El laboratorio de traducción como escenario didáctico

Ante las insuficiencias detectadas en la enseñanza práctica de la traducción, un grupo de profesores de la Universitat Jaume I propone la utilización de un «laboratorio de traducción» como herramienta educativa innovadora. El laboratorio se halla completamente equipado con el material informático necesario para configurar 21 estaciones de trabajo para el traductor (translator's workstation). Dentro de la enseñanza de la traducción general, el laboratorio resulta especialmente útil para desarrollar aquellas actividades que persiguen objetivos de aprendizaje relacionados con las tipologías textuales y con el estilo de trabajo profesional. La estación de trabajo permite al estudiante traducir desde un principio de forma realista, rápida y con toda la documentación a su alcance. Por otra parte, el laboratorio permite una mayor variedad de opciones a la hora de corregir las traducciones. Como conclusión, los autores plantean que el laboratorio de traducción se convertirá en una herramienta didáctica fundamental en la enseñanza de la traducción en un corto plazo de tiempo

Generación no supervisada de datos para la clasificación de queries en un sistema de diálogo

[ES] En este trabajo se experimenta con tres técnicas de aumentados de datos para ayudar al clasificador de texto a incrementar su rendimiento. Para la experimentación se han seleccionado un gran número de corpus donde la mayoría de ellos pertenecen al dominio de la detección de intents, ya que, el objetivo de la investigación realizada en este proyecto es aprovechar el conocimiento adquirido para posteriormente aplicarlo en chatbots dedicados a servicio al cliente. Estos chatbots tendrán que detectar los intents de las queries enviadas por los usuarios para posteriormente responder consecuentemente. Los dos modelos empleados en la experimentación son de naturaleza distinta. El primero de ellos es XGBoost que es un modelo de aprendizaje automático clásico y el segundo de ellos utiliza la versión pre-entrenada de RoBERTa que es un modelo aprendizaje automático profundo, el cual actualmente es el estado del arte en la clasificación de texto. Finalmente, vemos que el uso de estas técnicas no aporta una mejora considerable con respecto de no utilizarlas.[EN] In this work we experiment with three data augmentation techniques in order to help the classifier to improve its performance. For the experimentation we chose a big number of corpus where the majority of them belong to the field of intent classification, because the knowledge obtained in this research will be used for applying in a customer service chatbot. This chatbot will answer the queries of the user, but previously it will have to detect the intent correctly. The two models that we use for the experimentation belong to different nature. The first one is XGBoost that belongs to the classical machine learning models, and the second one uses the pre-trained version of RoBERTa that belongs to the deep learning models, that actually are the state of the art in text classification. Finally, we will see that the use of these data augmentation techniques in natural language processing do not help to improve considerably the performance of the classifiers.Valero Antón, FDB. (2020). Generación no supervisada de datos para la clasificación de queries en un sistema de diálogo. http://hdl.handle.net/10251/151669TFG

Aplicación de estrategias lúdicas para la producción de cuentos de los estudiantes del 1º grado de secundaria de la I. E. “Ariosto Matellini Espinoza” Chorrillos - 2013

La presente investigación titulada “Aplicación de Estrategias Lúdicas para la Producción de Cuentos de los estudiantes del 1º grado de secundaria de la Institución Educativa Ariosto Matellini Espinoza Chorrillos 2013”. Tiene como objetivo principal determinar la eficacia de las estrategias lúdicas en la producción de cuentos, que surge como necesidad a poder buscar alternativas de solución a la problemática educativa y para mejorar el aprendizaje de los alumnos. La población y muestra estuvo constituida por 70 estudiantes. La investigación es de tipo aplicada y de diseño cuasi experimental, utilizando la técnica de la evaluación pedagógica, para evaluar las variables de estudio. Luego de aplicar los instrumentos y realizar el análisis estadístico se llegó a la conclusión que la aplicación de estrategias lúdicas mejoran la producción de cuentos en los alumnos del primer grado de secundaria de la Institución Educativa Ariosto Matellini Espinoza Chorrillos 2013

Rehabilitación protésica de tramos edéntulos: Odontología multidisciplinar.

El presente trabajo de fin de grado parte de dos pacientes del servicio de prácticas odontológicas de la universidad de Zaragoza, a los cuales se les realizó un tratamiento multidisciplinario con el fin de mejorar su salud bucal y establecer unas pautas de tratamiento que mejoren su situación actual. El objetivo es fundar un buen diagnóstico con las pruebas pertinentes, y de ahí poder dar al paciente todas las posibles opciones de tratamiento que garanticen el mejor resultado en salud, función y estética. Todo ello a partir del conocimiento adquirido y experiencia clínica resultante de los años de grado cursados. En ambos casos los pacientes acuden con objetivo de recuperar la función y para ello, se realiza una fase básica y correctora para lograr establecer una situación óptima de los tejidos y conseguir una rehabilitación adecuada. Ambos tratamientos presentados están sustentados por una extensa revisión de la literatura necesaria para contrastar situaciones clínicas similares

Production of engineered long-life and male sterile Pelargonium plants

[EN] Background: Pelargonium is one of the most popular garden plants in the world. Moreover, it has a considerable economic importance in the ornamental plant market. Conventional cross-breeding strategies have generated a range of cultivars with excellent traits. However, gene transfer via Agrobacterium tumefaciens could be a helpful tool to further improve Pelargonium by enabling the introduction of new genes/traits. We report a simple and reliable protocol for the genetic transformation of Pelargonium spp. and the production of engineered long-life and male sterile Pelargonium zonale plants, using the pSAG12::ipt and PsEND1::barnase chimaeric genes respectively. Results: The pSAG12::ipt transgenic plants showed delayed leaf senescence, increased branching and reduced internodal length, as compared to control plants. Leaves and flowers of the pSAG12::ipt plants were reduced in size and displayed a more intense coloration. In the transgenic lines carrying the PsEND1::barnase construct no pollen grains were observed in the modified anther structures, which developed instead of normal anthers. The locules of sterile anthers collapsed 3¿4 days prior to floral anthesis and, in most cases, the undeveloped anther tissues underwent necrosis. Conclusion: The chimaeric construct pSAG12::ipt can be useful in Pelargonium spp. to delay the senescence process and to modify plant architecture. In addition, the use of engineered male sterile plants would be especially useful to produce environmentally friendly transgenic plants carrying new traits by preventing gene flow between the genetically modified ornamentals and related plant species. These characteristics could be of interest, from a commercial point of view, both for pelargonium producers and consumers.This work was funded by grants AGL2009-13388-C03-01 and BIO2009-08134 from the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation (MICINN). We acknowledge support of the publication fee by the CSIC Open Access Publication Support Initiative through its Unit of Information Resources for Research (URICI). In the past five years we have received funding from the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation (MICINN) and the article-processing charge will be pay with funds from two granted projects. The authors received salaries from two different institutions: The Polytechnic University of Valencia (UPV) or the High Spanish Council of Scientific Research (CSIC). We are not currently applying for a patent related with the content of this manuscript. All the mentioned organisms/institutions do not gain or lose financially from the publication of this manuscript either now or in the future.García Sogo, B.; Pineda Chaza, BJ.; Roque Mesa, EM.; Antón Martínez, MT.; Atarés Huerta, A.; Borja, M.; Beltran Porter, JP.... (2012). Production of engineered long-life and male sterile Pelargonium plants. BMC Plant Biology. 12:156-171. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2229-12-1561561711

Selection of nature-based solutions to improve comfort in schools during heat waves

Climate change impacts particularly affect vulnerable populations such as children. Therefore, addressing the adaptation of educational buildings is crucial in avoiding these negative effects on school performance. In this paper, three educational buildings, located in Badajoz (Spain), Evora (Portugal) and Porto (Portugal), serve as pilot samples to study the suitability of nature-based solutions (NBS), chosen for each one of three climatic zones. The NBS selected include green roofs, vertical structures with vegetation to shade holes, outdoor trees and free-cooling ventilation. The scenarios of the different NBS implemented in the three models were simulated with the software EnergyPlus, which allows optimising the appropriate decision before renovation operations begin. The results obtained from the simulations suggest energy performance improvements after applying the most adequate NBS selection to each one of the three buildings tested. Particularly, a reduction in radiation on both roofs and facades is required in the case of Evora and Badajoz, where both climate zones have similar features, that is, warm and dry. While in Porto, milder and more humid than the former ones, it is very effective to operate mainly on the roof, complemented by small ventilation operations.The authors gratefully acknowledge the support of this work by the LIFE+ Programme under the responsibility of the Directorate General for the Environment of the European Commission through the agreement LIFE17 CCA/ES/00088, LIFE myBUILDINGisGREEN

Reconstituted human upper airway epithelium as 3-d in vitro model for nasal polyposis.

BACKGROUND: Primary human airway epithelial cells cultured in an air-liquid interface (ALI) develop a well-differentiated epithelium. However, neither characterization of mucociliar differentiation overtime nor the inflammatory function of reconstituted nasal polyp (NP) epithelia have been described. OBJECTIVES: 1st) To develop and characterize the mucociliar differentiation overtime of human epithelial cells of chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) in ALI culture system; 2nd) To corroborate that 3D in vitro model of NP reconstituted epithelium maintains, compared to control nasal mucosa (NM), an inflammatory function. METHODS: Epithelial cells were obtained from 9 NP and 7 control NM, and differentiated in ALI culture for 28 days. Mucociliary differentiation was characterized at different times (0, 7, 14, 21, and 28 days) using ultrastructure analysis by electron microscopy; ΔNp63 (basal stem/progenitor cell), β-tubulin IV (cilia), and MUC5AC (goblet cell) expression by immunocytochemistry; and mucous (MUC5AC, MUC5B) and serous (Lactoferrin) secretion by ELISA. Inflammatory function of ALI cultures (at days 0, 14, and 28) through cytokine (IL-8, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-10, TNF-α, and IL-12p70) and chemokine (RANTES, MIG, MCP-1, IP-10, eotaxin-1, and GM-CSF) production was analysed by CBA (Cytometric Bead Array). RESULTS: In both NP and control NM ALI cultures, pseudostratified epithelium with ciliated, mucus-secreting, and basal cells were observed by electron microscopy at days 14 and 28. Displaying epithelial cell re-differentation, β-tubulin IV and MUC5AC positive cells increased, while ΔNp63 positive cells decreased overtime. No significant differences were found overtime in MUC5AC, MUC5B, and lactoferrin secretions between both ALI cultures. IL-8 and GM-CSF were significantly increased in NP compared to control NM regenerated epithelia. CONCLUSION: Reconstituted epithelia from human NP epithelial cells cultured in ALI system provides a 3D in vitro model that could be useful both for studying the role of epithelium in CRSwNP while developing new therapeutic strategies, including cell therapy, for CRSwN

Tecnología de Estructuras Geotécnicas en Ing. Geológica: Desarrollo de metodologías docentes que fomenten la participación activa de los estudiantes

La aparición de los másteres universitarios se enmarca dentro de la importante transformación de las titulaciones que se impartían en la universidad española como consecuencia de la llegada del Espacio Europeo de Educación Superior. Uno de los principales objetivos de los másteres universitarios es mejorar el grado de especialización de los egresados. Entre ellos, en la Escuela Politécnica Superior de la Universidad de Alicante, se puso en marcha el Máster en Ingeniería Geológica, que viene a reemplazar a la antigua titulación de Ingeniería Geológica. Dentro de este máster se encuentra la asignatura “Tecnología de Estructuras Geotécnicas”, que se centra en el estudio de las estructuras de hormigón armado y estructuras metálicas en el ámbito de la Ingeniería Geológica. Esta asignatura es completamente nueva, ya que en la antigua titulación no había una asignatura con contenidos similares. En vista de ello, el propósito planteado para la red es elaborar una propuesta de contenidos y metodologías docentes para la asignatura “Tecnología de Estructuras Geotécnicas”, de tal forma que fomenten la participación activa de los estudiantes, y analizar su aplicación el curso 2014-15. A grandes rasgos, los resultados en este curso han sido muy satisfactorios, aunque todavía existe un importante margen de mejora

An insertional mutagenesis programme with an enhancer trap for the identification and tagging of genes involved in abiotic stress tolerance in the tomato wild-related species Solanum pennellii

Salinity and drought have a huge impact on agriculture since there are few areas free of these abiotic stresses and the problem continues to increase. In tomato, the most important horticultural crop worldwide, there are accessions of wild-related species with a high degree of tolerance to salinity and drought. Thus, the finding of insertional mutants with other tolerance levels could lead to the identification and tagging of key genes responsible for abiotic stress tolerance. To this end, we are performing an insertional mutagenesis programme with an enhancer trap in the tomato wild-related species Solanum pennellii. First, we developed an efficient transformation method which has allowed us to generate more than 2,000 T-DNA lines. Next, the collection of S. pennelli T0 lines has been screened in saline or drought conditions and several presumptive mutants have been selected for their salt and drought sensitivity. Moreover, T-DNA lines with expression of the reporter uidA gene in specific organs, such as vascular bundles, trichomes and stomata, which may play key roles in processes related to abiotic stress tolerance, have been identified. Finally, the growth of T-DNA lines in control conditions allowed us the identification of different development mutants. Taking into account that progenies from the lines are being obtained and that the collection of T-DNA lines is going to enlarge progressively due to the high transformation efficiency achieved, there are great possibilities for identifying key genes involved in different tolerance mechanisms to salinity and drought

Healthcare workers hospitalized due to COVID-19 have no higher risk of death than general population. Data from the Spanish SEMI-COVID-19 Registry

Aim To determine whether healthcare workers (HCW) hospitalized in Spain due to COVID-19 have a worse prognosis than non-healthcare workers (NHCW). Methods Observational cohort study based on the SEMI-COVID-19 Registry, a nationwide registry that collects sociodemographic, clinical, laboratory, and treatment data on patients hospitalised with COVID-19 in Spain. Patients aged 20-65 years were selected. A multivariate logistic regression model was performed to identify factors associated with mortality. Results As of 22 May 2020, 4393 patients were included, of whom 419 (9.5%) were HCW. Median (interquartile range) age of HCW was 52 (15) years and 62.4% were women. Prevalence of comorbidities and severe radiological findings upon admission were less frequent in HCW. There were no difference in need of respiratory support and admission to intensive care unit, but occurrence of sepsis and in-hospital mortality was lower in HCW (1.7% vs. 3.9%; p = 0.024 and 0.7% vs. 4.8%; p<0.001 respectively). Age, male sex and comorbidity, were independently associated with higher in-hospital mortality and healthcare working with lower mortality (OR 0.211, 95%CI 0.067-0.667, p = 0.008). 30-days survival was higher in HCW (0.968 vs. 0.851 p<0.001). Conclusions Hospitalized COVID-19 HCW had fewer comorbidities and a better prognosis than NHCW. Our results suggest that professional exposure to COVID-19 in HCW does not carry more clinical severity nor mortality