Registros novos e adicionais de teleósteos marinhos na costa brasileira

São apresentadas novas informações sobre a distribuição geográfica de algumas espécies de peixes teleósteos que ocorrem na costa brasileira, incluindo duas espécies que nunca haviam sido registradas em nossas águas. Os serranídeos Pseudogramma gregoryi (assinalado da Flórida à Venezuela) e Plectranthias garrupellus (registrado da Carolina do Norte ao Caribe) foram encontrados, respectivamente, na costa do Ceará e na costa sudeste-sul do Brasil. São aqui mencionados e discutidos os dois primeiros registros do gênero Caristius (Caristiidae) no Brasil, bem como os primeiros registros na costa sudeste-sul do Brasil das espécies Enchelycore carychroa (Muraenidae), e Chilomycterus antillarum (Diodontidae), e da espécie Neobythites brasiliensis(Bythitidae) no nordeste do Brasil. É também assinalada a ocorrência mais setentrional do pargo Calamus mu (Sparidae), uma espécie até então circunscrita à região entre o Espírito Santo e São Paulo, e são discutidos os registros adicionais de Bascanichthys paulensis (Ophichthidae), Nezumia aequalis (Macrouridae), Antigonia combatia (Caproidae) e Notolycodes schmidti (Zoarcidae) na costa brasileira.New data of the geographical distribution of several species of teleost fishes assigned to the Brazilian coast, including some species never previously recorded, are presented. The serranids Pseudogramma gregoryi (recorded from Florida to Venezuela), and Plectranthias garrupellus (recorded from North Carolina to Caribbean Sea) were found, respectively, in coast of Ceará and in southeastern and southern Brazilian coast. The two sole records the family Caristiidae in Brazilian coast are mentioned and discussed, and are given herein the first accounts of the species Enchelycore carychroa (Muraenidae) and Chilomycterus antillarum (Diodontidae) from southeastern Brazilian coast, and of Neobythites brasiliensis (Bythitidae) from northeastern Brazilian coast. We have also discussed the northernmost occurrence of Calamus mu (Sparidae), a species formerly circumscribed to the region between Espírito Santo and São Paulo, and additional records of Bascanichthys paulensis (Ophichthidae), Nezumia aequalis (Macrouridae), Antigonia combatia (Caproidae) and Notolycodes schmitti (Zoarcidae).Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq

Accelerated Internationalization in Emerging Markets: Empirical Evidence from Brazilian Technology-Based Firms

This paper offers an analysis into the external factors influencing the accelerated internationalization of technology-based firms (TBFs) in the context of an emerging country, Brazil. This type of firm is typically called born global and has been reported mainly in high technology sectors and from developed countries. A survey was applied to small and medium Brazilian TBFs. Logistic regression was used to test the research hypotheses. The results suggest that new and small Brazilian technology-based firms, which followed an accelerated internationalization process, are most likely to be integrated into a global production chain. Results also show that TBFs which take more than five years to enter the international market, benefit more from the location in an innovation habitat, the partnerships in the home country, and the pro-internationalization government policies. Therefore, this research contributes to a better understanding of the phenomenon and points to new perspectives of studies

Frugal innovation and operational performance: the role of organizational learning capability

Purpose: This study aimed to analyze the Organizational Learning Capability relationship with Operational Performance and Frugal Innovation across Brazilian companies.  Design/methodology/approach: Quantitative research was performed using collected data from 154 firms, which were analyzed using Structural Equation Modelling. Findings: The results showed that Organizational Learning Capability is an antecedent of frugal innovation. The results also predict a better Operational Performance for companies that actively innovate cost-effectively. Another result was the positive relationship between the Organizational Learning Capability and the Operational Performance. We found that the indirect and positive relationship between Organizational Learning Capability, Frugal Innovation and Operational Performance was confirmed, reinforcing the literature. Research implications: A theoretical implication of this study can be seen in the establishment of the relationship between Organizational Learning Capability, Frugal Innovation and Operational Performance since no studies linking these variables together were found. Therefore, the Organizational Learning Capability and the Frugal Innovation can be considered facilitators of the Operational Performance. Practical implications: Managers should consider organizational learning and Frugal Innovation when thinking about firms' Operational Performance. In this way, to facilitate and achieve higher performance, it was found that Organizational Learning Capability and Frugal Innovation have a great deal of impact on Operational Performance. Social implications: At Frugal Innovation, the needs of citizens are prioritized. It is a great instrument to face crises since it consists of developing simpler and cheaper products and services quickly, making them accessible to a larger group of consumers. Originality/value: This study seeks to understand whether Brazilian companies are moving towards a more frugal innovation strategy. The study opens the possibility of showing whether the Organizational Learning Capability has also impacted this change

MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry identification of yeast-form fungi: A comparison between methods

Introduction: Identification of yeast species has clinical and epidemiological value. Different methods can be used, such as chromogenic media, microculture on corn meal agar with Tween 80, as well as conventional biochemical and automated methods. Recently, proteomic studies employing matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight (MALDI-TOF) mass spectrometry have been a major advance in diagnosis due to speed of execution and accuracy of results. Methods: For this study, 79 yeast samples were submitted to identification using chromogenic medium, microculture on corn meal-Tween 80 agar, VITEK® 2 Compact identification, and MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry. Results: Most of the 79 samples were identified, with differences in the performance of the methods used. Colonial morphology and microscopy were compatible with the genus Candida. MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry had the best performance, with 78 strains identified (98.7%), compared to VITEK® 2 Compact (92.4%) and microculture on corn meal agar (70.9%). Conclusion: MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry using the VITEK® MS instrument performed best and has proven to be a revolutionary method in clinical microbiology laboratories. Regarding the identification of C. albicans and C. tropicalis, the chromogenic medium had excellent performance, thus being a good option to optimize the process. Keywords: Mass spectrometry; matrix-assisted laser desorption-ionization; candidiasis; Candida; yeast

Características das micro-empresas no setor de serviços produtivos intensivos em informação e conhecimento

O objetivo deste trabalho é analisar algumas características das microempresas do setor de serviços produtivos intensivos em informação e conhecimento (SPIIC’s) frente às demais empresas de serviços. Esse tema mostra-se relevante dada a crescente importância conquistada pelo setor de serviços na atividade econômica e nos fluxos comerciais internacionais, bem como pela especificidade dos SPIIC’s, cuja dinâmica de inovação tecnológica é parte integrante de seu padrão de funcionamento e de sua forma de relacionamento intersetorial. Os SPIIC’s são compostos por: serviços de telecomunicações; informática e atividades conexas, P&D, serviços técnicos às empresas e serviços audiovisuais. Para o desenvolvimento deste estudo foi utilizada a base de informações e os indicadores gerados pela PAEP 2001, sendo esta uma pesquisa de ampla cobertura sobre o setor de serviços no Estado de São Paulo.This paper aims to analyse some characteristics of small firms in the area of Knowledge Intensive Business Services (KIBS) as compared to other service companies. The subject shows to be relevant both due to the growing importance of the service industry in economic activities and in international business transactions, and to the specificity of the (KIBS), whose dynamics of technological innovation is essential to its working pattern and to the interindustry relationships they generate. The KIBS consist of Telecommunications, informatics and similar activities, R & D, technical services for companies and audiovisual services. In its development this study used a Database generated by FAEP 2001, which offers a comprehensive outlook of the service industry in the state of Sao Paulo

THE NEW ROLE OF SUBSIDIARIES FROM EMERGENT COUNTRIES IN THE INNOVATION IN MNC - THE CASE OF GMB

Este estudo propõe uma discussão sobre o deslocamento intrafirma de serviços de alto valor adicionado de países centrais para países emergentes, através do estudo de caso do desenvolvimento de produtos em subsidiárias brasileiras de multinacionais da indústria automotiva. O deslocamento dos serviços de desenvolvimento de produto dentro da indústria automotiva acrescenta resultados teóricos importantes para modelos de descentralização de atividades de inovação e Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento - P&D em empresas multinacionais, mormente na área de serviços. O estudo de caso destaca a evolução da subsidiária brasileira posteriormente ao desenvolvimento do “Programa Meriva” (automóvel). Os dados são analisados sob o prisma da descentralização do desenvolvimento de conhecimento em empresas multinacionais, trazendo contribuições para esse modelo, e com base na análise econômica da Teoria das Vantagens Comparativas Dinâmicas. O estudo elenca fatores emergentes para esse tipo de desenvolvimento e sugere o fim da administração do ciclo-de-vida do produto como paradigma de relacionamento matriz-subsidiária.This paper discusses the intra-firm shift of high add value services, from central economies to emergent ones, through the case study of product development in Brazilian subsidiaries of automotive Multinational Enterprises, particularly the General Motors case. The study focuses the development of the Brazilian subsidiary of General Motors after the design and production of Meriva (automobile). Data are analysed under a model of knowledge development decentralization, adding contributions to it, and through Dynamical Comparative Advantage Theory. Results point to the emergent factors to this kind of development, and they also propose the end of the product life-cycle management as subsidiary-headquarters relationship paradigm

Baixos níveis séricos de vitamina D aumentam significativamente o risco de morte em idosos com fraturas de quadril : coorte prospectiva

Objective: to evaluate the relationship between 25(OH)D3 levels and fatal outcome in patients over 60 years of age undergoing surgical repair of hip fractures. Methods: prospective cohort of patients undergoing surgical repair of hip fractures. At admission, 25(OH)D3 levels were measured, among other parameters. Patients were followed for at least 1 year, and incident mortality was recorded. Results: 209 patients were included in the study, with a mean age of 79.5 ± 7.6 years among survivors and 80.7 ± 8.2 years among those who died in the first postoperative year (p=0.346). The 25(OH)D3 levels of survivors were significantly higher than those of patients who died (p=0.003). After adjusting for confounding variables, 25(OH)D3 levels below 12.5ng/mL were significant risk factors regardless of mortality (adjusted OR: 7.6; 95% CI: 2.35 to 24.56). Conclusions: our data show that serum 25(OH)D3 levels below 12.5ng/mL significantly and independently increased the risk of mortality in the first year after surgical repair of low-energy hip fracture in patients over 60 years of age in the geographic region where this study was conducted. Low albumin also showed a significant association with mortality in these patients. All other factors had no significant associations.Métodos: coorte prospectiva de pacientes submetidos a correção cirúrgica de fraturas de quadril. À admissão, foram medidos os níveis de 25(OH)D3, entre outros parâmetros. Os pacientes foram acompanhados por, pelo menos, um ano e a mortalidade foi registrada. Resultados: foram incluídos 209 pacientes no estudo, com média de idade de 79,5 ± 7,6 anos entre os sobreviventes e 80,7 ± 8,2 anos entre os que morreram no primeiro ano de pós-operatório (p=0,346). Os níveis de 25(OH)D3 dos sobreviventes foram significativamente maiores do que os dos pacientes que morreram (p=0,003). Após o ajuste para variáveis de confusão, níveis de 25(OH)D3 abaixo de 12,5ng/mL foram fator de risco significativo, independentemente da mortalidade (OR ajustado 7,6; IC 95% 2,35 24,56). Conclusões: níveis séricos de 25(OH)D3 abaixo de 12,5ng/mL aumentaram significativa e independentemente o risco de morte no primeiro ano após o reparo cirúrgico de fratura de quadril de baixa energia em pacientes com mais de 60 anos de idade na região geográfica onde este estudo foi realizado. A albumina baixa também teve associação significativa com a mortalidade nesses pacientes. Todos os outros fatores não tiveram associações significativas

Analysis of the innovation value chain in strategic projects of the Brazilian Army

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to describe and compare seven case studies of strategic innovation projects of the Brazilian army; these projects present high transformational potential and high investments and are supported by technology and science policies. Design/methodology/approach – The authors present herein multiple case studies in which the authors conduct a documentary analysis of the innovation processes in the Brazilian army, as well as semi-structured interviews conducted with eight servicemen with more than 15 years of working experience. Findings – The results obtained suggest that the innovation process occurs in four stages: creation, selection, development and diffusion of ideas. Practical implications – The research is relevant because it presents how the interaction between the Brazilian army, companies and academia strengthens the innovation ecosystem, stimulating the development of best practices for the management of strategic projects. Originality/value – The main contribution of this study is to present the strategic project management of innovation based on public policies and investment in projects of the Brazilian army, which are drivers for the development of ecosystems that promote the creation and expansion of companies, the diffusion of technological knowledge in universities, and suitable solutions for the military sector

Lugar e Animismo: geografias do (co)habitar em mundos partilhados

Due to the contemporary socio-environmental crisis, human sciences have sought out other ways to comprehend the reality that transcend the dichotomies of cartesian thought. One such alternative is the rehabilitation of animism in its potential of decentering anthropocentrism and valorize non-human consciousness. This essay, thus, seeks to problematize the concept of place in cultural and humanist geography through contemporary animistic influences, especially its eco-phenomenological perspective. It considers that placeness has more-than-human meanings through which it manifests intersubjective, intercorporal and interanimal ways of feeling and thinking the conditions of earthly co-dwelling. The cross-pollination of human and non-human sense of places highlight the experiential multiplicities of geographical reality. This process is a consequence of the strange kinship that intertwines plants, animals, rocks, atmospheres and other-than-human phenomena in webs of earthly inherences and co-vulnerabilities. It concludes that more than regard dwelling, places converge in reversibility, interdependency, communication and tension that are consequences of polyphonic co-dwelling in shared worlds.Face à crise socioambiental contemporânea, as ciências humanas têm buscado outras formas de compreender a realidade que superam as dicotomias do pensamento cartesiano. Uma das alternativas é a reabilitação do animismo como potencial de descentramento do antropocentrismo, de forma a valorizar formas de consciência não-humana. Nesse sentido, o presente ensaio visa problematizar o conceito de lugar da geografia cultural e humanista por meio das influências do animismo contemporâneo, especialmente de sua vertente eco-fenomenológica. Considera-se que a lugaridade conflui por nexos mais-que-humanos nos quais formas de sentir e pensar intersubjetivos, intercorporais e de interanimalidade se manifestam como condições do coabitar na Terra. Pelo entendimento das polinizações cruzadas de sentidos de lugares humanos e não-humanos, salientam-se as multiplicidades experienciais da realidade geográfica. Esse processo decorre do estranho parentesco que enovela animais, plantas, rochas, atmosferas e outros fenômenos outros-que-humanos em uma teia de inerências e co vulnerabilidades terrestres. Conclui-se que mais que concernir à habitação, os lugares convergem em reversibilidades, interdependências, comunicações e tensões referentes ao (com) partilhar polifônico de coabitação