Формування компетентнісних якостей у майбутніх вчителів до вивчення основ цифрової техніки

(uk) У статті обґрунтована необхідність удосконалення змісту експериментального вивчення основ цифрової техніки майбутніми вчителями природничих дисциплін і трудового навчання. Наведені варіанти завдань і зразки матеріального забезпечення.(en) In the article the necessity of improvement of maintenance of experimental study of bases of digital technique is grounded by the future teachers of natural disciplines and labour teaching. The variants of tasks and standards of the material providing are resulted

Autonomous lab-on-a-chip generic architecture for disposables with integrated actuation

The integration of actuators within disposable lab-on-a-chip devices is a demanding goal that requires reliable mechanisms, systematic fabrication procedures and marginal costs compatible with single-use devices. In this work an affordable 3D printed prototype that offers a compact and modular configuration to integrate actuation in autonomous lab-on-a-chip devices is demonstrated. The proposed concept can handle multiple step preparation protocols, such as the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) configuration, by integrating reagents, volume metering capabilities with performance comparable to pipettes (e.g. 2.68% error for 5 mu L volume), arbitrary dilution ratio support, effective mixing and active control of the sample injection. The chosen architecture is a manifold served by multiple injectors ending in unidirectional valves, which exchange a null dead volume when idle, thus isolating reagents until they are used. Functionalization is modularly provided by a plug-in element, which together with the selection of reagents can easily repurpose the platform to diverse targets, and this work demonstrates the systematic fabrication of 6 injectors/device at a development cost of USD$ 0.55/device. The concept was tested with a commercial ELISA kit for tumor necrosis factor (TNF), a marker for infectious, inflammatory and autoimmune disorders, and its performance satisfactorily compared with the classical microplate implementation.Funding Agencies|Swedish Research Council (VR)Swedish Research Council [C0453801]; Carl Tryggers Foundation [CTS14140]; European UnionEuropean Union (EU) [720325]; Linkoping University</p

Towards autonomous lab-on-a-chip devices for cell phone biosensing

Modern cell phones are a ubiquitous resource with a residual capacity to accommodate chemical sensing and biosensing capabilities. From the different approaches explored to capitalize on such resource, the use of autonomous disposable lab-on-a-chip (LOC) devices conceived as only accessories to complement cell phones underscores the possibility to entirely retain cell phones ubiquity for distributed biosensing. The technology and principles exploited for autonomous LOC devices are here selected and reviewed focusing on their potential to serve cell phone readout configurations. Together with this requirement, the central aspects of cell phones resources that determine their potential for analytical detection are examined. The conversion of these LOC concepts into universal architectures that are readable on unaccessorized phones is discussed within this context. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.Funding Agencies|Swedish Research Council (VR) [C0453801]; Carl Tryggers Foundation [CTS14140]</p

Segment-specific generation of Drosophila Capability neuropeptide neurons by multi-faceted Hox cues

In the Drosophila ventral nerve cord, the three pairs of Capability neuropeptide-expressing Va neurons are exclusively found in the second, third and fourth abdominal segments (A2-A4). To address the underlying mechanisms behind such segment-specific cell specification, we followed the developmental specification of these neurons. We find that Va neurons are initially generated in all ventral nerve cord segments and progress along a common differentiation path. However, their terminal differentiation only manifests itself in A2-A4, due to two distinct mechanisms: segment-specific programmed cell death (PCD) in posterior segments, and differentiation to an alternative identity in segments anterior to A2. Genetic analyses reveal that the Hox homeotic genes are involved in the segment-specific appearance of Va neurons. In posterior segments, the Hox gene Abdominal-B exerts a pro-apoptotic role on Va neurons, which involves the function of several RHG genes. Strikingly, this role of Abd-B is completely opposite to its role in the segment-specific apoptosis of other classes of neuropeptide neurons, the dMP2 and MP1 neurons, where Abd-B acts in an anti-apoptotic manner. In segments A2-A4 we find that abdominal A is important for the terminal differentiation of Va cell fate. In the A1 segment, Ultrabithorax acts to specify an alternate Va neuron fate. In contrast, in thoracic segments, Antennapedia suppresses the Va cell fate. Thus. Hox genes act in a multi-faceted manner to control the segment-specific appearance of the Va neuropeptide neurons in the ventral nerve cord.Original Publication:Anke Suska, Irene Miguel-Aliaga and Stefan Thor, Segment-specific generation of Drosophila Capability neuropeptide neurons by multi-faceted Hox cues, 2011, DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY, (353), 1, 72-80.http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ydbio.2011.02.015Copyright: Elsevier Science B.V., Amsterdamhttp://www.elsevier.com

Salivary Alpha-Amylase Activity, a New Biomarker in Heart Failure?

Salivary α-amylase activity is an increasingly investigated biomarker for the activation of the autonomic nervous system. Autonomic imbalance is associated to several diseases, one of which is heart failure, and the aim of the present study was to test if salivary α-amylase activity might be a new biomarker in patients with chronic heart failure. Methods: In this pilot study, 48 elderly men (range 59-89 years), 24 patients with established chronic heart failure in NYHA class I to III, and 24 controls were included. In all participants, saliva was collected for three consecutive days at three time points (at awakening, 30 minutes later and in the late afternoon), and blood was sampled for analysis of NT-proBNP. Results: Within the whole group of participants, a statistically significant positive correlation between morning salivary α-amylase activity levels and serum NT-proBNP could be found, which was strongest for the measurement taken 30 minutes after awakening, as well as a significant negative correlation of awakening α-amylase activity levels with arterial blood pressure. Within the control group separately, higher daily salivary α-amylase activity output correlated with increasing levels of NT-proBNP, while within the patients, the strongest association of α-amylase activity measures were found to be a negative correlation with blood pressure. Conclusions: Our data supports the idea that sAA activity has the potential as a non-invasive index of adrenergic activity in specific pathological conditions, though for heart failure in particular the results were merely modest, which was likely due to the specific intake of beta-receptor blocking drugs by all patients. Due to the large variability of sAA activity levels, we expect a greater potential for monitoring its changes over time, which could prove a valuable surrogate biomarker for cardiovascular diseases, including heart failure

Salivary Alpha-Amylase Activity, a New Biomarker in Heart Failure?

Salivary α-amylase activity is an increasingly investigated biomarker for the activation of the autonomic nervous system. Autonomic imbalance is associated to several diseases, one of which is heart failure, and the aim of the present study was to test if salivary α-amylase activity might be a new biomarker in patients with chronic heart failure. Methods: In this pilot study, 48 elderly men (range 59-89 years), 24 patients with established chronic heart failure in NYHA class I to III, and 24 controls were included. In all participants, saliva was collected for three consecutive days at three time points (at awakening, 30 minutes later and in the late afternoon), and blood was sampled for analysis of NT-proBNP. Results: Within the whole group of participants, a statistically significant positive correlation between morning salivary α-amylase activity levels and serum NT-proBNP could be found, which was strongest for the measurement taken 30 minutes after awakening, as well as a significant negative correlation of awakening α-amylase activity levels with arterial blood pressure. Within the control group separately, higher daily salivary α-amylase activity output correlated with increasing levels of NT-proBNP, while within the patients, the strongest association of α-amylase activity measures were found to be a negative correlation with blood pressure. Conclusions: Our data supports the idea that sAA activity has the potential as a non-invasive index of adrenergic activity in specific pathological conditions, though for heart failure in particular the results were merely modest, which was likely due to the specific intake of beta-receptor blocking drugs by all patients. Due to the large variability of sAA activity levels, we expect a greater potential for monitoring its changes over time, which could prove a valuable surrogate biomarker for cardiovascular diseases, including heart failure

G protein-coupled receptor mediated sensing of TMA

A new approach for the detection of trimethylamine (TMA) using recombinant Xenopus laevis melanophores was developed. The cells were genetically modified to express the mouse trace amine-associated receptor 5 (mTAAR5), a G protein-coupled receptor from the olfactory epithelium, which conferred high sensitivity to TMA. A focused chemical screen allowed the discovery of additional, previously unknown stimuli of mTAAR5. The cell-based sensor demonstrated no sensitivity to trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO), making it suitable for a convenient evaluation of TMA levels in fish tissue extracts. The developed gas measurement platform was able to detect TMA from 1 to 100 ppm within thirty-five minutes

G protein-coupled receptor mediated sensing of TMA

A new approach for the detection of trimethylamine (TMA) using recombinant Xenopus laevis melanophores was developed. The cells were genetically modified to express the mouse trace amine-associated receptor 5 (mTAAR5), a G protein-coupled receptor from the olfactory epithelium, which conferred high sensitivity to TMA. A focused chemical screen allowed the discovery of additional, previously unknown stimuli of mTAAR5. The cell-based sensor demonstrated no sensitivity to trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO), making it suitable for a convenient evaluation of TMA levels in fish tissue extracts. The developed gas measurement platform was able to detect TMA from 1 to 100 ppm within thirty-five minutes