eastern Division Champshttps://digitalcommons.ursinus.edu/grizzlynews/1331/thumbnail.jp

Post-Irradiation-Examination of Irradiated Fuel Outside the Hot Cell

Because of their high radioactivity, irradiated fuels are commonly examined in a hot cell. However, the Idaho National Laboratory (INL) has recently investigated irradiated U-Mo-Al metallic fuel from the Reduced Enrichment for Research and Test Reactors (RERTR) project using a conventional unshielded scanning electron microscope outside a hot cell. This examination was possible because of a two-step sample-preparation approach in which a small volume of fuel was isolated in a hot cell and shielding was introduced during later stages of sample preparation. The resulting sample contained numerous sample-preparation artifacts but allowed analysis of microstructures from selected areas

Extrinsic Rewards and Intrinsic Motives: Standard and Behavioral Approaches to Agency and Labor Markets

Employers structure pay and employment relationships to mitigate agency problems. A large literature in economics documents how the resolution of these problems shapes personnel policies and labor markets. For the most part, the study of agency in employment relationships relies on highly stylized assumptions regarding human motivation, e.g., that employees seek to earn as much money as possible with minimal effort. In this essay, we explore the consequences of introducing behavioral complexity and realism into models of agency within organizations. Specifically, we assess the insights gained by allowing employees to be guided by such motivations as the desire to compare favorably to others, the aspiration to contribute to intrinsically worthwhile goals, and the inclination to reciprocate generosity or exact retribution for perceived wrongs. More provocatively, from the standpoint of standard economics, we also consider the possibility that people are driven, in ways that may be opaque even to themselves, by the desire to earn social esteem or to shape and reinforce identity

The Apache Point Observatory Galactic Evolution Experiment (APOGEE)

The Apache Point Observatory Galactic Evolution Experiment (APOGEE), one of the programs in the Sloan Digital Sky Survey III (SDSS-III), has now completed its systematic, homogeneous spectroscopic survey sampling all major populations of the Milky Way. After a three-year observing campaign on the Sloan 2.5 m Telescope, APOGEE has collected a half million high-resolution (R ~ 22,500), high signal-to-noise ratio (>100), infrared (1.51–1.70 μm) spectra for 146,000 stars, with time series information via repeat visits to most of these stars. This paper describes the motivations for the survey and its overall design—hardware, field placement, target selection, operations—and gives an overview of these aspects as well as the data reduction, analysis, and products. An index is also given to the complement of technical papers that describe various critical survey components in detail. Finally, we discuss the achieved survey performance and illustrate the variety of potential uses of the data products by way of a number of science demonstrations, which span from time series analysis of stellar spectral variations and radial velocity variations from stellar companions, to spatial maps of kinematics, metallicity, and abundance patterns across the Galaxy and as a function of age, to new views of the interstellar medium, the chemistry of star clusters, and the discovery of rare stellar species. As part of SDSS-III Data Release 12 and later releases, all of the APOGEE data products are publicly available