The Kyoto Protocol and Global Environmental Strategies of the EU, the U.S. and Japan: A Perspective from Japan

Despite the objection of the Bush administration to the U.S.'s ratification of the Kyoto Protocol, its entry into force has come to be realistic due to the Bonn Agreement in July. The purpose of this paper is first to survey the framework of the Protocol, and then to analyze the strategic positions of the EU, the U.S., and Japan in negotiations for designing the details of the Protocol. Finally, this paper intends to consider the due strategy of Japan, as well as to identify the problems of the Protocol, which will be a help for designing a new framework that will enable the participation of developing countries.

Advances in the physics studies for the JT-60SA tokamak exploitation and research plan

JT-60SA, the largest tokamak that will operate before ITER, has been designed and built jointly by Japan and Europe, and is due to start operation in 2020. Its main missions are to support ITER exploitation and to contribute to the demonstration fusion reactor machine and scenario design. Peculiar properties of JT-60SA are its capability to produce long-pulse, high-ß, and highly shaped plasmas. The preparation of the JT-60SA Research Plan, plasma scenarios, and exploitation are producing physics results that are not only relevant to future JT-60SA experiments, but often constitute original contributions to plasma physics and fusion research. Results of this kind are presented in this paper, in particular in the areas of fast ion physics, high-beta plasma properties and control, and non-linear edge localised mode stability studies.Postprint (published version

Benchmark of ACCSIM-ORBIT codes for space charge and electron-lens compensation

Numerical simulation is a possible approach to evaluate and to understand space charge effects in the CERN injector chain for the LHC. Several codes to simulate space charge effects have been developed, and we performed a benchmark of ACCSIM [1] and ORBIT [2] in this study. The study is highly motivated since beam losses and/or deteriorations in beam quality due to space charge effects are not negligible or sometimes considerable in the complex, especially in the Proton Synchrotron Booster. We also discuss a possibility of compensation of space charge effects by applying “electron-lens”

Accumulator lattice design for SPL Beam

In this note, a design study of an accumulator ring, which is a component of proton driver in the neutrino factory, is described. Proton beam accelerated with the SPL (Superconducting Proton Linac) is accumulated in the ring for several tens of μs, and is transported to a compressor ring. The proton bunches are then compressed and are finally sent to the target