Behavioral strategies for periodontal health.

The impact of lifestyle factors has been increasingly studied and discussed in oral healthcare. Positive lifestyle factors are important in maintaining oral health or controlling disease, but they are not easy to adopt over the long term. Along with public health initiatives within communities and groups, there is a role for behavior change interventions delivered in dental practice settings to improve the periodontal health of individuals. Behavior management is now seen as a part of both prevention and therapy of periodontal diseases. This article summarizes the evidence on behavioral strategies for periodontal health to inform and assist oral healthcare professionals in implementing behavior change in their practice. In addition, strategies for education and training in communication and behavior change techniques are considered

Cobalt ferrite thin films deposited by electrophoresis on p-doped Si substrates

The structural and magnetic properties of cobalt ferrite (CoFe2O4) thin films deposited by electrophoresis on p-doped Si(001) substrates have been characterized. The films were polycrystalline and composed by cobalt ferrite with the cubic spinnel structure. The observed decrease of the coercive field with the sixth power of the grain size was indicative of a competition between the magnetocrystalline anisotropy and the exchange coupling energy, on these randomly oriented nanosized grained films.J. Barbosa and M.P. Proenca gratefully acknowledge a PhD grant from Fundacao para a Ciencia e Tecnologia (SFRH/BD/41913/2007 and SFRH/BD/43440/2008, respectively)

Frailty and risk of complications in head and neck oncologic surgery. Systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis

There is emerging evidence that frail individuals present a decreased physiological reserve, decreased ability to maintain homeostasis, and increased vulnerability to stressors. The concept of frailty has become increasingly recognized as a valuable measure in oncological surgical patients, including those with head and neck cancer. Preoperative screening for frailty may provide an individualized risk assessment that can be used by an interdisciplinary team for preoperative counseling and to improve outcomes. The aim of this meta-analysis was to evaluate the relationship between frailty and the risk of major postoperative complications in frail individuals submitted to head and neck oncologic surgery. PubMed, SCOPUS, Web of Science, Google Scholar and OpenThesis were systematically searched to identify studies that evaluated the risk of major postoperative complications in frail individuals undergoing head and neck oncologic surgery. The search was performed on August 31, 2020, without language or date restrictions. Two independent investigators screened the searched studies based on each paper?s title and abstract. Relevant studies were read in full and selected according to the eligibility criteria. Frailty was assessed by modified Frailty Index (mFI-11) and major postoperative complications were measured by the Clavien-Dindo classification. We performed a categorical and dose-response meta-analysis using a random-effects model to evaluate the association between frailty and the risk of major postoperative complications in patients submitted to head and neck oncologic surgery. The results of the meta-analysis were expressed as relative risk (RR) and 95% confidence interval (95% CI). The risk of bias was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS). Four studies (9,947 patients) were included in this systematic review and meta-analysis. Frail patients presented an increased risk of life-threatening complications requiring intensive care unit (ICU) admission (RR = 4.67; 95% CI 1.54?14.10) and 30-day mortality (RR = 8.10; 95% CI 2.30?28.57) compared to non-frail patients. We found evidence of dose-response trend between mFI-11 and major postoperative complications. Higher frailty scores are associated with a significant increase in ICU-level complications and 30-day mortality after head and neck oncologic surgery

Wear behavior of a new composite formulation, with TEOS addition, for abrasive vitrified grinding wheels

Vitrified grinding wheels are used in many manufacturing industries to shape and finish metals and other materials in an efficient way. This work addresses a new approach with the use of tetraethyl orthosilicate solution (TEOS solution or silica sol), as an additive, in vitrified abrasive composites for grinding wheels. Different types of composite were produced using always the same materials and processing methods, but with different TEOS contents. Compared with a reference abrasive grinding wheel, the addition of TEOS promoted an improvement in the abrasive tool performance. The new formulation for vitrified abrasive composites showed better dimensional stability during processing (drying and sintering), and could be applied to the production of grinding tools with high dimensional accuracy. With the addition of 3.75 wt% of TEOS there was an increase in the strength of the matrix bonds. The porosity of the composite increased by 7% (from 43.6 to 46.9%), also improving its wear properties, with the quadrupling of the grinding ratio of the abrasive composite. In addition, the surface roughness of the composite decreased (from Ra = 22.9 to 8.4 μm) allowing to improve the surface finish of the workpieces.This work was supported by Programa Operacional Competitividade e Internacionalização , with the code POCI-01-0247-FEDER-038492. This work was supported by FCT national funds, under the national support to R&D units grant, through the reference project UIDB/04436/ 2020 and UIDP/04436/2020

V*-algebras, independence algebras and logic

Independence algebras were introduced in the early 1990s by specialists in semigroup theory, as a tool to explain similarities between the transformation monoid on a set and the endomorphism monoid of a vector space. It turned out that these algebras had already been defined and studied in the 1960s, under the name of v*-algebras, by specialists in universal algebra (and statistics). Our goal is to complete this picture by discussing how, during the middle period, independence algebras began to play a very important role in logic

Lignocellulosic composites from brazilian giant bamboo (Guadua magna). Part 2: Properties of cement and gypsum bonded particleboards

In the first part of this study, the feasibility of manufacturing resin-bonded particleboard from the recently identified Brazilian giant bamboo (Guadua magna) was evaluated. In this second part, the main goal was to study the material properties of the cement and gypsum-composites made from that bamboo species. The effect of CaCl2 addition in the physical and mechanical properties was also evaluated. Initially, the hydration test was performed to determine the inhibition index of the bamboo particles in the cement and gypsum setting. Three concentrations of CaCl2 were used to produce bamboo cementbonded particleboards (BCBP): 0%, 2% and 4%. CaCl2 was not added into bamboo gypsum-bonded particle boards (BGBP). Mechanical and physical properties were evaluated and nondestructive testing was performed as well. The inhibition index of Guadua magna in the cement or gypsum setting was classified as “low inhibition”. The addition of CaCl2 at bamboo-cement boards increased the internal >bonding and reduced the water absorption. Other properties were not significantly affected. The bamboocement boards presented higher bending strength and lower moisture content than bamboo-gypsum boards

The role of climate, marine influence and sedimentation rates in late-Holocene estuarine evolution (SW Portugal)

Estuaries are sensitive to changes in global to regional sea level, to climate-driven variation in rainfall and to fluvial discharge. In this study, we use source and environmentally sensitive proxies together with radiocarbon dating to examine a 7-m-thick sedimentary record from the Sado estuary accumulated throughout the last 3.6 kyr. The lithofacies, geochemistry and diatom assemblages in the sediments accumulated between 3570 and 3240 cal. BP indicate a mixture between terrestrial and marine sources. The relative contribution of each source varied through time as sedimentation progressed in a low intertidal to high subtidal and low-energy accreting tidal flat. The sedimentation proceeded under a general pattern of drier and higher aridity conditions, punctuated by century-long changes of the rainfall regime that mirror an increase in storminess that affected SW Portugal and Europe. The sediment sequence contains evidence of two periods characterized by downstream displacement of the estuarine/freshwater transitional boundary, dated to 3570-3400 cal. BP and 3300-3240 cal. BP. These are intercalated by one episode where marine influence shifted upstream. All sedimentation episodes developed under high terrestrial sediment delivery to this transitional region, leading to exceptionally high sedimentation rates, independently of the relative expression of terrestrial/marine influences in sediment facies. Our data show that these disturbances are mainly climate-driven and related to variations in rainfall and only secondarily with regional sea-level oscillations. From 3240 cal. BP onwards, an abrupt change in sediment facies is noted, in which the silting estuarine bottom reaches mean sea level and continued accreting until present under prevailing freshwater conditions, the tidal flat changing to an alluvial plain. The environmental modification is accompanied by a pronounced change in sedimentation rate that decreased by two orders of magnitude, reflecting the loss of accommodation space rather than the influence of climate or regional sea-level drivers.FCT by Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation [SFRH/BD/110270/2015, HAR2014-51830-P, HAR2011-29907-C03-00]FCTPortuguese Foundation for Science and Technology [PTDC/HISARQ/121592/2010]Instituto Dom Luiz-IDL [UID/GEO/50019/2013]info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Brazilian guidelines for the diagnosis of narcolepsy

Este artigo relata as conclusões da reunião de consenso com médicos especialistas sobre diagnóstico de narcolepsia baseada na revisão dos artigos sobre narcolepsia listados no Medline entre 1980 e 2010. A narcolepsia é uma doença crônica de início entre a primeira e segunda décadas de vida do indivíduo. Os sintomas essenciais são cataplexia e sonolência excessiva. A cataplexia é definida como episódios súbitos, recorrentes e reversíveis de fraqueza da musculatura esquelética desencadeados por situações de conteúdo emocional. Os sintomas acessórios são alucinações hipnagógicas, paralisia do sono e sono fragmentado. Critérios de diagnóstico clínico de acordo com a Classificação Internacional dos Transtornos do Sono são de sonolência excessiva e cataplexia. Recomenda-se a realização de polissonografia seguida do teste de latência múltipla do sono em um laboratório de sono para confirmação e diagnóstico de comorbidades. Quando não houver cataplexia, deve haver duas ou mais sonecas com sono REM no teste de latência múltipla do sono. Tipagem HLA-DQB1*0602 positiva com níveis de hipocretina-1 abaixo de 110pg/mL devem estar presentes para o diagnóstico de narcolepsia sem cataplexia e sem sonecas com sono REM.This manuscript contains the conclusion of the consensus meeting on the diagnosis of narcolepsy based on the review of Medline publications between 1980-2010. Narcolepsy is a chronic disorder with age at onset between the first and second decade of life. Essential narcolepsy symptoms are cataplexy and excessive sleepiness. Cataplexy is defined as sudden, recurrent and reversible attacks of muscle weakness triggered by emotions. Accessory narcolepsy symptoms are hypnagogic hallucinations, sleep paralysis and nocturnal fragmented sleep. The clinical diagnosis according to the International Classification of Sleep Disorders is the presence of excessive sleepiness and cataplexy. A full in-lab polysomnography followed by a multiple sleep latency test is recommended for the confirmation of the diagnosis and co-morbidities. The presence of two sleep-onset REM period naps in the multiple sleep latency test is diagnostic for cataplexy-free narcolepsy. A positive HLA-DQB1*0602 with lower than 110pg/mL level of hypocretin-1 in the cerebrospinal fluid is required for the final diagnosis of cataplexy- and sleep-onset REM period -free narcolepsy