Product vacua with boundary states

We introduce a family of quantum spin chains with nearest-neighbor interactions that can serve to clarify and refine the classification of gapped quantum phases of such systems. The gapped ground states of these models can be described as a product vacuum with a finite number of particles bound to the edges. The numbers of particles, n_L and n_R, that can bind to the left and right edges of the finite chains serve as indices of the particular phase a model belongs to. All these ground states, which we call Product Vacua with Boundary States (PVBS) can be described as Matrix Product States (MPS). We present a curve of gapped Hamiltonians connecting the AKLT model to its representative PVBS model, which has indices n_L=n_R=1. We also present examples with n_L=n_R=J, for any integer J\geq 1, that are related to a recently introduced class of SO(2J+1)-invariant quantum spin chains.Comment: New section on SO(2J+1)-invariant model

Two-State Folding, Folding through Intermediates, and Metastability in a Minimalistic Hydrophobic-Polar Model for Proteins

Within the frame of an effective, coarse-grained hydrophobic-polar protein model, we employ multicanonical Monte Carlo simulations to investigate free-energy landscapes and folding channels of exemplified heteropolymer sequences, which are permutations of each other. Despite the simplicity of the model, the knowledge of the free-energy landscape in dependence of a suitable system order parameter enables us to reveal complex folding characteristics known from real bioproteins and synthetic peptides, such as two-state folding, folding through weakly stable intermediates, and glassy metastability.Comment: 10 pages, 1 figur

An Automatic Spinning Device for the Harvard Kymograph

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Habanera : The Pearl of Madrid

https://digitalcommons.library.umaine.edu/mmb-ps/2403/thumbnail.jp

Les Sylphes : Impromptu Valse

https://digitalcommons.library.umaine.edu/mmb-ps/3180/thumbnail.jp

La Cigale : The Grasshopper

https://digitalcommons.library.umaine.edu/mmb-ps/1212/thumbnail.jp

Potential neoplasm inhibitors

The historical portion of this paper is designed to show the value of mustard compounds in the treatment of cancer and the methods used to take advantage of various exploit­ able variants between normal tissue and cancerous tissue. The experimental section is an effort to evaluate and take advantage of the variant of pH

Isabelle : Grand Valse

https://digitalcommons.library.umaine.edu/mmb-ps/3460/thumbnail.jp

Les Hirondelles : The Swallows

https://digitalcommons.library.umaine.edu/mmb-ps/1230/thumbnail.jp