The Genetic Estimation of Fruit Component Parameters of Seven Coconut Populations Without a Progeny Test

Heritability of fruit characters, such as fruit weight, husk weight, husk thickness, sheal weight, endosperm (water) weight, albumen weight, copra weight, oil content, fruit length and ftuit width. have been estimated on seven coconut populations. The results showed that most of the fruit components of Malayan Red Dwarf (MRD) and Malayan Yellow Dwarf (Mm)had relatively high heritability (>0.80), except fruit weight of MRD (0.74) and albumen weight of MYD (0.78). On the other hand, the heritability of those characters in tall populatidns varied between population. All of fruit characters on Polynesian Tall (PYT) and Seruwai Tall (SAT) had relatively high heritability (>0.80). On West African Tall (WAT), most Of the heritability of the fruit characters were relatively high (>0.80). except husk weight (0.75). endosperm weight (0.79) and oil content (0.41). Heritability of seven characters of Bali Tall (BLT) were relatively high, but those of three characters were relatively low; i.e. husk weight (0.52). fruit width (0.56) and husk thickness (0.71). Three fruit characters of Rmnell Tall (RLT) shown higher heritability. those are husk thickness (0.87), endosperm weight (0.92) and fruit length (0.90)

cDNA Cloning of Stearoylacp Desaturase (sad) Gene from Palm Oil (Elaes guineensis)

As one of the source of edible oil used in food, the quality of palm oil becomes an important parameter. Nowadays, consumers demand edible oil which is high in unsaturated fatty acid due to the link of saturated fatty acid with cholesterol. In order to overcome the slow process of breeding program due to the length of the life cycle of palm oil, transgenic palm oil with higher unsaturaed fatty acid is constructed. The first step to achieve this goal is cloning the target gene from the palm oil mesocarp using PCR method with cDNA as the template. In this experiment, cDNA was synthesized from total RNA isolated from palm oil mesocap and specific primer pairs was designed. At the end of this experment, a 541 by DNA fragment was obtained and proved by sequencing as a fragment of gene encoding Stearoyl ACP Desaturase (sad) from palm oil (Elaeis guineensis) mesocarp. Keywords: sad, cDNA cloning, palm oil, PC

Effect of Plant Gowth Regulator on The Gowth of Zygotic Embryos in Three Types of Oil Palm Fruit (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) in Tissue Culture

Surahman H, Sulaksono G, Sembiring Z, Kurnianingsih A, Priadi DP, Asmono D. 2020. Effect of plant gowth regulator on the gowth of zygotic embryos in three types of oil palm fruit (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) in tissue culture. Jurnal Lahan Suboptimal : Journal of Suboptimal Lands 9(2): 149-159.Embryo culture is a widely used and effective way of overcoming the dormancy nature of seeds in oil palm.  At the germination stage, the influence of gowth regulators play an important role although in relatively lower concentrations in the germination media. This aim research determined the effect of adding various concentrations of gowth regulator on the three types of oil palm fruit based on the thickness of the shell. This research carried out at the Tissue Culture Laboratory of PT. Sampoerna Ago Tbk. from September 2018 to January 2019. The gowth regulator substances used in this study were NAA, BAP and GA3. The composition of the gowth regulators used were H1 = 0.05 mg/L NAA + 0.1 mg/L BAP + 0.1 mg/L GA3, H2 = 0.05 mg/L NAA + 0.3 mg/L BAP + 0.1 mg/L GA3, H3 = 0.05 mg/L NAA + 0.5 mg/L BAP + 0.1 mg/L GA3 and H4 = No gowth regulator. While the types of oil palm fruit used were C1 = Dura, C2 = Tenera and C3 = Pisifera. This research used a factorial complete randomized design with three replications. The results showed that in general the use of gowth regulator substances H1 = 0.05 mg/L NAA + 0.1 mg/L BAP + 0.1 mg/L GA3 and the type of dura fruit showed positive results based on viability, scoring, survival and height of plantlets when compared with other treatments

The Genetic Estimation of Fruit Component Parameters of Seven Coconut Populations Without a Progeny Test

Heritability of fruit characters, such as fruit weight, husk weight, husk thickness, sheal weight, endosperm (water) weight, albumen weight, copra weight, oil content, fruit length and ftuit width. have been estimated on seven coconut populations. The results showed that most of the fruit components of Malayan Red Dwarf (MRD) and Malayan Yellow Dwarf (Mm)had relatively high heritability (>0.80), except fruit weight of MRD (0.74) and albumen weight of MYD (0.78). On the other hand, the heritability of those characters in tall populatidns varied between population. All of fruit characters on Polynesian Tall (PYT) and Seruwai Tall (SAT) had relatively high heritability (>0.80). On West African Tall (WAT), most Of the heritability of the fruit characters were relatively high (>0.80). except husk weight (0.75). endosperm weight (0.79) and oil content (0.41). Heritability of seven characters of Bali Tall (BLT) were relatively high, but those of three characters were relatively low; i.e. husk weight (0.52). fruit width (0.56) and husk thickness (0.71). Three fruit characters of Rmnell Tall (RLT) shown higher heritability. those are husk thickness (0.87), endosperm weight (0.92) and fruit length (0.90)

PENGARUH TINGKAT KEMATANGAN KOMPOS TANDAN KOSONG SAWIT DAN MULSA LIMBAH PADAT KELAPA SAWIT TERHADAP PRODUKSI TANAMAN TOMAT (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) PADA TANAH ULTISOL

Title : The Effect of Maturity Level of Empty Fruit Bunch Compost and Mulch from Palm Oil Waste to Tomato Productivity in Ultisol. This research was conducted to understand the effect of maturity level of empty fruit bunch compost and mulch from palm oil waste to tomato productivity in ultisol soil. This research used split plot design with mulch as main plot and maturity level of compost as sub plot. The mulch consists of four types: control, shell, fiber, and chopped of empty fruit bunch. The maturity level of compost consists of 5 levels: control, 4 weeks, 6 weeks, 8 weeks, and 10 weeks. Material used in this research was tomato Ratna variety. Compost of 8 weeks gave the lowest value of C/N ratio (35.16) than 4, 6, and 10 weeks. This compost also had the highest level of N-total, P and Mg: 1.34 %, 0.08 %, and 0.25 %. Compost containing the lowest C/N ratio and higher nutrition gave better vegetative growt. Compost of 8 weeks and fiber mulch provided the highest harvest weight and the highest number of fruit (436.56 gram and 16 fruits). Fruit number and fruit weight were lower than general tomato cultivation because of soil condition. Soil type was ultisol which had lower acidity level. The lower KTK level of this soil made distruption in nutrients uptake. Compost of 8 weeks could increase harvest weight 52.59 % higher than control and also could raise number of fruit 82.53 % higher than control. Shell mulch presented negative effect to growth and productivity of tomato.Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui pengaruh tingkat kematangan kompos tandan kosong sawit dan penggunaan mulsa limbah padat kelapa sawit terhadap produksi tanaman tomat (Licopersicon esculentum Mill.) pada wilayah dengan tanah ultisol. Percobaan menggunakan rancangan petak terbagi (Split Plot Design) dengan mulsa sebagai petak utama dan kematangan kompos sebagai anak petak. Mulsa terdiri dari empat jenis yaitu tanpa mulsa, cangkang, fiber, dan cacahan TKS. Sedangkan tingkat kematangan kompos terdiri dari 5 taraf yaitu tanpa kompos, kompos 4 minggu, kompos 6 minggu, kompos 8 minggu dan kompos 10 minggu. Bahan yang digunakan adalah tomat (Lycipersicon esculentum Mill.) varietas Ratna. Kompos 8 minggu memberikan nilai C/N ratio terendah dibandingkan umur 4, 6, dan 10 minggu yaitu 35.16. Kompos umur 8 minggu menghasilkan nilai N-total, P, dan Mg tertinggi dibandingkan 3 kompos lainnya yaitu 1.34 %, 0.08 %, dan 0.25 %. Kompos dengan C/N rasio lebih rendah dan kandungan hara yang lebih tinggi memberikan pertumbuhan vegetatif tomat yang lebih baik dibandingkan kompos lainnya. Kompos 8 minggu dan mulsa fiber menghasilkan bobot panen dan jumlah buah terbanyak yaitu 436.56 gram dengan 16 buah. Jumlah dan bobot buah yang dihasilkan pada penelitian ini lebih rendah bila dibandingkan budidaya tomat pada umumnya karena kondisi tanah ultisol yang masam. Nilai KTK yang rendah mengakibatkan terganggunya penyerapan hara tanaman. Bila dibandingkan kontrol, penggunaan kompos 8 minggu meningkatkan bobot buah 52.59 % dan jumlah buah sebesar 82.53 %. Penggunaan mulsa cangkang menunjukan pengaruh negatif terhadap pertumbuhan dan produksi tanaman tomat

Solubilisasi Fosfat Anorganik oleh Burkholderia spp. pada Rizosfer Kelapa Sawit (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) di Tanah Mineral Masam

Nugraha et al, 2019. Solubilization of Inorganic Phospate by Burkholderia spp. Associated with Oil Palm Rhizosphere in Mineral Acid Soil. JSLO 8(1):86-93.Phosphate Solubilizing Bacteria (PSB) play important role by enhancing phosphate availability bounded with Al3+ or  Fe3+ in acidic soils to oil palm plants through release the inorganic phosphate by enzyme or organic acids solubilization. The aims of this study were to isolate of PSB from oil palm rhizosphere and to conduct a comparative analysis of the solubility inorganic phosphates source by selected PSB. The ability of 15 selected PSB to grow and solubilize aluminum phosphate (AlPO4) and iron phosphate (FePO4) was examined and identified. The highest phospate solubilising efficiency showed K3.1 isolate with phosphate solubilization index 3.2 on NBRIP media. Quantitative analysis revealed that isolate K3.1 solubilized 53.52 mg/mL phosphate in 5 days after being inoculated in AlPO4 containing liquid medium, isolate A4 solubilized 63.45 mg/mL phosphate in 5 days after being inoculated in FePO4 containing liquid medium accompanied by a decrease in pH of the growth medium. Based on the 16s rRNA gene sequence analysis, isolate K3.1 and A.4 were closely related to Burkholderia arboris and Burkholderia gladioli. This potential isolates can be used in order to make oil palm crops more sustainable especially on marginal soil with low pH and less dependent on inorganic P fertilizers.Â

PEMBUATAN BIODEGRADABLE POT DARI JERAMI PADI DAN SAMPAH KERTAS DI SANGGAR GENIUS YATIM MANDIRI JEMBER

Yatim Mandiri merupakan lembaga amil zakat yang memiliki sanggar binaan Sanggar Genius. Sanggar Genius binaan Yatim Mandiri yang berada di wilayah Tempurejo membutuhkan pelatihan di bidang keterampilan, terutama peningkatan kesejahteraan masyarakat. Di sisi lain, pertumbuhan penduduk telah membawa berbagai dampak bagi masyarakat, salah satunya adalah sampah. Salah satu sampah yang dapat dimanfaatkan dan memiliki nilai jual yang tinggi adalah sampah kertas dan jerami padi. Mayoritas masyarakat Tempurejo yang berprofesi sebagai petani memungkinkan potensi pengolahan sampah kertas dan jerami sebagai „sampah‟ pertanian untuk dijadikan sebagai biodegradable pot yang mudah terurai oleh tanah. Selain mudah terurai, biodegradable pot yang dihasilkan juga dapat dijadikan sebagai salah satu peluang usaha yang menjanjikan. Melihat kondisi tersebut, tim pengabdian bersama mitra telah sepakat untuk melakukan pelatihan pembuatan biodegradable pot berbahan dasar kertas dan jerami padi. Selain melakukan pelatihan pembuatan, mitra juga diberikan pelatihan pemasaran biodegrable pot yang dihasilkan. Target luaran kegiatan ini adalah adanya artikel pada jurnal berISSN dan publikasi pada media masa/online/repository perguruan tinggi. Selain itu, target lain dari kegiatan pengabdian ini adalah adanya peningkatan daya saing masyarakat serta nilai tambah barang hasil daur ulang sehingga mampu meningkatkan kesejahteraan masyarakat. Kegiatan pengabdian yang akan dilakukan terdiri dari beberapa tahapan. Tahap pertama adalah analisis kebutuhan mitra. Melalui tahap ini, tim beserta mitra menentukan poin permasalahan serta solusi yang tepat dalam mengatasi permasalahan yang ditemukan. Tahap selanjutnya adalah tahap penyuluhan dan pelatihan. Tahap ini menjadi tahap penting dalam kegiatan pengadian melalui transfer ilmu pengetahuan dan teknologi dalam pembuatan biodegradable pot berbahan dasar kertas dan jerami serta pemasarannya. Setelah kegiatan pelatihan selesai dilakukan, maka tahap selanjutnya adalah monitoring dan evaluasi untuk mengetahui keberhasilan dari kegiatan pengabdian yang telah dilakukan. Kata Kunci — biodegradable pot, jerami, kertas, sanggar Genius.Â

Keragaan Genetik dan Pendugaan Heritabilitas pada Komponen Hasil dan Kandungan β-Karoten Progeni Kelapa Sawit

An experiment to study heritability, general combining ability (GCA), and specific combining ability (SCA) of some traits in oil palm progeny was conducted at Kebun Surya Adi, PT. Bina Sawit Makmur, Sampoerna Agro, Ogan Komering Ilir, Sumatera Selatan, from July 2006 until September 2008.  The research was arranged in alpha design with two replications, 50 progenies and 12 palms for each replication, respectively. The results showed that broad sense heritability estimates were high for mesocarp to fruit, oil to fresh mesocarp, and  kernel to fruit content ratios, and β-carotene content; medium for bunch number and oil to bunch ratio; and low for fresh bunch and fruit to bunch ratio. The general combining ability (GCA) of bunch number, mesocarp to fruit, oil to fresh mesocarp, and kernel to fruit ratios and β-carotene content were highly significant. Similarly, the specific combining ability (SCA) of mesocarp to fruit, oil to fresh mesocarp, and kernel to fruit ratios and β-carotene content were also highly significant.   Key words:  Heritability, combining ability, Elaeis guineensis Jacq., alpha design, β-caroten

Performa Tanaman Kelapa Sawit pada Musim Kering di Sumatera Selatan: Pengaruh Pemupukan terhadap Pertumbuhan Vegetatif dan Status Hara Tanaman

Prasetyo et al, 2019. Performance of Palm Oil in Dry Season in South Sumatera: Effect of Fertilizer on Vegetative Growth and Status of Nutrient. pp. 60-66.Most of the oil palm plantations in South Sumatra Province are planted in acid soils (Ultisol and Oxisol). The main limiting factor in acid soils is high acidity with low fertility. This condition is coupled with the typical climate conditions in South Sumatra, namely the existence of a strict boundary between the rainy and dry seasons. When the dry season, it is not uncommon to find water deficits. This study was conducted to determine the relationship between water deficit events and vegetative growth and nutrient content of oil palm. This study was carried out by exploiting data in fertilization experiments. Fertilization experiments using factorial design N3P2K3Mg2 (higher order partially confounded interactions) and each plot consisted of 64 trees. The results of the study showed that in general the water deficit events in 2014 decreased 4-6 frond per year in the same year and decreased 2-6 frond per year in 2015. Increased K content in the leaves will increase frond production. The optimum K content to maintain a fixed 24 frond production is 1.1%. This study can be used as initial information for management of fertilization management in the event of a water deficit