Food consumption frequency and excess body weight in adolescents in the context of financial crisis in Barcelona (Spain)

AbstractObjectivesTo describe food consumption frequency in adolescents in the context of the financial crisis in 2012, and to analyse potential fluctuations in excess body weight between 2008 and 2012.MethodA cross-sectional study of eating habits and excess body weight was conducted in adolescents aged 13 to 19 years old from public, subsidised and private secondary schools in Barcelona, Spain. The FRESC lifestyle risk factors survey was used, and food frequency consumption, food recommendations and body mass index were analysed according to gender, year of education and socioeconomic status.ResultsGirls ate vegetables and fruits more frequently than boys, while the prevalence of junk food consumption was higher in boys. The prevalence of compliance with food recommendations was lower than 50% for all foods, and gender and socioeconomic differences were found for eggs, red meat and soft drinks. Regarding excess body weight, boys had a higher prevalence than girls in the 2 years analysed. Furthermore, a reduction in excess body weight was observed among girls in secondary education in the highest socioeconomic groups (28.7% [95% CI: 24.8-32.6%] in 2008 to 20.5% [95% CI: 17.1-23.8%] in 2012).ConclusionsThe prevalence of adolescents following food recommendations is low, and gender differences were found in terms of food consumption frequency, even in the context of financial crisis. There is a need to promote programmes and policies to reduce inequalities related to eating habits and excess body weight in adolescents

An Imidazoline 2 Receptor Ligand Relaxes Mouse Aorta via Off-Target Mechanisms Resistant to Aging

Imidazoline receptors (IR) are classified into three receptor subtypes (I1R, I2R, and I3R) and previous studies showed that regulation of I2R signaling has neuroprotective potential. In order to know if I2R has a role in modulating vascular tone in health and disease, we evaluated the putative vasoactive effects of two recently synthesized I2R ligands, diethyl (1RS,3aSR,6aSR)-5- (3-chloro-4-fluorophenyl)-4,6-dioxo-1-phenyl-1,3a,4,5,6,6a-hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole -1- phosphonate (B06) and diethyl [(1-(3-chloro-4-fluorobenzyl)-5,5-dimethyl-4-phenyl-4,5-dihydro- 1H-imidazol-4-yl]phosphonate] (MCR5). Thoracic aortas from Oncins France 1 (3- to 4-monthsold) and C57BL/6 (3- to 4- and 16- to 17-months-old mice) were mounted in tissue baths to measure isometric tension. In young mice of both strains, MCR5 induced greater relaxations than either B06 or the high-affinity I2R selective ligand 2-(2-benzofuranyl)-2-imidazoline (2-BFI), which evokedmarginal responses.MCR5 relaxations were independent of I2R, as IR ligands did not significantly affect them, involved activation of smoothmuscle KATP channels and inhibition of L-type voltage-gated Ca2+ channels, and were only slightly modulated by endothelium-derived nitric oxide (negatively) and prostacyclin (positively). Notably, despite the presence of endothelial dysfunction in old mice, MCR5 relaxations were preserved. In conclusion, the present study provides evidence against a functional contribution of I2R in the modulation of vascular tone in the mouse aorta. Moreover, the I2R ligand MCR5 is an endothelium-independent vasodilator that acts largely via I2R-independent pathways and is resistant to aging. We propose MCR5 as a candidate drug for the management of vascular disease in the elderly

Elevated urinary Kidney Injury Molecule 1 (KIM-1) at discharge strongly predicts early mortality following an episode of acute decompensated heart failure

Introduction: Hospitalization for Acute Decompensation of Heart Failure (ADHF) is a frequent event associated with long-term adverse effects. Prognosis is even worse if Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) occurs during hospitalization. Objectives: To determine whether kidney damage biomarkers NGAL, KIM-1 and IL-18 might predict AKI and have prognostic value of in ADHF. Patients and methods: Serum NGAL on admission and urine NGAL, KIM-1 and IL-18 on discharge were determined in 187 ADHF patients enrolled in a prospective, observational, unblinded study. AKI was diagnosed using the KDIGO criteria. Patients were followed-up for 12 months to record all-cause mortality. Results: 22% patients died during follow-up, with 52.5% dying within 4 months after discharge. Serum NGAL (P <0.001), urine NGAL (P = 0.047), and urinary KIM-1 (P = 0.014) levels were significantly higher in deceased patients at discharge. After adjustment for eGFR, only urinary KIM-1 independently predicted mortality at month 4 (HR 3.166, 95%CI 1.203-8.334, P = 0.020) and month 12 (HR 1.969, 95%CI 1.123-3.454, P = 0.018) in Cox regression models. In ROC analysis urinary KIM-1 (AUC = 0.830) outperformed other markers of renal function. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis showed KIM-1 predictive value is additive to that of AKI incidence and admission eGFR. Admission serum NGAL was higher in AKI patients (P ≤0.001) with a modest diagnostic performance (AUC = 0.667), below urea (AUC = 0.732), creatinine (AUC = 0.696), or CysC (AUC = 0.676). Conclusions: Discharge urinary KIM-1 was a strong and independent predictor of mortality, particularly during the most vulnerable period shortly after hospitalization. Admission serum NGAL was inferior to conventional renal function parameters in predicting AKI during ADHF

Valor pronóstico de la ratio urea / creatinina en la insuficiencia cardiaca descompensada y su relación con el daño renal agudo

Introducción: El empeoramiento de la función renal es un índice de mal pronóstico en pacientes con insuficiencia cardiaca aguda (ICA). El cociente urea/creatinina (U/C) podría tener significación pronóstica en la ICA. Material y métodos: Estudio observacional, prospectivo, cuyo objetivo fue analizar el valor pronóstico del cociente U/C, determinado en las primeras 24-48 h del ingreso, en pacientes hospitalizados por ICA, así como su relación con el filtrado glomerular estimado (FGe) y el daño renal agudo (DRA). Resultados: Se incluyeron un total de 204 pacientes, con edad media de 79,3 años. La mediana de FGe fue 55 ml/min/1,73m2. En el análisis multivariante, un cociente U/C > 50 se asoció con una mayor probabilidad de DRA durante el ingreso (36,5% vs. 21,9%) y mortalidad por cualquier causa (odds ratio [OR] 2,75) y por IC (OR 3,50) durante el seguimiento. La elevación del cociente U/C fue pronóstica solo en los pacientes con FGe normales (mortalidad 4,4% vs. 22%; p=0,01). La combinación del cociente U/C con el FGe tuvo mayor capacidad predictiva de DRA que cada uno de ellos por separado (área bajo la curva 0,718, intervalo de confianza al 95% 0,643-0,793; p<0,001). Conclusiones: Un cociente U/C > 50 predice mortalidad a largo plazo en pacientes con FGe normal, y combinado con el FGe, mejora la identificación del riesgo de DRA, en pacientes ingresados por ICA. Dado lo simple de este biomarcador, sugerimos su uso sistemático en la clínica diaria

Sensitization to isothiazolinones in the Spanish Contact Dermatitis Registry (REIDAC): 2019–2021 epidemiological situation

Background: Current frequency and risk factors for sensitization to methylisothiazolinone (MI), methylchloroisothiazolinone/methylisothiazolinone (MCI/MI), benzisothiazolinone (BIT) and octylisothiazolinone (OIT) in Spain are not well known. Objectives: To study the frequency of sensitization, risk factors and simultaneous sensitization between the four isothiazolinones. Materials and Methods: We analysed all 2019-2021 consecutive patients patch-tested with MI (0.2% aq.), MCI/MI (0.02% aq.), BIT (0.1% pet.) and OIT (0.1% pet) within the Spanish Contact Dermatitis Registry (REIDAC). Results: A total of 2511 patients were analysed. Frequencies of sensitization were: any isothiazolinone 15.7%, MI 6.8%, MCI/MI 4.8%, BIT 3.5% and OIT 0.5%. MI and MCI/MI sensitization was associated with being occupationally active, hand dermatitis, detergents and age over 40. BIT sensitization was associated with leg dermatitis and age over 40. About one in nine MI-positive patients were positive to BIT, whereas one in five BIT-positive patients were positive to MI. Conclusions: Sensitization to MI, MCI/MI and BIT is still common in Spain, while sensitization to OIT is rare. Currently, sensitization to MI and MCI/MI seems to be occupationally related. Although its origin is unknown, sensitization to BIT is more frequent in patients aged over 40 years. Simultaneous sensitization between MI and BIT is uncommon.The Spanish Registry of Contact Dermatitis (REIDAC) is promoted by the Fundación Piel Sana (Academia Española de Dermatología y Venereología), which has received financial support from the Spanish Medicines and Health Products Agency (Agencia Española de Medicamentos y Productos Sanitarios. https://www.boe.es/boe/dias/2022/04/11/pdfs/BOE-A-2022-5975.pdf) and Sanofi. The funders were not involved in the design and conduct of the study, collection, management, analysis and interpretation of data, preparation, review, approval of the manuscript, or decision to submit the manuscript for publication

European Surveillance System on Contact Allergies (ESSCA): Characteristics of patients patch tested and diagnosed with irritant contact dermatitis

Background Irritant contact dermatitis (ICD) is caused by the acute locally toxic effect of a strong irritant, or the cumulative exposure to various weaker physical and/or chemical irritants. Objectives To describe the characteristics of patients with ICD in the population patch tested in the European Surveillance System on Contact Allergies (ESSCA; ) database. Methods Data collected by the ESSCA in consecutively patch-tested patients from January 2009 to December 2018 were analyzed. Results Of the 68 072 patients, 8702 were diagnosed with ICD (without concomitant allergic contact dermatitis [ACD]). Hand and face were the most reported anatomical sites, and 45.7% of the ICD was occupational ICD (OICD). The highest proportions of OICD were found in metal turners, bakers, pastry cooks, and confectionery makers. Among patients diagnosed with ICD, 45% were found sensitized with no relevance for the current disease. Conclusions The hands were mainly involved in OICD also in the subgroup of patients with contact dermatitis, in whom relevant contact sensitization had been ruled out, emphasizing the need for limiting irritant exposures. However, in difficult-to-treat contact dermatitis, unrecognized contact allergy, or unrecognized clinical relevance of identified allergies owing to incomplete or wrong product ingredient information must always be considered

Exercicis Expressió Gràfica GETI ETSEIB 2021 22

2021/202

Exercicis Expressió Gràfica GETI ETSEIB 2022 23

2022/202

Exploring APOE genotype effects on Alzheimer's disease risk and amyloid β burden in individuals with subjective cognitive decline: The FundacioACE Healthy Brain Initiative (FACEHBI) study baseline results

Introduction: Subjective cognitive decline (SCD) has been proposed as a potential preclinical stage of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Nevertheless, the genetic and biomarker profiles of SCD individuals remain mostly unexplored. Methods: We evaluated apolipoprotein E (APOE) ε4's effect in the risk of presenting SCD, using the Fundacio ACE Healthy Brain Initiative (FACEHBI) SCD cohort and Spanish controls, and performed a meta-analysis addressing the same question. We assessed the relationship between APOE dosage and brain amyloid burden in the FACEHBI SCD and Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative cohorts. Results: Analysis of the FACEHBI cohort and the meta-analysis demonstrated SCD individuals presented higher allelic frequencies of APOE ε4 with respect to controls. APOE dosage explained 9% (FACEHBI cohort) and 11% (FACEHBI and Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative cohorts) of the variance of cerebral amyloid levels. Discussion: The FACEHBI sample presents APOE ε4 enrichment, suggesting that a pool of AD patients is nested in our sample. Cerebral amyloid levels are partially explained by the APOE allele dosage, suggesting that other genetic or epigenetic factors are involved in this AD endophenotype