Role of Environment Dimensions to strive Sustainable Entrepreneurship: A Triple Bottom Line Approach

Purpose: The study aims to examine the role of Sustainable Entrepreneurship through the lens of Triple Bottom Line (TBL) with intervention of environment dimensions in Indian MSMEs context.   Theoretical framework: Sustainability has become the most important concern in today’s world due to the changes in the climate and environment deterioration. The TBL approach includes the people, planet and profit perspective; environment dimensions include the green and non-green initiatives that would help entrepreneurs to achieve their sustainable goals.   Design/methodology/approach: The quantitative research design is adopted to collect 107 entrepreneurs’ data from Delhi NCR using purposive sampling. The study examines the relationship among Sustainable Entrepreneurs (profit, planet and people) and environmental dimensions (green and non-green initiative) using SPSS and Hayes PROCESS.   Findings: The study concludes that there exists a correlation between people and planet; people and non-green initiatives; planet and profit; planet and non-green initiatives; and lastly green initiatives and non-green initiatives. In addition, non-green initiative mediates the relationship between people and planet. However, planet is correlated with only profit.   Research, Practical & Social implications: The research discusses various approaches for MSME to endeavour sustainability with the help of environment dimensions. The appropriate practice of adopting such sustainable approaches will eventually drive enterprises towards profit, thus becoming sustainable entrepreneurs.   Originality/value: TBL approach is viewed along with the environmental dimensions for the purpose of protecting environment and enabling an enterprise move towards higher profit. The study also discusses strategies for policymakers, education institutes for promoting sustainable entrepreneurship.

Effect of Machining Parameters on Surface Finish and Noise Patterns for Machining EN-19 Steel with PVD-TiN Coated Mixed Ceramic Inserts in CNC Turning Operation

235-240This paper presents a relationship between the surface finish, machining conditions and the noise level generated by the turning operation for machining of EN-19 alloy steel using PVD-TiN coated mixed ceramic (Al2O3+TiCN) inserts on a CNC turning centre under wet lubrication conditions. The machining parameters considered in this study include cutting velocity, feed rate and depth of cut. The levels of machining parameters for the experimental investigation are determined using full factorial experiment model and ANOVA is applied to find the effect of machining parameters on surface roughness. Additionally, noise generated during the cutting operation for all set of experiment trials is recorded to determines the relationship between machining conditions and the surface finish

Association of Serum Adenosine Deaminase Levels in Cytologically Suggested Cases of Tubercular Lymphadenitis: The Experience of a Tertiary Care Centre

Background: Tuberculosis (TB), a communicable disease, caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis requires a simple, rapid test, which can be easily carried out in a laboratory. Unfortunately, despite a battery of investigations, no definite test is available till date. Adenosine deaminase (ADA), a biochemical marker has been proposed as a useful surrogate marker for TB as its levels can be measured in body fluids. Methods: A one-and-a-half-year prospective study of 154 cases presenting with lymphadenitis from January 2019 to June 2020 was undertaken. Using cytology, lymphadenitis subjects were divided into two groups: Tubercular (104 patients) as a case group and Reactive (50 patients) as a control group. All cases were followed by serum ADA assay by colorimetric method. Nonparametric tests were performed to compare the two groups. Results: The mean age of the participants was 28.99 ± 13.26 years with a F:M ratio of 1.81:1. Involvement of cervical lymph nodes was most frequent (89.42% cases). The mean S.ADA level for tubercular and reactive lymphadenitis was 41.71 ± 11.53 U/L and 21.16 ± 4.16 U/L, respectively (P-value < 0.05). The cut-off value calculated was 32.6 U/L. The sensitivity, specificity, PPV, NPV, and accuracy were calculated as 79.81%, 100%, 100%, 70.42%, and 86.36%, respectively. Conclusion: A statistically significant increase was found in serum ADA levels in tubercular lymphadenitis cases compared to reactive lymphadenitis. Hence, it can be used as an adjunct to FNAC and is a fairly sensitive and specific test. Since it is difficult to always demonstrate AFB in FNAC smears, ADA can be helpful in establishing a definite diagnosis despite smear negativity. Keywords: adenosine deaminase, lymphadenitis, tuberculosi

Assessment of Disease Activity and Complications in Patients of Pulmonary Tuberculosis by High Resolution Computed Tomography

Background: Tuberculosis (TB) is a global health problem and the second most common infectious cause of death. High-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) is far more superior to chest radiography as well as conventional CT for analyzing the pulmonary parenchyma. This study aimed to evaluate the role of HRCT in pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) with respect to disease activity and complication after anti-tubercular therapy (ATT). Methods: This prospective observational study was conducted in the Department of Radiodiagnosis, Teerthanker Mahaveer Medical College & Research Centre (TMMC&RC) for a period of 1.5 years. A total of 50 cases of newly diagnosed TB were included in the study and a standard six-month ATT was given to the patients. Pulmonary involvement was evaluated by HRCT (128 slice multi-detector PHILIPS INGENUITY CT scanner), twice for each patient (first scan after diagnosis and second after treatment completion). The acquired HRCT images were reconstructed on a highresolution lung algorithm and parenchymal, bronchial, and extra parenchymal findings were recorded systematically. Results: Out of the 50 patients, 5 died within two months of the initiation of treatment and four were lost to follow-up. Thus, post treatment follow-up sample size was reduced to 41 patients. Ill-defined nodules (96%), tree-in-bud pattern (74%), consolidation (86%), cavitary lesions (98%), and ground glass opacities (58%) were the main imaging features of active cases of TB on HRCT. Resolution to thin-walled cavitary lesions (36.5%), bronchiectasis (41.5%), and fibrotic (parenchymal) bands (66%) were common complications or sequelae which were observed after completion of treatment. Conclusion: HRCT thorax is a sensitive modality for evaluation of parenchymal and airway manifestations in cases of PTB and can aid in differentiation of active disease from healed disease. It allows early identification of post-treatment complications and sequelae in patients of PTB

Detection and Identification of Camouflaged Targets using Hyperspectral and LiDAR data

Camouflaging is the process of merging the target with the background with the aim to reduce/delay its detection. It can be done using different materials/methods such as camouflaging nets, paints. Defence applications often require quick detection of camouflaged targets in a dynamic battlefield scenario. Though HSI data may facilitate detection of camouflaged targets but detection gets complicated due to issues (spectral variability, dimensionality). This paper presents a framework for detection of camouflaged target that allows military analysts to coordinate and utilise the expert knowledge for resolving camouflaged targets using remotely sensed data. Desired camouflaged target (set of three chairs as a target under a camouflaging net) has been resolved in three steps: First, hyperspectral data processing helps to detect the locations of potential camouflaged targets. It narrows down the location of the potential camouflaged targets by detecting camouflaging net using Independent component analysis and spectral matching algorithms. Second, detection and identification have been performed using LiDAR point cloud classification and morphological analysis. HSI processing helps to discard the redundant majority of LiDAR point clouds and support detailed analysis of only the minute portion of the point cloud data the system deems relevant. This facilitates extraction of salient features of the potential camouflaged target. Lastly, the decisions obtained have been fused to infer the identity of the desired targets. The experimental results indicate that the proposed approach may be used to successfully resolve camouflaged target assuming some a priori knowledge about the morphology of targets likely to be present.

Costochondral Grafts in the treatment of Temporomandibular joint ankylosis: a Clinical Study

Background: Treatment of temporomandibular joint (TMJ) ankylosis usually requires adequate excision of the involved ankylotic block (arthroplasty) without interposing any material (gap arthroplasty) or interpositional arthroplasty using autogenous or alloplastic materials. The objective of this paper was to note the potential of the costochondral graft (CCGs) as an interpositional material and to see whether they induce normal growth potential in the reconstructed mandible. Materials and method: The ankylosed temporomandibular joint was reached by a preauricular incision with or without angulation and exposed. In the first 4 cases, arthroplasty was done using a bur. The bony mass was detached of its muscle attachments and removed. In the 5th case, condylectomy was performed. In all cases, this was followed by immediate costochondral grafting. Results: The maximal incisal opening in the pre-operative period ranged from 0- 2mm and in the immediate post- operative period from 15- 20mm. at the end of the follow up period it ranged from 20- 35 mm. The increase in SNB angle, SND angle, ramus length and mandibular body length all showed linear growth of mandible on the side where costochondral grafting was done. Conclusion: The articular reconstruction with costochondral grafts for the treatment of TMJ ankylosis is efficient in relation to post- operative maximal incisal opening, recurrence and articular function

Effect of Machining Parameters on Surface Finish and Noise Patterns for Machining EN-19 Steel with PVD-TiN Coated Mixed Ceramic Inserts in CNC Turning Operation

This paper presents a relationship between the surface finish, machining conditions and the noise level generated by the turning operation for machining of EN-19 alloy steel using PVD-TiN coated mixed ceramic (Al2O3+TiCN) inserts on a CNC turning centre under wet lubrication conditions. The machining parameters considered in this study include cutting velocity, feed rate and depth of cut. The levels of machining parameters for the experimental investigation are determined using full factorial experiment model and ANOVA is applied to find the effect of machining parameters on surface roughness. Additionally, noise generated during the cutting operation for all set of experiment trials is recorded to determines the relationship between machining conditions and the surface finish

Caries Pattern In Primary Molars With Early Pulpal Involvement In Mixed Dentition

INTRODUCTION: Caries in primary dentition may lead to high risk in permanent dentition; it is therefore important to identify those children who are caries affected. Specific and distinct patterns of caries attack might indicate a distinct etiology or are most likely associated with the subsequent development of carious lesions on other surfaces of teeth.AIM: To assess caries susceptibility and prevalence in primary teeth and evaluate the prevalence of caries according to individual molar surfaces in 4-8 year old children.MATERIAL AND METHODS: A cross sectional retrospective study was conducted in the pediatric department of SGT Dental College using convenient sampling with caries in teeth as chief complaint. 70 radiographs were examined in the age group of 4-8 years. Lesions present on mesial, distal and occlusal surfaces were recorded on the chart after radiographic examination.RESULTS: As per results, distal surface of D(45.40%) and mesial surface of E (37.80%) showed maximum caries on adjacent proximal surfaces and significant dependence (p value<0.05) was found between the presence of lesions on adjacent proximal surfaces. The D(76.1% )and E(79.1% )showed significantly higher caries experience on the proximal surfaces in conjunction with occlusal caries but were statistically not significant.CONCLUSION: In the presence of non-proximal caries (occlusal caries), the chances of proximal caries are increased as seen radiographically. Thus need for treatment, are likely being underestimated during visual examinations alone

Development of a multiplex PCR for the identification of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Streptococcus agalactiae in milk

125-130In the dairy industry financial losses mainly due to loss of milk production caused by mastitis and mastitis related problems is very common. In the mastitis, identification of the infectious agent/s could be of great help. In the present study, a multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to identify five common organisms implicated in the mastitis was tried. Primers for identification of Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli (E. coli), Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Streptococcus agalactiae were selected/ designed. DNA was extracted from the affected milk using two different methods and was subjected to multiplex PCR. It was observed from the study that a multiplex PCR to amplify four organisms E. coli, K. pneumoniae, S. agalactiae and P. aeruginosa was developed successfully to quicken the detection of common mastitis causing organisms

Tubercular Retropharyngeal Abscess in Association with Aberrant Retropharyngeal Internal Carotid Arteries - A Rare Entity: Imaging Diagnosis and a Word of Caution

Retropharyngeal (RP) abscess is rarely encountered in adults. Still rare is an abscess of tubercular etiology especially without involvement of the underlying cervical spine. We present a case of an immunocompetent woman with a tubercular RP abscess diagnosed on contrast-enhanced cervical computed tomography and confirmed on cytology. Another interesting feature was an aberrant RP course of the internal carotid arteries in this patient. This case report stresses the importance of imaging in establishing an unexpected diagnosis of an RP abscess, suggesting its likely cause, and also in demonstrating the aberration in regional vascular anatomy, and warns the clinician of life-threatening hemorrhagic complication in the event of any diagnostic or therapeutic intervention