El significado de arbitrar : percepción de jueces de fútbol profesional

The aim of this study was to evaluate the personal meaning of refereeing for Portuguese football referees. Participants were 47 football referees from the 1st Portuguese Professional Football League evaluated through an open question: "write down what refereeing means to you". The analysis was made according to Miles & Huberman (1994) procedures. The 5 categories are: relation with the football; costs of the practice; emotion for the arbitration; social interaction and way of life. The results show that be connected to the world of the football, passion and the relationship with other referees are important motivational factors, with that the referees have a high grade of excitement and pleasure in his labor activity. on the other hand the task of refereeing is generating of stress and burnout

Euplocania Enderlein: description of the female of E. quinquedivisa Silva-Neto, García Aldrete & Rafael (Psocodea, ‘Psocoptera’, Ptiloneuridae), with a checklist of Euplocania species in Brazil

The unknown female of Euplocania quinquedivisa Silva-Neto, García Aldrete & Rafael, is described and illustrated. Information on sexes known and distribution in Brazilian states is included for the known species of Brazilian Euplocania

Planeación estratégica para la Ferrotienda El Baratísimo del municipio de Leiva, en el departamento de Nariño.

La organización debe guiar su estrategia para lograr un nivel aceptable de capacidad y debe haber una coordinación eficaz entre las funciones de planificación, diseño, distribución y ejecución. El desarrollo de un proceso de planificación estratégica óptimo puede asegurar la competitividad presente y futura de la organización, analizar las condiciones internas y predecir la evolución del entorno. Por lo anterior, con el desarrollo de este trabajo, se diseñó una propuesta de plan estratégico para la microempresa Ferrotienda el Baratísimo de Leiva, con el fin de aplicar herramientas que le permitan como organización crecer, ser sostenible y mejorar continuamente. Si inició mediante la recolección de información utilizando instrumentos como encuestas y entrevistas aplicados al personal interno de la organización y al cliente externo, lo cual facilitó la identificación de la situación actual con sus respectivos hallazgos, encontrando en el diagnóstico aspectos relevantes positivos como la alta competitividad en precios, la buena calidad de los productos y el reconocimiento y posicionamiento de la organización. Por otro lado, se encontró oportunidades de mejora en el servicio al cliente, en infraestructura y en general en la estructura organizativa en aspectos de personal, financieros, administrativos y comerciales. Finalmente, con la construcción de una matriz DOFA, se propuso 19 estrategias aplicables para que la organización, pueda atender sus debilidades, reducir el riesgo de sus amenazas, potenciar fortalezas y aprovechar oportunidades. La propuesta fue socializada con el personal adscrito a la empresa, y fue de gran aceptación por los directivos, llevando algunas actividades a la implementación.The organization must guide its strategy to achieve an acceptable level of capability and there must be effective coordination between the planning, design, delivery, and execution functions. The development of an optimal strategic planning process can ensure the present and future competitiveness of the organization, analyze internal conditions, and predict the evolution of the environment. Therefore, with the development of this work, a strategic plan proposal was designed for the microenterprise Ferrotienda el Baratísimo de Leiva, to apply tools that allow it as an organization to grow, be sustainable and continuously improve. If began by collecting information using instruments such as surveys and interviews applied to the internal staff of the organization and the external customer, which facilitated the identification of the current situation with their respective findings, finding in the diagnosis relevant positive aspects such as high competitiveness in prices, good quality products and recognition and positioning of the organization. On the other hand, opportunities for improvement were found in customer service, infrastructure and, in general, in the organizational structure in terms of personnel, financial, administrative, and commercial aspects. Finally, with the construction of a SWOT matrix, 19 applicable strategies were proposed for the organization to address its weaknesses, reduce the risk of threats, enhance strengths, and take advantage of opportunities. The proposal was socialized with the personnel assigned to the company, and was very well accepted by the managers, leading to the implementation of some activities

Salt Diapirs, Salt Brine Seeps, Pockmarks and Surficial Sediment Creep and Slides in the Canary Channel of NW Africa

Circular to elliptical mounds in the Canary Channel with reliefs of 75 to 375 m and diameters of 4 to 8 km partially surrounded by moats with reliefs of 25 to 75 m, were formed by piercement of the seafloor by Mesozoic evaporites. Several long gullies, <1 km wide, with abrupt terminations and pockmarks associated with these mounds were probably eroded by dense brine and hydrocarbon seeps. The salt brines that eroded the gullies were formed where salt diapirs intersect the seafloor, or in the subsurface by circulating ground water heated by igneous activity along the Canary Ridge. If the brines originated in the subsurface they reached the seafloor along faults. Displacement of the surficial sediments by sliding and creep is probably the result of the expulsion of hydrocarbons and/or vertical motion of the Mesozoic evaporites. Microtopographic features along or near the east flank of the Canary Ridge are the creation of uplift of the ridge, hydrothermal activity, mass wasting processes and turbidity currents.Depto. de Geodinámica, Estratigrafía y PaleontologíaFac. de Ciencias GeológicasTRUEpu

Gender differences in first-year college students’ academic expectations

Based on a multidimensional definition of academic expectations (AEs), the authors examine students’ AE component scores across countries and genders. Two samples (343 Portuguese and 358 Spanish students) completed the Academic Perceptions Questionnaire (APQ) six months after enrolling in their universities. Factorial invariance was ensured across countries and genders, allowing us to study AEs using the APQ for both genders and in both countries. No significant differences in factor means were found between countries, indicating that AEs are not an obstacle to student mobility. Gender differences were found in some AE factor means, Training for employment, Personal and social development, Student mobility, Political engagement and citizenship, and Social pressure, with males exhibiting higher scores. Because these differences are not supported by most literature in this domain, further studies are needed to clarify the causes of women’s lower expectations and, therefore, risk of adaptation difficulties

Clinical and molecular characterization of patients fulfilling Chompret criteria for Li-Fraumeni syndrome in Southern Brazil

Li-Fraumeni syndrome (LFS) is an autosomal dominant cancer predisposition syndrome caused by pathogenic germline variants in the TP53 gene, characterized by a predisposition to the development of a broad spectrum of tumors at an early age. The core tumors related to LFS are bone and soft tissue sarcomas, premenopausal breast cancer, brain tumors, adre nocortical carcinomas (ACC), and leukemias. The revised Chompret criteria has been widely used to establish clinical suspicion and support TP53 germline variant testing and LFS diag nosis. Information on TP53 germline pathogenic variant (PV) prevalence when using Chom pret criteria in South America and especially in Brazil is scarce. Therefore, the aim of this study was to characterize patients that fulfilled these specific criteria in southern Brazil, a region known for its high population frequency of a founder TP53 variant c.1010G>A (p. Arg337His), as known as R337H. TP53 germline testing of 191 cancer-affected and indepen dent probands with LFS phenotype identified a heterozygous pathogenic/likely pathogenic variant in 26 (13.6%) probands, both in the DNA binding domain (group A) and in the oligo merization domain (group B) of the gene. Of the 26 carriers, 18 (69.23%) were R337H het erozygotes. Median age at diagnosis of the first tumor in groups A and B differed significantly in this cohort: 22 and 2 years, respectively (P = 0.009). The present study shows the clinical heterogeneity of LFS, highlights particularities of the R337H variant and underscores the need for larger collaborative studies to better define LFS prevalence, clinical spectrum and penetrance of different germline TP53 pathogenic variants

Effect of Minor Elements on the Milling Quality of F-2000 Rice Variety (Oryza sativa L.)

Esta investigación evaluó la aplicación de fertilizantes que contenían elementos menores como mejoradores de la calidad molinera del arroz (Oryza sativa L.) en un suelo clasificado como Typic Xerofluvents. Se valoró un área de 2,5 ha, divididas en cuatro piscinas cultivadas con arroz variedad Fedearroz 2000. Se utilizó un diseño de bloques completos al azar con cinco tratamientos y cuatro repeticiones. Las variables de producción evaluadas fueron: densidad de plantas (46,27 ± 320 plantas/m2), macollamiento (59,48 ± 821,26 macollas/m2), número panículas/área (8,53 ± 440 panículas/m2), número espiguillas/panícula (2,76 ± 12,3 espiguillas/panícula), número de granos totales (15,44 ± 138,77 granos), número de granos llenos (7,88 ± 116 granos) y número de granos vanos (19,88 ± 22,28 granos). Para evaluar el componente de molinería se utilizaron 500 gramos de granos y se valoraron las siguientes variables: porcentaje de vaneamiento (15,24 ± 18,48), masa blanca (70,57 ± 70,68), grano entero (446,9 ± 59,65), cristal (176,93 ± 25,24 %), harina (79 ± 12,82), cáscara (7,89 ± 20,85) y grano yesado (82,08 ± 2,08). Para determinar el rendimiento (37,19 ± 7.689 Kg/ha) se cosechó y se pesó cada tratamiento por separado. Se presentaron diferencias significativas (p &lt; 0,0001) entre los tratamientos, siendo T2 (fertilización tradicional de NPK + fertilización edáfica con elementos menores) el que presentó mejor comportamiento entre variables de producción, mientras que T5 (fertilización tradicional de NPK + fertilización foliar con elementos menores + fertilización foliar con silicio) reportó las mejores variables de molinería. La fertilización con elementos menores contribuye a mejorar la calidad molinera y el rendimiento del arroz, puesto que fortalece el sistema inmune de la planta, combate agentes bióticos y evita los granos vacíos.The research evaluated the application of fertilizers containing minor elements as milling quality improvers of rice (Oryza sativa L) in Typic Xerofluvents soils. We assessed an area of 2.5 ha divided into four ponds and cultivated with Fedearroz 2000 rice variety. A randomized complete block design with five treatments and four replications was used. The production variables evaluated were: plant density (46.27 ± 320 plants/m2), tillering (59.48 ± 821.26 tillers/m2), number of panicles/area (8.53 ± 440 panicles/m2), number of spikelets/panicle (2.76 ± 12.3 spikelets/panicle), number of total grains (15.44 ± 138.77 grains), number of filled grains (7.88 ± 116 grains), and number of vain grains (19.88 ± 22.28 grains). 500 grams of kernels were used to evaluate the milling component, assessing the following variables: percentage of spike sterility (15.24 ± 18.48), white mass (70.57 ±70.68), whole grain (446.9 ± 59.65), crystal (176.93 ± 25.24%), flour (79 ± 12.82), husk (7.89 ± 20.85), and plaster grain (82.08 ± 2.08). Each treatment was harvested and weighed separately in order to determine yield (37.19 ± 7,689 kg/ha). There were significant differences (p &lt; 0.0001) among the treatments, with T2 (traditional NPK fertilization + soil fertilization with minor elements) showing the best performance among production variables and T5 among milling variables (traditional NPK fertilization + foliar fertilization with minor elements + foliar fertilization with silicon). Fertilization with minor elements improves milling quality and rice yield by strengthening the plant’s immune system, thus combating biotic agents and avoiding empty grains

Mundo de la Vida Versus Habitus Escolar:El Caldo de Cultivo del Rezago Educativo en unMéxico de Migrantes

In this article, three topics are interrelated: school desertion, poverty and migration. The situation in Mexico with respect to desertion and the relationship between this and several factors associated with poverty is presented. It is argued that scholastic desertion has an expanding effect which depends on the concurrence of two factors: disenchantment with schools and the "habitus" people adopt in cases of extreme poverty to assure their survival. In regard to the first of these factors, the normal course of schooling (the methods and the programs that are preferred in school) is critically analyzed and other indications that scholastic education is changing are examined. In regard to the second of these factors, the case of migrant Mexicans who go to the United States is examined. The results of a survey in Mexican junior high schools are reported and exploratory interviews were conducted with migrating Mexicans. The conclusions of other research carried out in Mexico dealing with scholastic desertion are also reconsidered.En este artículo se vinculan tres temáticas: rezago, pobreza y migración. En primer término, se expone la situación de México con respecto al rezago y la relación entre éste y los diversos factores asociados a la pobreza. En segundo término, se exponen razones para sostener -con carácter hipotético- que el rezago escolar tiene un efecto amplificante que obedece a la concurrencia de dos factores: el desencanto respecto de la escuela y el habitus que forjan los sujetos en situación de pobreza para asegurar su supervivencia. En relación con el primero de esos factores, se analiza críticamente la normalidad escolar es decir, las formas de trabajo y los contenidos que se favorecen en la escuela- y se examinan algunos otros indicios de que la valoración en relación con la educación escolar está variando. En relación con el segundo de esos factores, se examina el caso de los migrantes mexicanos que van a Estados Unidos. Para apoyar el supuesto, se recuperaron algunos resultados de una investigación realizada en escuelas secundarias de México y se aplicaron entrevistas con carácter exploratorio a migrantes mexicanos. También se retomaron las conclusiones de otras investigaciones realizadas en México en torno al rezago escolar