Pays d’Aix : Quel territoire pour les Musiques Actuelles ? Diagnostic fonctionnel du secteur et des filières Musiques Actuelles. Rapport de l’Axe 1 : Opérateurs du territoire : état des lieux, attentes et perspectives

Ce rapport a pour vocation de faire le point sur l’état des lieux du secteur des musiques actuelles dans la Communauté du Pays d'Aix à l’égard des opérateurs et activités présents sur le territoire mais aussi des attentes et besoins de ces opérateurs. Cela afin de guider la construction d’une politique publique qui répond à une demande sociétale locale

Enjeux et dynamique de la gouvernance d’un méga événement culturel. Approche longitudinale de « Marseille Provence 2013, Capitale européenne de la culture »

Cette recherche questionne, à l’aune de l’analyse des sphères de parties prenantes du projet (sphères politique, économique, culturelle et citoyenne), la gouvernance d’un projet de territoire d’une envergure exceptionnelle : un méga événement culturel, à savoir Marseille-Provence 2013 Capitale européenne de la culture. L’objectif est de faire émerger des facteurs clés de réussite d’un tel projet en matière de gouvernance. À l’aide d’une étude de cas unique holistique et longitudinale, deux moments cruciaux du projet ont été analysés : la phase d’élaboration et la phase de mise en œuvre du projet. Cela permet d’étudier l’évolution de la dynamique de gouvernance du projet ainsi que les clés de réussite.Drawing on a stakeholder framework of analysis, this research studies the case of a large scale territorial project: a cultural mega event, Marseille-Provence 2013 European Capital of Culture. Relying on a holistic and longitudinal case study, this paper aims to identify key factors for the successful governance of this type of projects. Two crucial moments of the project were analyzed, namely the project implementation and development phases, for the study of the project governance dynamics and the identification of its key success factors

Case report:Thirty-year progression of an EMPF1 encephalopathy due to defective mitochondrial and peroxisomal fission caused by a novel de novo heterozygous DNM1L variant

Mutations in DNM1L (DRP1), which encode a key player of mitochondrial and peroxisomal fission, have been reported in patients with the variable phenotypic spectrum, ranging from non-syndromic optic atrophy to lethal infantile encephalopathy. Here, we report a case of an adult female patient presenting with a complex neurological phenotype that associates axonal sensory neuropathy, spasticity, optic atrophy, dysarthria, dysphasia, dystonia, and ataxia, worsening with aging. Whole-exome sequencing revealed a heterozygous de novo variant in the GTPase domain of DNM1L [NM_001278464.1: c.176C>A p.(Thr59Asn)] making her the oldest patient suffering from encephalopathy due to defective mitochondrial and peroxisomal fission-1. In silico analysis suggested a protein destabilization effect of the variant Thr59Asn. Unexpectedly, Western blotting disclosed profound decrease of DNM1L expression, probably related to the degradation of DNM1L complexes. A detailed description of mitochondrial and peroxisomal anomalies in transmission electron and 3D fluorescence microscopy studies confirmed the exceptional phenotype of this patient

Strontium isotope evidence for Pre-Islamic cotton cultivation in Arabia

With a view to understanding the dynamics of ancient trade and agrobiodiversity, archaeobotanical remains provide a means of tracing the trajectories of certain agricultural commodities. A prime example is cotton in Arabia, a plant that is non-native but has been found in raw seed and processed textile form at Hegra and Dadan, in the region of al-ʿUlā, north-western Saudi Arabia—sites of critical importance given their role in the trans-Arabian trading routes during Antiquity. Here, we demonstrate that the measurement of strontium isotopes from pre-cleaned archaeological cotton is methodologically sound and is an informative addition to the study of ancient plant/textile provenance, in this case, putting forward evidence for local production of cotton in oasis agrosystems and possible external supply. The presence of locally-grown cotton at these sites from the late 1st c. BCE–mid 6th c. CE is significant as it demonstrates that cotton cultivation in Arabia was a Pre-Islamic socio-technical feat, while imported cotton highlights the dynamism of trade at that time

Obesity promotes fumonisin B1 hepatotoxicity

Obesity, which is a worldwide public health issue, is associated with chronic inflammation that contribute to long-term complications, including insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. We hypothesized that obesity may also influence the sensitivity to food contaminants, such as fumonisin B1 (FB1), a mycotoxin produced mainly by the Fusarium verticillioides. FB1, a common contaminant of corn, is the most abundant and best characterized member of the fumonisins family. We investigated whether diet-induced obesity could modulate the sensitivity to oral FB1 exposure, with emphasis on gut health and hepatotoxicity. Thus, metabolic effects of FB1 were assessed in obese and non-obese male C57BL/6J mice. Mice received a high-fat diet (HFD) or normal chow diet (CHOW) for 15 weeks. Then, during the last three weeks, mice were exposed to these diets in combination or not with FB1 (10 mg/kg body weight/day) through drinking water. As expected, HFD feeding induced significant body weight gain, increased fasting glycemia, and hepatic steatosis. Combined exposure to HFD and FB1 resulted in body weight loss and a decrease in fasting blood glucose level. This co-exposition also induces gut dysbiosis, an increase in plasma FB1 level, a decrease in liver weight and hepatic steatosis. Moreover, plasma transaminase levels were significantly increased and associated with liver inflammation in HFD/FB1-treated mice. Liver gene expression analysis revealed that the combined exposure to HFD and FB1 was associated with reduced expression of genes involved in lipogenesis and increased expression of immune response and cell cycle-associated genes. These results suggest that, in the context of obesity, FB1 exposure promotes gut dysbiosis and severe liver inflammation. To our knowledge, this study provides the first example of obesity-induced hepatitis in response to a food contaminant.L.D. PhD was supported by the INRAE Animal Health department. This work was also supported by grants from the French National Research Agency (ANR) Fumolip (ANR-16-CE21-0003) and the Hepatomics FEDER program of Région Occitanie. We thank Prof Wentzel C. Gelderblom for generously providing the FB1 and for his interest and support in our project. B.C. laboratory is supported by a Starting Grant from the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation program (grant agreement No. ERC-2018-StG- 804135), a Chaire d'Excellence from IdEx Université de Paris - ANR-18-IDEX-0001, an Innovator Award from the Kenneth Rainin Foundation, an ANR grant EMULBIONT ANR-21-CE15-0042-01 and the national program “Microbiote” from INSERM. We thank Anexplo (Genotoul, Toulouse) for their excellent work on plasma biochemistry. Neutral Lipids MS and NMR experiments were performed with instruments in the Metatoul-AXIOM platform. Sphingolipid MS analysis were performed with instruments in the RUBAM platform. The FB1 plasma levels were determined using an UPLC-MS/MS instrument part of the Ghent University MSsmall expertise centre for advanced mass spectrometry analysis of small organic molecules. We thank Elodie Rousseau-Bacquié and all members of the EZOP staff for their assistance in the animal facility. We are very grateful to Talal al Saati for histology analyses and review, and we thank all members of the US006/CREFRE staff at the histology facility and the Genom'IC platforms (INSERM U1016, Paris, France) for their expertise.Peer reviewe

A united statement of the global chiropractic research community against the pseudoscientific claim that chiropractic care boosts immunity.

BACKGROUND: In the midst of the coronavirus pandemic, the International Chiropractors Association (ICA) posted reports claiming that chiropractic care can impact the immune system. These claims clash with recommendations from the World Health Organization and World Federation of Chiropractic. We discuss the scientific validity of the claims made in these ICA reports. MAIN BODY: We reviewed the two reports posted by the ICA on their website on March 20 and March 28, 2020. We explored the method used to develop the claim that chiropractic adjustments impact the immune system and discuss the scientific merit of that claim. We provide a response to the ICA reports and explain why this claim lacks scientific credibility and is dangerous to the public. More than 150 researchers from 11 countries reviewed and endorsed our response. CONCLUSION: In their reports, the ICA provided no valid clinical scientific evidence that chiropractic care can impact the immune system. We call on regulatory authorities and professional leaders to take robust political and regulatory action against those claiming that chiropractic adjustments have a clinical impact on the immune system