Trajectories of charged particles in electrostatic powder coating systems

In an electrostatic powder coating process, charged plastic particles of high resistivity are transported in an air jet to be deposited on an earthed object. The trajectory of a particle is determined by the interaction of various aerodynamic and electrostatic forces. The objective of this study is to identify the forces involved and to obtain a complete understanding of these forces affecting the particle trajectories in a spray booth. It is vitally important to understand the fundamental mechanisms of the process as the first step towards improving the deposition efficiency. Particle trajectories were calculated by solving numerically the equation of motion which was formulated by performing a force balance. A computer program was developed to; i) predict the particle trajectories and particle velocities. (ii) demonstrate the effects of the various parameters at every stage of the particle flight. Initially, various mathematical models were developed to describe these forces. The air flow from the spraying device was found to be the most important particle transporting mechanism and could be suitably described by an axisymmetric turbulent submerged jet solution. To verify the accuracy of the theory measurement of the air velocity distribution in the test section using a hot wire anemometry system was compared with calculated data. The electrical forces considered were due to the external applied field, image force field and the space charge field. Poisson's equation was solved for a simple conical geometry and the theory compared favourably with published experimental data of field iniensity distribution. The importance of another-phenomenon - 'corona wind' was also examined. It was shown that the field enhancement near the object was due to the space charge effect and this led to the establishment of a criterion to assess the space charge contribution. Experimentally, the motion of particle with size ranging from 45 to 120 pm was recorded using a photographic technique. The calculated trajectories were found to compare reasonably well with the experimental data. With reduction in particle size the discrepancy became more severe as the particle turbulent diffusion mechanism became increasingly significant

Properties of Cement Brick Containing Expanded Polystyrene Beads (EPS) And Palm Oil Fuel Ash (POFA)

This paper assesses the mechanical properties of cement brick containing Expanded Polystyrene Beads (EPS) and Palm Oil Fuel Ash (POFA) as partial replacement of sand and Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC). The aim of this research are to determine the mechanical properties of brick containing EPS and POFA as partial replacement of sand and OPC. The dosage for EPS replacement is 20%, 30%, 40% and 50% EPS whereas 5%, 10%, 15%, 20% and 25% of POFA replacement. The mechanical properties of the bricks are density, compressive strength and water absorption. The bricks with 30%, 40% and 50% EPS replacement have density below 1680 kg/m3 which considered as lightweight brick. The brick with 50% EPS replacement recorded lowest density which is 1328 kg/m3 while 1629 kg/m3 for the brick with  25% POFA replacement at 56-days of curing. The water absorption testing for these brick are between 7.20%-18.19%. Brick with 0% POFA and 50% EPS replacement has the lowest water absorption properties whereas brick with 25% POFA and 0% EPS replacement has the highest water absorption properties

Measurement of prompt D0^{0} and D‾\overline{D}0^{0} meson azimuthal anisotropy and search for strong electric fields in PbPb collisions at root SNN\sqrt{S_{NN}} = 5.02 TeV

The strong Coulomb field created in ultrarelativistic heavy ion collisions is expected to produce a rapiditydependent difference (Av2) in the second Fourier coefficient of the azimuthal distribution (elliptic flow, v2) between D0 (uc) and D0 (uc) mesons. Motivated by the search for evidence of this field, the CMS detector at the LHC is used to perform the first measurement of Av2. The rapidity-averaged value is found to be (Av2) = 0.001 ? 0.001 (stat)? 0.003 (syst) in PbPb collisions at ?sNN = 5.02 TeV. In addition, the influence of the collision geometry is explored by measuring the D0 and D0mesons v2 and triangular flow coefficient (v3) as functions of rapidity, transverse momentum (pT), and event centrality (a measure of the overlap of the two Pb nuclei). A clear centrality dependence of prompt D0 meson v2 values is observed, while the v3 is largely independent of centrality. These trends are consistent with expectations of flow driven by the initial-state geometry. ? 2021 The Author. Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY licens

Measurements of production cross sections of polarized same-sign W boson pairs in association with two jets in proton-proton collisions at s=13 TeV

The first measurements of production cross sections of polarized same-sign W±W±boson pairs in proton-proton collisions are reported. The measurements are based on a data sample collected with the CMS detector at the LHC at a center-of-mass energy of 13TeV, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 137fb−1. Events are selected by requiring exactly two same-sign leptons, electrons or muons, moderate missing transverse momentum, and two jets with a large rapidity separation and a large dijet mass to enhance the contribution of same-sign W±W±scattering events. An observed (expected) 95% confidence level upper limit of 1.17 (0.88)fbis set on the production cross section for longitudinally polarized same-sign W±W±boson pairs. The electroweak production of same-sign W±W±boson pairs with at least one of the Wbosons longitudinally polarized is measured with an observed (expected) significance of 2.3 (3.1) standard deviations.SCOAP

Tumor cell identification using features rules

Proceedings of the ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining495-50

Correlation-based attribute outlier detection in XML

10.1109/ICDE.2008.4497610Proceedings - International Conference on Data Engineering1522-152

Perovskite LaxM1-xNi0.8Fe0.2O3 catalyst for steam reforming of toluene: Crucial role of alkaline earth metal at low steam condition

10.1016/j.apcatb.2013.10.001Applied Catalysis B: Environmental148-149231-242ACBE