Validation of the short version of the dimensional inventory for child development assessment

Objectives: There is a critical need to monitor the development of children around the world, and in Brazil, this need is substantial since there is a paucity of assessment tools. This study aimed to describe the design and provide evidence of reliability and validity for the short version of the Dimensional Inventory for Child Development Assessment (IDADI-short). Methods: A sample of 1,865 biological mothers of children aged 4---72 months (M = 34.8, SD = 20.20) completed the IDADI to assess Cognitive, socio-emotional, Expressive, and Receptive Language and Communication, Fine and Gross Motor, and Adaptive Behavior development. The psychometric properties of a total of 118 subscales of IDADI were obtained and the IDADI-short age-specific scores were correlated with the original inventory, and criteria variables such as neurodevelopment diagnosis, socioeconomic status, and sex. Results: Item Response Theory analysis, Cronbach’s Alpha, and McDonald’s Omega indicated excellent internal consistency and optimal participant discrimination after minor alterations. IDADI-short scores were strongly associated with the original inventory, with high sensibility and specificity precision for developmental delays. Significant associations with relevant criteria variables were also observed. Conclusion: Findings support the use of IDADI-short as a parental measure of young children’s development

Validation of the short version of the dimensional inventory for child development assessment

Objectives: There is a critical need to monitor the development of children around the world, and in Brazil, this need is substantial since there is a paucity of assessment tools. This study aimed to describe the design and provide evidence of reliability and validity for the short version of the Dimensional Inventory for Child Development Assessment (IDADI-short). Methods: A sample of 1,865 biological mothers of children aged 4---72 months (M = 34.8, SD = 20.20) completed the IDADI to assess Cognitive, socio-emotional, Expressive, and Receptive Language and Communication, Fine and Gross Motor, and Adaptive Behavior development. The psychometric properties of a total of 118 subscales of IDADI were obtained and the IDADI-short age-specific scores were correlated with the original inventory, and criteria variables such as neurodevelopment diagnosis, socioeconomic status, and sex. Results: Item Response Theory analysis, Cronbach’s Alpha, and McDonald’s Omega indicated excellent internal consistency and optimal participant discrimination after minor alterations. IDADI-short scores were strongly associated with the original inventory, with high sensibility and specificity precision for developmental delays. Significant associations with relevant criteria variables were also observed. Conclusion: Findings support the use of IDADI-short as a parental measure of young children’s development

Species pool structure determines the level of generalism of island parasitoid faunas

Copyright © 2011 Blackwell Publishing Ltd.AIM To examine whether island parasitoid faunas are biased towards generalists when compared with the mainland and their species pool, and to evaluate the effects of climate, island characteristics and regional factors on the relative proportions of idiobionts (i.e. generalists) and koinobionts (i.e. specialists) of two parasitic wasp families, Braconidae and Ichneumonidae. LOCATION Seventy-three archipelagos distributed world-wide. METHODS We used data on the distribution and biology obtained from a digital catalogue and several literature sources. We related level of generalism, measured as the ratio between the number of idiobiont and koinobiont species, to climatic, physiographic and regional factors using generalized linear models. We compared models by means of Akaike weighting, and evaluated the spatial structure of their residuals. We used partial regressions to determine whether the final models account for all latitudinal structure in the level of generalism. RESULTS Islands host comparatively more idiobionts than continental areas. Although there is a latitudinal gradient in the level of generalism of island faunas correlating with both environmental factors and island characteristics, the most important determinant of island community structure is their source pool. This effect is stronger for ichneumonids, where generalism is higher in the Indomalayan region, arguably due to the higher diversity of endophytic hosts in its large rain forests. MAIN CONCLUSIONS The level of generalism of island parasitoid faunas is largely constrained by regional factors, namely by the structure of the species pool, which emphasizes the importance of including regional processes in our understanding of the functioning of ecological communities. The fact that generalist species are more predominant in islands with a large cover of rain forests pinpoints the importance of the indirect effects of ecological requirements on community structure, highlighting the complex nature of geographical gradients of diversity

Índices corporais para o cavalo pantaneiro

Foram estudados índices zootécnicos de 2.248 animais registrados na Associação Brasileira de Criadores do Cavalo Pantaneiro (ABCCP), no período compreendido entre 1972 e 2000. Os dados foram analisados usando o programa SAS e o DFREML para estimação de parâmetros genéticos. Na análise dos índices corporais, o índice dáctilo torácico (IDT) apresentou animais intermediários (nem leves e nem aptos para tração). O índice de BARON e CREVAT também confirmou este resultado. Na determinação do índice peitoral (IP), os animais foram considerados, em geral, favoráveis à velocidade por apresentarem membros longos. Já no índice corporal (IC), a maioria dos animais não foi apta à velocidade e nem à tração (mediolíneos). Através da análise dos índices de conformação verificou-se que, em geral, os Pantaneiros são mediolíneos, aptos para velocidade e possuem bom desenvolvimento torácico, proporcionando velocidade na lida do gado e resistência a longas caminhadas. Na análise dos fatores ambientais, verificou-se que nos últimos anos alguns índices têm sofrido alterações, provavelmente devido à seleção já exercida pelo criador, que pode afetar a capacidade de adaptação dos cavalos.Body index measurements on 2248 horses registered by the Brazilian Association of Pantaneiro Horse Breeders (ABCCP), in the period from 1972 to 2000 were analyzed. Data was analyzed using SAS and DFREML to calculate genetic parameters. The Dactyl Thoracic Index indicated that these animals are intermediary (not light horses but not suitable for traction), while the BARON and CREVAT index confirmed this result. The Chest Index presented animals that are good for speed as they have long legs but looking at the Body index the indication was that these horses are neither suitable for speed nor traction (intermediary). The analysis of other conformation indices indicated that, in general, these horses are medilines, show good speed and chest development, making them suitable for dealing with cattle and resistance for long treks. The environmental factor analysis verified that these horses have changed in recent years possibly due to selection by the breeder which may affect their adaptive capacity

A novel type 1 cystatin involved in the regulation of Rhipicephalus microplus midgut cysteine proteases

Rhipicephalus microplus is a cattle ectoparasite found in tropical and subtropical regions around the world with great impact on livestock production. R. microplus can also harbor pathogens, such as Babesia sp. and Anaplasma sp. which further compromise cattle production. Blood meal acquisition and digestion are key steps for tick development. In ticks, digestion takes place inside midgut cells and is mediated by aspartic and cysteine peptidases and, therefore, regulated by their inhibitors. Cystatins are a family of cysteine peptidases inhibitors found in several organisms and have been associated in ticks with blood acquisition, blood digestion, modulation of host immune response and tick immunity. In this work, we characterized a novel R. microplus type 1 cystatin, named Rmcystatin-1b. The inhibitor transcripts were found to be highly expressed in the midgut of partially and fully engorged females and they appear to be modulated at different days post-detachment. Purified recombinant Rmcystatin-1b displayed inhibitory activity towards typical cysteine peptidases with high affinity. Moreover, rRmcystatin-1b was able to inhibit native R. microplus cysteine peptidases and RNAi-mediated knockdown of the cystatin transcripts resulted in increased proteolytic activity. Moreover, rRmcystatin-1b was able to interfere with B. bovis growth in vitro. Taken together our data strongly suggest that Rmcystatin-1b is a regulator of blood digestion in R. microplus midgut.Fil: Lu, Stephen. Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo; BrasilFil: da Rocha, Leticia A.. Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo; BrasilFil: Torquato, Ricardo J.S.. Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo; BrasilFil: da Silva Vaz Junior, Itabajara. Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul; BrasilFil: Jacobsen, Monica Ofelia. Instituto Nacional de Tecnologia Agropecuaria. Centro de Investigacion En Ciencias Veterinarias y Agronomicas. Instituto de Patobiologia Veterinaria. - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas. Oficina de Coordinacion Administrativa Pque. Centenario. Instituto de Patobiologia Veterinaria.; ArgentinaFil: Tanaka, Aparecida S.. Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo; Brasi

Se deus me chamar não vou: um olhar para as emoções da infância e da adolescência

This article is characterized as a review of the book Se Deus me Chamar não Vou , by Mariana Salomão Carrara (2019). We aim to perform a critical and reflective review for teachers and educators of Basic Education, especially those who work with Elementary School. The main points that guided our reflections were dilemmas, doubts, fears, and other feelings (shown or not) by the main character in the book, which resembles the reality of pre-teens of contemporary school age, whose discussions lead us to the need to listen and discuss the meaning of life and respect the different emotions in the classroom – an important fact in order to meet the general objectives of the Base Nacional Curricular Comum (BNCC) and engender the exercise of welcoming and dialogue between people. The discussions held between the literary work and education in its emotional bias, allows us to emphasize the importance of educators to broaden the look and the care with the emotions of pre-adolescents, which is permeated with intense feelings, which often involves death or loneliness.Este trabajo se caracteriza por ser una reseña del libro titulado Se Deus me Chamar não Vou, de la escritora Mariana Salomão Carrara (2019). Pretendemos realizar una revisión crítica y reflexiva dirigida a los profesores y educadores de la Educación Básica, especialmente a los que trabajan con la Educación Primaria. Los puntos principales que guiaron nuestras reflexiones fueron los dilemas, las dudas, los miedos y otros sentimientos (mostrados o no) del personaje principal del libro que se asemejan a la realidad de los preadolescentes en edad escolar en la contemporaneidad, cuyas discusiones nos llevan a la necesidad de escuchar y debatir el sentido de la vida y respetar las diferentes emociones en el aula, hecho importante para cumplir los objetivos generales de la Base Nacional Curricular Comum brasileña y engendrar el ejercicio de la acogida y el diálogo entre las personas. Las discusiones mantenidas entre la obra literaria y la educación en su dimensión emocional nos permiten destacar la importancia de que los educadores amplíen la mirada y el cuidado con las emociones de los preadolescentes, que muchas veces implican temas como la muerte o la soledad.Este trabalho caracteriza-se como uma resenha do livro intitulado "Se deus me chamar não vou", da escritora Mariana Salomão Carrara (2019). Temos por objetivo realizar uma resenha crítica e reflexiva, destinada a professores e educadores da Educação Básica, especialmente aqueles que atuam com o Ensino Fundamental. Os principais pontos que nortearam as nossas reflexões foram dilemas, dúvidas, medos e outros sentimentos (demonstrados ou não) pela personagem principal do livro, que se assemelha à realidade de pré-adolescentes em idade escolar da contemporaneidade, cujas discussões nos conduzem à necessidade de ouvir e debater o sentido da vida e respeitar as diferentes emoções em sala de aula – fato importante para que se cumpram os objetivos gerais da Base Nacional Comum Curricular e engendrar o exercício do acolhimento e do diálogo entre as pessoas. As discussões realizadas entre a produção literária e a educação, em seu viés emocional, nos permitem ressaltar a importância de os educadores ampliarem o olhar e o cuidado com as emoções dos pré-adolescentes, que muitas vezes envolvem temas como a morte ou a solidão

Discurso de professores indígenas: uma análise semiótica

Este artigo objetiva apresentar alguns aspectos relativos ao processo de construção de significado no discurso de professores indígenas a respeito da Educação Formal. Tomamos como corpus os depoimentos de dois professores da Reserva Indígena de Dourados, Mato Grosso do Sul. Os depoimentos estão publicados no livro intitulado Canto de Morte Kaiowá: história oral de vida, de Carlos Sebe Bom Meihy, editado em 1991. Para a análise, nos valemos da teoria semiótica de linha francesa, conforme postulada pelo teórico da linguagem Algirdas Julien Greimas e seus seguidores

Dança e desenvolvimento da memória de crianças com Síndrome de Down.

This article is based on an intervention research with and without Down´s syndrome children, which happened in 20 meetings, lasting 60 minutes through ludo-pedagogical activities. We collect the data through observations and filming the meetings and present the description and analysis of the data, which was carried out based on the assumptions of historical-cultural theory, focusing on activity designed to teach subjects to use material auxiliary objects in the memorization process. We justify the importance of this work, because it shows the construction of differentiated teaching methodologies, from the use of cultural objects (material and symbolic), with the intention of contributing, through the dance activity for the school education changes, especially the transformations of the subjects with intellectual disability and, thus, make possible advances in school education in an inclusive direction.Neste artigo abordamos uma pesquisa-intervenção realizada com crianças com e sem Síndrome de Down por meio de atividades ludo-pedagógicas de dança em 20 encontros semanais, com duração de 60 minutos. Os dados dos encontros de intervenção foram coletados a partir de observações sistemáticas e filmagens das atividades, sendo que a descrição e análise dos dados se efetivaram a partir dos pressupostos da teoria histórico-cultural, dando enfoque às atividades educativas planejadas para ensinar os sujeitos a utilizarem objetos materiais como auxiliares no processo de memorização. Justificamos, portanto, a importância do deste trabalho, pois o mesmo evidencia a construção de metodologias de ensino diferenciadas, a partir da utilização de objetos culturais (materiais e simbólicos), na intenção de contribuir, a partir da atividade da dança, com as possibilidades de transformação da educação escolar, sobretudo para os sujeitos com deficiência intelectual e, dessa forma possibilitar avanços na educação escolar numa direção inclusiva

Antioxidant dietary deficiency induces caspase activation in chick skeletal muscle cells

Apoptosis and necrosis are two distinct forms of cell death that can occur in response to different agents and stress conditions. In order to verify if the oxidative stress induced by dietary selenium and vitamin E deficiencies can lead muscle cells to apoptosis, one-day-old chicks were reared using diets differing in their vitamin E (0 or 10 IU/kg) and selenium (0 or 0.15 ppm) supplementation. Chick skeletal muscle tissue was obtained from 28-day-old animals and used to verify apoptosis occurrence based on caspase activity detection and DNA fragmentation. Antioxidant deficiency significantly increased caspase-like activity assessed by the hydrolysis of fluorogenic peptide substrates (Abz-peptidyl-EDDnp) at lambdaexc = 320 nm and lambdaem = 420 nm. Proteolytic activation was not accompanied by typical internucleosomal DNA fragmentation detected by field inversion gel electrophoresis. Although the general caspase inhibitor N-benzyloxycarbonyl-Val-Ala-Asp(O-Me) fluoromethyl ketone (Z-VAD-fmk) (0 to 80 muM) did not block caspase-like activity when preincubated for 30 min with muscle homogenates, the hydrolyzed substrates presented the same cleavage profile in HPLC (at the aspartic acid residue) when incubated with the purified recombinant enzyme caspase-3. These data indicate that oxidative stress causes caspase-like activation in muscle cells and suggest that cell death associated with exudative diathesis (dietary deficiency of selenium and vitamin E) can follow the apoptotic pathway.Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP) Escola Paulista de Medicina Departamento de BioquímicaUniversidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP) Escola Paulista de Medicina Departamento de BiofísicaUniversidade de São Paulo Faculdade de Zootecnia e Engenharia de Alimentos Departamento de CiênciasUNIFESP, EPM, Depto. de BioquímicaUNIFESP, EPM, Depto. de BiofísicaSciEL

Protective Properties in Hymenaea martiana Hayne against Multi-drug-resistant Staphylococcus aureus

Antibiotic resistance represents a widespread problem in milk production. The identification of compounds for a topically applied ointment used in mastitis therapy remains elusive. Compounds from the genus Hymenaea can be administered in cases of multi-drug-resistant Staphylococcus aureus infection for ruminant species, but the protective properties are not well known. Wi this research the aim is verify the protective effects of H. martiana against S. aureus infection in bovine mammary epithelial cell line (MAC-T) and to obtain an antioxidant profile evaluation in vitro. The MAC-T cells were challenged with S. aureus after being exposed to the extract of the H. martiana in the protective assay. For the verification of the viability of the MAC-T cells, the MTT assay was performed, and was used dilutions of the plant extract, starting at 2.5%. The extract of H. martiana was evaluated for antioxidant aspect in different dilutions by FRAP, ORAC and DPPH. A variety of flavonoids (quercetin, luteolin, etc.) have been identified as the main components by using mass spectrometry, reinforcing our in vitro findings that flavonoids, especially quercetin, have a medicinal profile capable of killing mastitis-causing bacteria. An excellent antioxidant pattern was observed in the 2.5% solution; however, membrane integrity in MAC-T cells was compromised. Those findings suggest low dilutions of H. martiana extract has a desirable protective effect from S. aureus pathogenesis. Our in vitro studies can be gleaned upon for further in vivo studies