Marine Carbonyl Sulfide (OCS) and Carbon Disulfide (CS\u3csub\u3e2\u3c/sub\u3e): A Compilation of Measurements in Seawater and the Marine Boundary Layer

Carbonyl sulfide (OCS) and carbon disulfide (CS2) are volatile sulfur gases that are naturally formed in seawater and exchanged with the atmosphere. OCS is the most abundant sulfur gas in the atmosphere, and CS2 is its most important precursor. They have attracted increased interest due to their direct (OCS) or indirect (CS2 via oxidation to OCS) contribution to the stratospheric sulfate aerosol layer. Furthermore, OCS serves as a proxy to constrain terrestrial CO2uptake by vegetation. Oceanic emissions of both gases contribute a major part to their atmospheric concentration. Here we present a database of previously published and unpublished (mainly shipborne) measurements in seawater and the marine boundary layer for both gases, available at https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.905430 (Lennartz et al., 2019). The database contains original measurements as well as data digitalized from figures in publications from 42 measurement campaigns, i.e., cruises or time series stations, ranging from 1982 to 2019. OCS data cover all ocean basins except for the Arctic Ocean, as well as all months of the year, while the CS2 dataset shows large gaps in spatial and temporal coverage. Concentrations are consistent across different sampling and analysis techniques for OCS. The database is intended to support the identification of global spatial and temporal patterns and to facilitate the evaluation of model simulations

Marine carbonyl sulfide (OCS) and carbon disulfide (CS2): a compilation of measurements in seawater and the marine boundary layer

Carbonyl sulfide (OCS) and carbon disulfide (CS2) are volatile sulfur gases that are naturally formed in seawater and exchanged with the atmosphere. OCS is the most abundant sulfur gas in the atmosphere, and CS2 is its most important precursor. They have gained interest due to their direct (OCS) or indirect (CS2 via oxidation to OCS) contribution to the stratospheric sulfate aerosol layer. Furthermore, OCS serves as a proxy to constrain terrestrial CO2 uptake by vegetation. Oceanic emissions of both gases contribute a major part to their atmospheric concentration. Here we present a database of previously published and unpublished, mainly ship-borne measurements in seawater and the marine boundary layer for both gases, available at https://doi.pangaea.de/10.1594/PANGAEA.905430 (Lennartz et al., 2019). The database contains original measurements as well as data digitalized from figures in publications from 42 measurement campaigns, i.e. cruises or time series stations, ranging from 1982 to 2019. OCS data cover all ocean basins except for the Arctic Ocean, as well as all months of the year, while the CS2 dataset shows large gaps in spatial and temporal coverage. Concentrations are consistent across different sampling and analysis techniques for OCS. The database is intended to support the identification of global spatial and temporal patterns and to facilitate the evaluation of model simulations

A satellite-based method for estimating global oceanic DMS and its application in a 3-D atmospheric GCM

In order to assess in three-dimensional atmospheric models the climate effects of anthropogenic sulphate aerosols, it is necessary not only to compute spatial and temporal distributions of anthropogenic sulphate, but also to simulate spatially and temporally the emission, transport and transformation of natural sulphur gases and aerosols emitted at the Earth’s surface. Jones et al. (2001) recently obtained a value of -1.9 W m-2 for the effect of anthropogenic sulphate aerosol on cloud albedo and on precipitation efficiency (the ‘indirect’ sulphate aerosol forcing effect), and demonstrated in a sensitivity test that doubling oceanic dimethylsulphide (DMS) emission fluxes reduced the indirect effect by over 25%. Thus, changes in marine DMS emissions appear to significantly affect estimates of the magnitude of anthropogenic sulphate forcing

Marine carbonyl sulfide (OCS) and carbon disulfide (CS₂): a compilation of measurements in seawater and the marine boundary layer

Carbonyl sulfide (OCS) and carbon disulfide (CS2) are volatile sulfur gases that are naturally formed in seawater and exchanged with the atmosphere. OCS is the most abundant sulfur gas in the atmosphere, and CS2 is its most important precursor. They have gained interest due to their direct (OCS) or indirect (CS2 via oxidation to OCS) contribution to the stratospheric sulfate aerosol layer. Furthermore, OCS serves as a proxy to constrain terrestrial CO2 uptake by vegetation. Oceanic emissions of both gases contribute a major part to their atmospheric concentration. Here we present a database of previously published and unpublished, mainly ship-borne measurements in seawater and the marine boundary layer for both gases, available at https://doi.pangaea.de/10.1594/PANGAEA.905430 (Lennartz et al., 2019). The database contains original measurements as well as data digitalized from figures in publications from 42 measurement campaigns, i.e. cruises or time series stations, ranging from 1982 to 2019. OCS data cover all ocean basins except for the Arctic Ocean, as well as all months of the year, while the CS2 dataset shows large gaps in spatial and temporal coverage. Concentrations are consistent across different sampling and analysis techniques for OCS. The database is intended to support the identification of global spatial and temporal patterns and to facilitate the evaluation of model simulations

A database for carbonyl sulfide (OCS) and carbon disulfide (CS2) in seawater and marine boundary layer

The database includes measurements of the trace gases carbonyl sulfide (OCS) and carbon disulfide (CS2) in seawater (in picomol per liter) and the marine boundary layer (parts per trillion, ppt). It consists of individual datasets compiled from published original data, digitalization from publications (pdf documents) and unpublished data. Only shipborne measurements or measurements from time series stations with a dominant marine signal are included. The database contains mainly surface ocean measurements, but few available profiles down to >1000 m are included as well. Temporal resolution ranges from 12 minutes to hourly or monthly intervals. The database includes the following metadata (if available): latitude, longitude, depth, time of sampling, meteorological and physical parameters, main reference, method, contributor(s). The database is intended to facilitate model evaluation and the identification of global patterns. Data in excel and txt-files are identical