Interkulturelle Website-Forschung : Analyse und Bewertung der Darstellung der Istanbul-Website http://www.istanbul.de und http://www.istanbul.com.tr

Diese Diplomarbeit analysiert und bewertet die Darstellung der Istanbul- Website anhand der Beispiele http://www.istanbul.de und http://www.istanbul.com.tr. Nach einer Übersicht über einige Hauptmerkmale der türkischen Kultur folgen die Bewertungskriterien für die Website-Analyse. Webdesign beeinflusst nicht nur die Lesbarkeit sondern auch die generelle Funktionsweise einer Website. Gutes Design sollte die Orientierungslosigkeit und Enttäuschung des Informationssuchenden verhindern. Anhand der Grundsätze der Kultur- und Website-Analyse wird ein Fragenkatalog angefertigt, der für die interkulturelle Website-Forschung dient. Weil sich die Technik immer weiterentwickelt und es nicht abschätzbar ist, wie in Zukunft die Websites gestaltet werden, welche technischen Möglichkeiten bestehen und weil sich das Verhalten der Benutzer ändert, kann diese Diplomarbeit nur einen momentanen Einblick in diese Thematik geben

Health care financing and economic development : a comparative study of the Czech Republic and Turkey

Health care systems in many countries around the world have been subject to major reform initiatives since 1980s and 1990s. The main rationale for reform was an increasing need to control costs in health care as the countries struggled to adapt to the global economic conjuncture and deal with their financial problems. The movement to reform health care arose in that context and spread amongst health care experts and policy makers. The aim of this study is to understand how reforms were initiated and what forces drove them. This topic is addressed through the case studies of change in health care policies in Turkey and the Czech Republic, both of which having experienced the influence of global economic trends, yet are defined by fundamentally different economic, political and social conditions. The findings of the study support that health policy ideas were diffused to the two countries via international policy networks; domestic contexts facilitated the diffusion. Interest groups were important actors in both countries, but the role played by various groups differed in the two countries. Finally, the countries appear to have tendency to converge to a certain degree with regard to their health financing system. Key words: Health care reform, policy diffusion, globalization, Czech Republic, Turkey.Department of Public and Social PolicyKatedra veřejné a sociální politikyFaculty of Social SciencesFakulta sociálních vě

Ürolojik Cerrahi Geçiren Çocuklarda Postoperatif Ağrı ve Analjezik İhtiyacının FLACC Skoruna Göre Değerlendirilmesi : Retrospektif Gözlemsel Çalışma

Amaç: Pediatrik ürolojik girişim uygulanmış hastalardan postoperatif ağrı tedavisinde parasetamol ya da rejyonal tekniklerden kaudal blok kullanılmış olan ve FLACC skalası ile postoperatif analjezi ölçümü yapılmış olan hastaları retrospektif olarak değerlendirmeyi amaçladık. Gereç ve Yöntem: Çalışmada yaşları 0 ile 12 arasında değişen, Nisan 2019 ile Temmuz 2019 tarihleri arasında ürolojik günübirlik cerrahi uygulanmış toplam 55 hastanın dosyaları retrospektif olarak değerlendirilmiştir. Kaudal epidural analjezi yapılan pediatrik hastalar Grup 1 olarak adlandırılırken, iv parasetamol verilen Grup 2 olarak adlandırılmıştır. FLACC skorları 10 dakika da bir olmak üzere 50 dakika boyunca uygulanmış. 10, 20, 30, 40 ve 50. dk’daki skorları hesaplanmıştır. Skor sonucuna göre ek analjezik yapılan hastalar not edilmiştir.Bulgular: Hastaların yaş ortalaması Grup 1’de 5.5±3.4 yıl iken Grup 2’de 6.2±3.6 yıl idi. Ortalama cerrahi süresi Grup 1’de 36.9±25.5, Grup 2’de ise 23.5±17.2 dakika idi. Postoperatif FLACC skorları 10, 20, 30, 40. dakikalarda grup 2’de Grup 1’e göre anlamlı derecede yüksekti ve yine 50. dakikada bile anlamlı derecede yüksek tespit edildi. Postoperatif ek analjezik ihtiyacı Grup 1’de hiçbir hastaya gerekmezken %0 , grup 2’deki 14 hastaya %50 ek analjezik olarak iv parasetamol 15 mg/kg verilmiştir.Sonuç: Çalışmamızda ağrı ortaya çıkmadan önce önleme konusunda kaudal epidural analjezi tekniğinin uygulanmasının postoperatif ağrı kontrolünü sağlamada etkin olduğunu tespit ettik. İlave olarak kaudal analjezinin postoperatif dönemde ek analjezik ihtiyacını azaltması, analjeziklerden oluşabilecek yan etkilerden sakınma ve maliyeti düşürme açısından avantajları düşünüldüğünde pediatrik grup hastalarda tercih sebebi olması gerektiğini düşünmekteyi

Ultrasound versus computed tomography scan findings in pediatric blunt abdominal traumas

Objective: We aimed to evaluate the performance of ultrasonography (US) versus computed tomography (CT) scan in detecting intra-abdominal injury among pediatric patients with blunt abdominal trauma. Methods: Pediatric patients aged<18, who were admitted to the emergency department (ED) due to abdominal trauma and underwent both US and CT scan were evaluated retrospectively. Results: A total of 732 pediatric patients were included in this study. Pathology was detected on US of 418 (57.1%) cases, whereas, intra-abdominal pathology was detected in CT scan of 359 (48.7%) cases. The sensitivity of US in detecting pathology (fluid and/or organ injury) was 95.3%, and its specificity was 79.6%. The sensitivity of US in detecting free fluid was 94.9%, and its specificity was 80.5%. In patients with unstable and stable hemodynamic, the sensitivities of US in detection of pathology (fluid and/or organ injury) were 97.6% and 91.6%, and its specificities were 74.3% and 80.9%, respectively. Conclusions: In our study, the sensitivity of US in terms of detecting pathology in pediatrics with blunt abdominal trauma was high, whereas the specificity of US was low

Fabrication of Gd2O3/PSF Membranes via Aqueous Phase Inversion Method

This study aimed to investigate the effect of Gadolinium oxide (Gd2O3) concentration (0.5%, 1%, and 2%) on the performance of polysulfone (PSF) membrane. The membranes were fabricated by a common phase inversion method. The performance of membranes was determined based on pure water flux, bovine serum albumin (BSA) permeation test. These fabricated membranes were characterized by FTIR and contact angle measurements. The highest BSA rejection was 53%. The optimum membrane (2 % wt Gd2O3 /17 % wt PSF) in this study was determined by PSF 17% which successfully exhibited 53% rejection with filtrate flux for about 8.7 L/m2.h at a pressure of 10 bar

Correlations between autonomic dysfunction and circadian changes and arrhythmia prevalence in women with fibromyalgia syndrome

WOS: 000265395700007PubMed: 19357052Objective: It is known that increased sympathetic activity and decreased parasympathetic activity are present in patients with fibromyalgia syndrome (FMS). This study aims to investigate the correlations of autonomic dysfunction and differences in autonomic circadian activity with arrhythmia prevalence in women with FMS. Methods: Fifty female patients with FMS and 30 healthy female controls were included in this cross-sectional, case-controlled study. A 12-lead electrocardiogram and 24-hour Holter monitoring were performed in all patients to evaluate arrhythmias and autonomic function tests. Heart rate variability (HRV) parameters were utilized to detect autonomic dysfunction in patients with FMS. HRV measurements were performed in total 24-hour, day time (06:00-22:59), night time (23:00-05:59) periods and during autonomic tests (stand - supine, inspiration-expiration and Valsalva tests) using 24-hour Holter monitoring recordings. Student t-test, Mann-Whitney U and Pearson Chi-square tests were used for comparisons of the data between groups. The correlation of data was tested by using Spearman correlation analysis. Results: The mean ages of the patient and control groups were 38 +/- 7.4 and 36 +/- 8.1 years, respectively. In HRV measurements, high frequency (HF) power, was significantly decreased in the patient group as compared with control group (167.4 msec(2) (107.0-312.0) vs.314.5 msec(2) (124.0-905.0), p=0.017). The low frequency/HF ratio (LF/HF) values for total 24 hours (2.22 +/- 0.18 vs. 1.22 +/- 0.12, p<0.001) and in the night time period (2.78 +/- 1.97 vs.1.15 +/- 0.77, p<0.001) were found to be significantly higher in the patient group than in control one. The ratio of LF/HFDay/LF/HFNight was markedly higher in the control group (2.67 (1.22-5.65) vs. 1.45 (0.83-2.05), p=0.004). The prevalence (p=0.028) and total number (127.1 +/- 21.4 vs. 187.3 +/- 62.3, p=0.019) of supraventricular extrasystoles in 24-hour period was higher in the patient group. Conclusion: The sympathetic activity was significantly increased and parasympathetic activity significantly decreased in FMS patients. Additionally, significant autonomic circadian activity changes were also detected in these patients. These autonomic changes might be linked to increased arrhythmia prevalence. (Anadolu Kardiyol Derg 2009, 9: 110-7

Bovine Colostrum and Its Potential for Human Health and Nutrition

Colostrum is the first milk produced post-partum by mammals and is compositionally distinct from mature milk. Bovine colostrum has a long history of consumption by humans, and there have been a number of studies investigating its potential for applications in human nutrition and health. Extensive characterization of the constituent fractions has identified a wealth of potentially bioactive molecules, their potential for shaping neonatal development, and the potential for their application beyond the neonatal period. Proteins, fats, glycans, minerals, and vitamins are abundant in colostrum, and advances in dairy processing technologies have enabled the advancement of bovine colostrum from relative limitations of a fresh and unprocessed food to a variety of potential applications. In these forms, clinical studies have examined bovine colostrumas having the substantial potential to improve human health. This review discusses the macro-and micronutrient composition of colostrum as well as describing well-characterized bioactives found in bovine colostrum and their potential for human health. Current gaps in knowledge are also identified and future directions are considered in order to elevate the potential for bovine colostrum as a component of a healthy diet for a variety of relevant human populations