Some results of research and forecasting of groundwater salinization in the coastal zone of Soc Trang province

In recent years, the situation of salinity intrusion is very complicated and becomes more serious in the coastal area of Soc Trang province. In this research, SEAWAT modified water density flow model was used to forecast the salinity intrusion for Holocene aquifer (qh) and upper Pleistocene aquifer (qp3) according to the water use planning scenario. The results show that the impact of groundwater extraction process increases the TDS content in the aquifer, the salt water/fresh water areas change over time, the trend of salinity change increases. In Holocene aquifer, salt water area is relatively large and the TDS concentration increases towards the sea, however, fresh water area changes inconsiderably: In 2015 accounting for 17.42% and by 2030 accounting for 17.77% of aquifer area. In upper Pleistocene aquifer, the fresh water area declines significantly: In 2015 accounting for 9.35% and by 2030 only accounting for 7.53% of aquifer area

Assessment of impacts of utilization on water resources in the basin of trans-boundary Red river system

The Red river system is the large trans-boundary river system, there has been no united system of hydrology stations as well as integrated plan for the water use and management in the whole basin. The trend of water resources change in the Red river system basin has been assessed on the basic of statistic analyses of data observed during the studies, especially in the time when the exploitation of water resources has been intensified for the multisectoral development. This paper shows some of the results from considerations of the water use in the highlands that is influential in water resources in the Red river system basin and the planned reservoirs which are built in the basin of Red river system. The results include the assessment of the state and trend of water resources in the Red river system basin, the trend of water level lowering in the lowlands and its impacts

Study on spatial distribution of coral reefs in Nam Yet island by using GIS and remote sensing techniques

Research and application of GIS and remote sensing techniques combined with field survey in coastal areas of Nam Yet island had been carried out to establish the distribution map of submarine habitats. Depth-invariant index was used to correct water column’s effects on spectral reflectance of each habitat. The results of satellite image classification showed that area with well-developed coral at great depths accounted for 12%, area with well-developed coral at small depths accounted for 9%, area with poorly-developed coral accounted for 13%, dead coral area accounted for 15% and area of sand, grit, pebbles and weathered coral accounted for 51%. The assessment after classification showed that the overall accuracy of the satellite image interpretation process was 94% and the kappa coefficient was 0.93

HỢP TÁC VIỆT - NGA TRONG CHẾ TẠO VÀ THỬ NGHIỆM MÁY THĂM DÒ ĐIỆN TỔ HỢP TEC-2 PHỤC VỤ KHẢO SÁT MÔI TRƯỜNG ĐỊA CHẤT TẦNG NÔNG

The geophysical investigation system named TEC-2 (Tomography Electric Complex-2) was designed, installed and tested in Institute of Marine Geology and Geophysics. This TEC-2 is the scientific cooperation product of Geomagnetic and Geoelectric Department of and POI and Geo - environmental Department of IMGG-VAST. The test results using TEC-2 show the capability of investigating by using certain pole system, short investigation time, high stability, the accuracy of two investigation times being more than 92%. The distributed design of electric poles, measuring operation, parameter selection, … are programmed and controlled automatically by computer. The TEC-2 system was used for investigating the weak structures in islands of Song Tu Tay, Son Ca, Nam Yet and Sinh Ton in Truong Sa Archipelagos and shallow geological environment in the area of Red River bank in Son Tay Hanoi. The acquired data  contributed to the success of the scientific projects managed by IMGG in the National Program of Bien Dong and islands in the period of 2011 - 2013 and VAST’s research project in the period of 2013 - 2014.Máy đo điện tổ hợp TEC-2 (Tomography Electric Complex-2)  được thiết kế, lắp ráp và thử nghiệm tại Viện Địa chất và Địa vật lý biển là sản phẩm hợp tác khoa học giữa phòng Địa từ điện của Viện Hàn lâm Khoa học Nga chi nhánh Viễn Đông (POI) và phòng Địa môi trường thuộc Viện Địa chất và Địa vật lý biển (IMGG). Kết quả đo thử nghiệm máy TEC-2 cho thấy khả năng đo tổ hợp nhiều phương pháp trên hệ điện cực bố trí sẵn, thời gian đo nhanh, độ ổn định của kết quả đo cao, độ chính xác giữa hai lần đo đạt trên 92%. Các thiết kế hệ điện cực, thao tác đo, chọn tham số được lập trình và điều khiển tự động bằng máy tính. Máy TEC-2 đã được sử dụng để nghiên cứu các đới cấu trúc yếu thuộc các đảo san hô Song Tử Tây, Cơn Ca, Nam Yết và Sinh Tồn thuộc quần đảo Trường Sa và môi trường địa chất tầng nông khu vực ven bờ Sông Hồng khu vực Sơn Tây Hà Nội. Các kết quả thu thập được đã đóng góp một phần quan trọng cho sự thành công của đề tài nghiên cứu do Viện Địa chất và Địa Vật lý biển chủ trì thuộc Chương trình Biển Đông và Hải đảo giai đoạn 2011 - 2013 và đề tài cấp Viện Hàn lâm Khoa học và Công nghệ Việt Nam giai đoạn 2013 - 2014

Research on marine environment and coral distribution on Nam Yet island using VNRedsat-1 and QuickBird images

Based on the processing of VNRedsat-1 and QuickBird images in the area of Truong Sa archipelago, the research results showed the efficiency of assessing marine environmental characteristics in surroundings of these islands. In this paper, we presented the research results on Nam Yet island and adjacent area. The marine parameters in this research include sea surface temperature (SST) and chlorophyll-a concentration in the surface layer as well as in the deep layers of 20m and 40m, the distributions of the ground objects such as coral shelf, sand accumulation, coral reef combined with seagrass and seaweed. The accuracy of assessment of supervised and unsupervised classified results is approximate of 87.8%. The research results allowed assessing the environmental characteristics, warning of the risk of erosion and coastal line change in the study area

Factors affecting the creativity of high school students

Creativity is a vital personality quality of each individual. Each person has their potential for creativity, and it can be nurtured and developed in an appropriate and safe environment. The purpose of the study was to find out which factors from schools and students themselves affect creativity as well as the association between creativity and age, gender and giftedness of students, which then a basis to adjust and establish appropriate methods from schools, families, and students themselves to develop elements and their creativity. The study was conducted on 108 high school students in three grades from giftedness and non-giftedness schools. The data was collected through a survey method using a self-constructed questionnaire and drawing creativity test TCT-DP to determine students' creativity levels and personal information. The study's finding, which uses mathematical methods and one-way analysis of variance, reveals that factors affecting elements and creativity level are objective factors including education environment from school; behavior of teachers, and subjective factors including interests, perspectives, and thoughts of students. It was also found that there were no significant differences in the components of creativity and creativity among students in different grades, gender, and groups of giftedness schools

Application of satellite images and VNREDSAT-1 images in study on marine environment in Truong Sa region

The remote sensing images, including images of MODIS, VNREDSAT-1 and altimeter, are applied for researching marine environment with the different resolutions. On the basis of different time remote sensing images, we concentrated on the assessment of several characteristics including the SST, chlorophyll-a concentration and sea surface current at the different depths in different monsoons as well. With the large areas, we used the images of MODIS and altimeter. The detailed research area focuses on the Nam Yet island, and the images of VNREDSAT-1 are used. The analysis method of environmental parameters of SST and chlorophyll-a used the regression functions based on the single and combined bands to enhance the accuracy of the analysis result. The marine parameters collected at different depths in the latest field surveys on Truong Sa archipelago in the years of 2015 and 2018 are presented in this paper. On the basis of these parameters, we can analyse the relationships and compare the real field survey data and corresponding results interpreted from remote sensing images

Healthy or Environmentally Friendly? Meat Consumption Practices of Green Consumers in Vietnam and Switzerland

High meat consumption is a phenomenon in both developed countries such as Switzerland and emerging countries such as Vietnam. This high meat consumption is associated with environmental, social, and health consequences. Drawing upon social practice theory, this study explores the influence of social practices on the meat consumption of green consumers, as a growing number of consumers in both countries want to eat healthy and sustainably but still have different needs and face different barriers. Data were collected from online group discussions. For green consumers, meat consumption was found to convey certain meanings and depends, among other things, on the information available. The consumption decision in Vietnam is strongly influenced by health and food safety, whereas negative environmental consequences are important in Switzerland. Social and cultural aspects also play a major part in the decision to eat or abstain from meat in both countries. Meat is a non-negotiable part of any special occasion meal in Vietnam and is often eaten at social gatherings in Switzerland. We argue that meat consumption is linked to social status in both countries, but family influence is stronger in Vietnam than in Switzerland. Interventions, such as policy measures that are adapted to regional, cultural, and consumer group specificities and focus on social practices rather than individual behavior, are a promising means to promote meat reduction

Safety and efficacy of fluoxetine on functional outcome after acute stroke (AFFINITY): a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial

Background Trials of fluoxetine for recovery after stroke report conflicting results. The Assessment oF FluoxetINe In sTroke recoverY (AFFINITY) trial aimed to show if daily oral fluoxetine for 6 months after stroke improves functional outcome in an ethnically diverse population. Methods AFFINITY was a randomised, parallel-group, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial done in 43 hospital stroke units in Australia (n=29), New Zealand (four), and Vietnam (ten). Eligible patients were adults (aged ≥18 years) with a clinical diagnosis of acute stroke in the previous 2–15 days, brain imaging consistent with ischaemic or haemorrhagic stroke, and a persisting neurological deficit that produced a modified Rankin Scale (mRS) score of 1 or more. Patients were randomly assigned 1:1 via a web-based system using a minimisation algorithm to once daily, oral fluoxetine 20 mg capsules or matching placebo for 6 months. Patients, carers, investigators, and outcome assessors were masked to the treatment allocation. The primary outcome was functional status, measured by the mRS, at 6 months. The primary analysis was an ordinal logistic regression of the mRS at 6 months, adjusted for minimisation variables. Primary and safety analyses were done according to the patient's treatment allocation. The trial is registered with the Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry, ACTRN12611000774921. Findings Between Jan 11, 2013, and June 30, 2019, 1280 patients were recruited in Australia (n=532), New Zealand (n=42), and Vietnam (n=706), of whom 642 were randomly assigned to fluoxetine and 638 were randomly assigned to placebo. Mean duration of trial treatment was 167 days (SD 48·1). At 6 months, mRS data were available in 624 (97%) patients in the fluoxetine group and 632 (99%) in the placebo group. The distribution of mRS categories was similar in the fluoxetine and placebo groups (adjusted common odds ratio 0·94, 95% CI 0·76–1·15; p=0·53). Compared with patients in the placebo group, patients in the fluoxetine group had more falls (20 [3%] vs seven [1%]; p=0·018), bone fractures (19 [3%] vs six [1%]; p=0·014), and epileptic seizures (ten [2%] vs two [<1%]; p=0·038) at 6 months. Interpretation Oral fluoxetine 20 mg daily for 6 months after acute stroke did not improve functional outcome and increased the risk of falls, bone fractures, and epileptic seizures. These results do not support the use of fluoxetine to improve functional outcome after stroke

Enhancing stability control of inverted pendulum using Takagi–Sugeno fuzzy model with disturbance rejection and input–output constraints

Abstract The Takagi–Sugeno (T–S) fuzzy model is a versatile approach widely used in system control, often in combination with other strategies. This paper addresses key control challenges linked to the T–S system and presents important considerations to ensure its successful application using the Lyapunov theorem. One crucial aspect is determining the optimal number of premise variables and selecting accurate fuzzy rules for the T–S model. Additionally, the theorem based on Linear Matrix Inequality (LMI) is developed to enable effective disturbance rejection. To enhance stability control, constraints are imposed on the output angle and control input of a rotary inverted pendulum (RIP). By integrating T–S fuzzy control, disturbance rejection, and input/output constraints, robust stability in controlling the RIP is achieved. Extensive simulations are performed to showcase the efficiency of the suggested method, and the simulation results are thoroughly discussed and analyzed to verify the efficacy of the control method