Johannes Bobrowski: Mäusefest

Indem das Mäusefest in die historische Wirklichkeit eingebettet wird, verweist es über die begrenzte Begebenheit hinaus ins allgemein Politische. Im Unscheinbaren und Abseitigen wird die Wahrnehmung für die verschüttete Vergangenheit wachgerufen, so daß Moral, Schuld und Trauer das Idyllische für immer zerstören. Die Erzählung „Mäusefest“ ist ein besonders eindringliches Beispiel für Bobrowskis Verständnis einer moralischen und sozialen Verpflichtung von Literatur. Sein besonderes Anliegen gilt der deutschen Kriegsschuld den östlichen Ländern gegenüber. „Mäusefest“ gehört zu Bobrowskis Erzählungen vom Krieg, die auf eigene Erfahrungen gründen. Den biographischen Hintergrund bildet hierbei die Anwesenheit Bobrowskis beim deutschen Überfall auf Polen als Soldat der Wehrmacht. Bobrowski legte stets großen Wert auf die persönliche Erfahrung und damit auch auf die persönliche Schuld, die die Basis seiner Literatur bilden

Molecular keys to the Janthinobacterium and Duganella spp. Interaction with the plant pathogen Fusarium graminearum

Janthinobacterium and Duganella are well-known for their antifungal effects. Surprisingly, almost nothing is known on molecular aspects involved in the close bacterium-fungus interaction. To better understand this interaction, we established the genomes of 11 Janthinobacterium and Duganella isolates in combination with phylogenetic and functional analyses of all publicly available genomes. Thereby, we identified a core and pan genome of 1058 and 23,628 genes. All strains encoded secondary metabolite gene clusters and chitinases, both possibly involved in fungal growth suppression. All but one strain carried a single gene cluster involved in the biosynthesis of alpha-hydroxyketone-like autoinducer molecules, designated JAI-1. Genome-wide RNA-seq studies employing the background of two isolates and the corresponding JAI-1 deficient strains identified a set of 45 QS-regulated genes in both isolates. Most regulated genes are characterized by a conserved sequence motif within the promoter region. Among the most strongly regulated genes were secondary metabolite and type VI secretion system gene clusters. Most intriguing, co-incubation studies of J. sp. HH102 or its corresponding JAI-1 synthase deletion mutant with the plant pathogen Fusarium graminearum provided first evidence of a QS-dependent interaction with this pathogen

Long-lived spin-polarized intermolecular exciplex states in thermally activated delayed fluorescence-based organic light-emitting diodes

Spin-spin interactions in organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) based on thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) are pivotal because radiative recombination is largely determined by triplet-to-singlet conversion, also called reverse intersystem crossing (RISC). To explore the underlying process, we apply a spin-resonance spectral hole-burning technique to probe electroluminescence. We find that the triplet exciplex states in OLEDs are highly spin-polarized and show that these states can be decoupled from the heterogeneous nuclear environment as a source of spin dephasing and can even be coherently manipulated on a spin-spin relaxation time scale T-2* of 30 ns. Crucially, we obtain the characteristic triplet exciplex spin-lattice relaxation time T-1 in the range of 50 mu s, which far exceeds the RISC time. We conclude that slow spin relaxation rather than RISC is an efficiency-limiting step for intermolecular donor:acceptor systems. Finding TADF emitters with faster spin relaxation will benefit this type of TADF OLEDs