Nota corta. Patógenos telúricos aislados de planta de judía (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) con síntomas de mal de pie en Galicia

Pathogens belonging to the disease complex responsible for bean collar and root rots in northwest Spain were identified and their pathogenic behaviour studied over a two year period (2004-2005). The potential fungal and oomycete pathogens Fusarium solani f. sp. phaseoli (Burkh.) W.C. Snyder and Hansen, Rhizoctonia solani Kühn, Pythium ultimum Trow, Pythium Group G, Fusarium avenaceum (Fr.) Sacc., F. culmorum W. G. Sm. (Sacc.), Botrytis cinerea Pers., Sclerotinia sclerotiorum (Lib.) de Bary and Sclerotium rolfsii Sacc. were isolated from 419 bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) plants affected by collar or root rot. Fusarium solani f. sp. phaseoli was the most frequently isolated (found on 63.7% of the farms surveyed and isolated from 19.3% of the diseased plants), followed by R. solani and the Pythium species. Inoculating Phaseolus vulgaris cv. Música and Zondra with 14 isolates of these fungi and oomycetes showed F. solani f. sp. phaseoli to be the most aggressive pathogen of the complex; F. avenaceum and F. culmorum were found not to be pathogenic for either cultivar. The results confirm that F. solani and R. solani are the main pathogens of the bean collar/root rot disease complex in northwest Spain, affecting crops in their early growth stages. The complex also includes P. ultimum and Pythium Group G.Durante los años 2004 y 2005 se llevó a cabo en Galicia la identificación de los patógenos que formaban parte del complejo parasitario responsable del mal de pie en el cultivo de la judía, así como la evaluación de su poder patógeno. Los hongos y oomicetos patógenos potenciales aislados sobre un total de 419 plantas de judía (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) con síntomas de mal de pie, muestreados durante dicho período en Galicia, fueron los siguientes: Fusarium solani f. sp. phaseoli (Burkh.)W.C. Snyder y Hansen, Rhizoctonia solani Kühn, Pythium ultimum Trow, Pythium Grupo G, Fusarium avenaceum (Fr.) Sacc., F. culmorum W. G. Sm. (Sacc.), Botrytis cinerea Pers., Sclerotinia sclerotiorum (Lib.) de Bary y Sclerotium rolfsii Sacc. El patógeno más frecuentemente aislado fue F. solani f. sp. phaseoli, detectado en el 63,7% de las explotaciones muestreadas, así como en el 19,3% de las plantas analizadas, seguido de R. solani y de Pythium spp. Las pruebas de inoculación de 14 aislamientos de estos hongos y oomicetos sobre las variedades de judía Música y Zondra indicaron que F. solani f. sp phaseoli posee el mayor poder patógeno, mientras que F. avenaceum y F. culmorum no resultaron ser patogénicos sobre ninguna de las dos variedades inoculadas. Los resultados de este trabajo confirman que F. solani y R. solani son los principales patógenos responsables del mal de pie de la judía en Galicia, complejo parasitario que incluye también a P. ultimum y P. Grupo G en los primeros estadíos del cultivo

Evaluación de la analgesia y de la funcionalidad a corto y medio plazo, de dos diferentes posiciones y tipos de cánulas de radiofrecuencia, en la denervación del Ramo Medial del Nervio Dorsal para el tratamiento de la lumbalgia de origen facetario

Tesis doctoral inédita leída en la Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Facultad de Medicina, Departamento de Cirugía. Fecha de lectura: 20-09-2019La Radiofrecuencia del Ramo Medial del Nervio Dorsal (RMND) es una de las técnicas más empleadas en las Unidades del Dolor en la actualidad. No existe una evidencia si el posicionamiento de las cánulas, así como el tipo de las mismas influye realmente en el resultado analgésico. En el siguiente estudio se intenta evaluar si hay diferencias entre dos maneras de posicionar las cánulas de radiofrecuencia con respecto al RMND, una paralela (PA) con agujas gruesas y otra perpendicular (PE) con agujas finas. Estudio prospectivo, aleatorizado, ciego unicéntrico, en el que todos los participantes fueron diagnosticados con dos bloqueos diagnósticos control con placebo, para diagnosticar el dolor de origen facetario. Una vez diagnosticados eran aleatorizados a dos grupos: unos se les realizaba radiofrecuencia del RMND con cánulas gruesas paralelas al mismo y otros se les realizaba la radiofrecuencia con cánulas finas, perpendiculares al RMND. El objetivo principal es evaluar si hay diferencias entre las dos técnicas en la intensidad del dolor medido con la Escala Visual Analógica a corto y medio plazo, y como objetivos secundarios si hay diferencias en funcionalidad de los pacientes, medidas mediante la Escala de Roland Morris, el Índice de Oswestry y varias escalas Likert de influencia del dolor en diferentes actividades cotidianas. Las conclusiones del estudio son que en ambas técnicas PA y PE se produce una neurotomía similar, en cuanto a eficacia de lesión del RMND (se lesiona el mismo en ambas técnicas). Sin embargo, hay diferencias entre ambas en duración de la analgesia y en funcionalidad al sexto mes. Todo ello pone de manifiesto que la hipotética mayor lesión del RMND conseguida con una disposición paralela de las cánulas gruesas, con respecto a una hipotética menor lesión conseguida con una disposición perpendicular de las cánulas finas, provoca una mejor analgesia en el tiempo, no estadísticamente significativa; y una mejora temporal en aspectos funcionales como la actividad, el estado de ánimo, el caminar, el trabajo, las relaciones personales, el dormir y la capacidad de diversión en los que interfiere la lumbalgia, sí estadísticamente significativos.Lumbar Facet Pain is a source of chronic low back pain. Pain coming from zygapophysial joints (facet joints) can only been diagnosed by proper performed diagnostic blocks of the lumbar medial branch (LMB) (the nerve that innervates facet joints). Taking into consideration that placebo effect is responsible of many false positive results of diagnostic blocks; the only way of reducing false positives is performing controlled blocks (using placebo in a diagnostic block). Lumbar facetogenic pain can be suspected by physical examination and imaging techniques, but the only way of diagnosing pain arising from facets is, as said, proper performed controlled blocks. Many of the studies done previously had misleading conclusions because they failed in properly diagnosing the condition, and probably not performing a proper neurotomy technique. This study tries to compare if there are any differences in pain reduction between placing thin needles perpendicular to the medial branch nerve from thick needles placed parallel in medial branch neurotomy, after a proper diagnosis of the condition, using controlled blocks. The primary objective is to evaluate if there are differences in pain reduction placing thin needles (22 gauge) perpendicular to the LMB from placing thick (18 gauge) needles parallel to the LMB. Pain intensity evaluation will be performed at one, three and six months after the intervention, using Visual Analogue Scale (VAS). Secondary Objectives: disability pain with Roland Morris and Oswestry indexes at 1-3 and 6 months. Study Population: patients who did not respond to conservative medications, or were not willing to take painkillers, and had lumbar pain for more than 3 months. RESULTS: there were no significant differences in Pain Score at 1-3-6 months. There were significant differences in reducing 20 points in VAS scale at 6 months in favour of the parallel group. There were significant differences at six months in activity, mood, walking, working, personal relationships, sleeping and ability to have fun in favour of the parallel grou

Impact of the Rise of Artificial Intelligence in Radiology: What Do Students Think?

The rise of artificial intelligence (AI) in medicine, and particularly in radiology, is becoming increasingly prominent. Its impact will transform the way the specialty is practiced and the current and future education model. The aim of this study is to analyze the perception that undergraduate medical students have about the current situation of AI in medicine, especially in radiology. A survey with 17 items was distributed to medical students between 3 January to 31 March 2022. Two hundred and eighty-one students correctly responded the questionnaire; 79.3% of them claimed that they knew what AI is. However, their objective knowledge about AI was low but acceptable. Only 24.9% would choose radiology as a specialty, and only 40% of them as one of their first three options. The applications of this technology were valued positively by most students, who give it an important Support Role, without fear that the radiologist will be replaced by AI (79.7%). The majority (95.7%) agreed with the need to implement well-established ethical principles in AI, and 80% valued academic training in AI positively. Surveyed medical students have a basic understanding of AI and perceive it as a useful tool that will transform radiology.This research was in part funded by IDIS (Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago). Partial funding for open access charge: Universidad de Málag

El género como factor determinante del emprendimiento tecnológico en sudamérica

[RESUMEN] El emprendimiento influye positivamente sobre la creación de empleo y el crecimiento económico, más aún cuando estos son llevados a cabo en sectores tecnológicos. La evidencia empírica demuestra que las mujeres se enfrentan a mayores barreras cuando de emprender se trata, pero ¿sucede lo mismo en el emprendimiento tecnológico? El presente trabajo tiene un doble objetivo: 1) analizar el efecto del factor género sobre la participación de los individuos sudamericanos en emprendimientos tecnológicos; 2) identificar en qué medida estos efectos difieren con respecto al emprendimiento en sectores convencionales. El análisis está basado en una muestra de la población sudamericana (Argentina, Brasil, Chile, Colombia, Perú, Uruguay y Venezuela) de entre 18 a 64 años, utilizando datos del Global Entrepreneurship Monitor (GEM) para el año 2011. Tras un análisis descriptivo que definió el perfil de la persona emprendedora tecnológica en Sudamérica, el análisis econométrico permitió, mediante logit, medir la probabilidad asociada al factor género sobre el emprendimiento de base tecnológica. Los resultados empíricos obtenidos revelan que el hecho de ser mujer ejerce un efecto negativo sobre la probabilidad de estar involucrada en un emprendimiento tecnológico. Sin embargo, el género tiene un efecto indiferente sobre el emprendimiento convencional. Estos resultados parecen estar indicando que en Sudamérica la participación de las mujeres en el emprendimiento tecnológico podría no haber superado las barreras sociales y personales que se les adhiere tradicionalmente, a diferencia de los que podría haber ocurrido con el emprendimiento convencional

Prototipo de controlador MIDI biomecánico para uso en sintetizadores virtuales

El presente trabajo consiste en el diseño, desarrollo e implementación de un prototipo de dispositivo biomecánico de bajo costo capaz de controlar, con movimientos corporales, distintos tipos de sintetizadores o instrumentos virtuales que existen actualmente en la industria musical utilizando el protocolo MIDI. Durante el desarrollo del trabajo se presentan distintos aspectos que involucran, la elección de componentes de hardware, la fabricación de una placa de circuito impreso y de una carcasa para el montaje de la misma, así como también el desarrollo de una aplicación para el testeo del dispositivo a través de una PC.Workshop: WPSSTR - Procesamientos de Señales Sistemas de Tiempo RealRed de Universidades con Carreras en Informátic

Formal conceptualisation as a basic for a more procedural knowledge management

Knowledge management at an organisational level can only be brought into practice if a corporate memory is defined. Unfortunately, at this moment there is no complete and procedural specification on how to build it. This paper presents a complete and generic knowledge representation scheme that makes it possible to conceptualise/represent the knowledge of any domain in a systematic way, guiding the definition of a corporate memory and allowing us to reach a more procedural level in knowledge management discipline. The conclusions of our study, which follows the generic and formal definition of any conceptualisation, are illustrated by a real project

Transcultural adaptation and validation of the “Hip and Knee” questionnaire into Spanish

Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't;BACKGROUND The purpose of the present study is to translate and validate the "Hip and Knee Outcomes Questionnaire", developed in English, into Spanish. The 'Hip and Knee Outcomes Questionnaire is a questionnaire planned to evaluate the impact in quality of life of any problem related to the human musculoskeletal system. 10 scientific associations developed it. METHODS The questionnaire underwent a validated translation/retro-translation process. Patients undergoing primary knee arthroplasty, before and six months postoperative, tested the final version in Spanish. Psychometric properties of feasibility, reliability, validity and sensitivity to change were assessed. Convergent validity with SF-36 and WOMAC questionnaires was evaluated. RESULTS 316 patients were included. Feasibility: a high number of missing items in questions 3, 4 and 5 were observed. The number of patients with a missing item was 171 (51.35%) in the preoperative visit and 139 (44.0%) at the postoperative. Internal validity: revision of coefficients in the item-rest correlation recommended removing question 6 during the preoperative visit (coefficient <0.20). Convergent validity: coefficients of correlation with WOMAC and SF-36 scales confirm the questionnaire's validity. Sensitivity to change: statistically significant differences were found between the mean scores of the first visit compared to the postoperative. CONCLUSION The proposed translation to Spanish of the 'Hip and Knee Questionnaire' is found to be reliable, valid and sensible to changes produced at the clinical practice of patients undergoing primary knee arthroplasty. However, some changes at the completion instructions are recommended. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE Level I. Prognostic study.Ye

Impact of DLK1-DIO3 imprinted cluster hypomethylation in smoker patients with lung cancer

DNA methylation is important for gene expression and genome stability, and its disruption is thought to play a key role in the initiation and progression of cancer and other diseases. The DLK1-DIO3 cluster has been shown to be imprinted in humans, and some of its components are relevant to diverse pathological processes. The purpose of this study was to assess the methylation patterns of the DLK1-DIO3 cluster in patients with lung cancer to study its relevance in the pathogenesis of this disease. We found a characteristic methylation pattern of this cluster in smoking associated lung cancer, as compared to normal lung tissue. This methylation profile is not patent however in lung cancer of never smokers nor in lung tissue of COPD patients. We found 3 deregulated protein-coding genes at this locus: one was hypermethylated (DIO3) and two were hypomethylated (DLK1 and RTL1). Statistically significant differences were also detected in two different families of SNORDs, two miRNA clusters and four lncRNAs (MEG3, MEG8, MEG9 and LINC00524). These findings were validated using data from the cancer genome atlas (TCGA) database. We have then showed an inverse correlation between DNA methylation and expression levels in 5 randomly selected genes. Several targets of miRNAs included in the DLK1-DIO3 cluster have been experimentally verified as tumor suppressors. All of these results suggest that the dysmethylation of the imprinted DLK1-DIO3 cluster could have a relevant role in the pathogenesis of lung cancer in current and former smokers and may be used for diagnostic and/or therapeutic purposes.Instituto de Salud Carlos III PI17/00033Junta de Andalucía PI2009-0224 y PI-0046-2012LPA fundado por Instituto de Salud Carlos III PI1102688, 1401964, R12/0036/0028 y CB16/12/00442Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad PI12/00137, PI15/00045, RTICC: RD12/0036/0028, CB16/12/00275Junta de Andalucía PI-0135-2010 y PI-0306-2012Junta de Andalucía CTS-6844 y CTS-1848Instituto de Salud Carlos III PI12/0283

Histology-dependent prognostic role of pERK and p53 protein levels in early-stage non-small cell lung cancer

Lung tumors represent a major health problem. In early stage NSCLC tumors, surgical resection is the preferred treatment, but 30-55% of patients will relapse within 5 years after surgery. Thus, the identification of prognostic biomarkers in early stage NSCLC patients, especially those which are therapeutically addressable, is crucial to enhance survival of these patients. We determined the immunohistochemistry expression of key proteins involved in tumorigenesis and oncogenic signaling, p53, EGFR, pAKT and pERK, and correlated their expression level to clinicopathological characteristics and patient outcome. We found EGFR expression is higher in the squamous cell carcinomas than in adenocarcinomas (p=0.043), and that nuclear p53 staining correlated with lower differentiated squamous tumors (p=0.034). Regarding the prognostic potential of the expression of these proteins, high pERK levels proved to be an independent prognostic factor for overall (p<0.001) and progression-free survival (p<0.001) in adenocarcinoma patients, but not in those from the squamous histology, and high p53 nuclear levels were identified as independent prognostic factor for progression-free survival (p=0.031) only in squamous cell carcinoma patients. We propose a role as early prognostic biomarkers for pERK protein levels in adenocarcinoma, and for nuclear p53 levels in squamous cell lung carcinoma. The determination of these potential biomarkers in the adequate histologic context may predict the outcome of early stage NSCLC patients, and may offer a therapeutic opportunity to enhance survival of these patients.L.P.A. was funded by Instituto de Salud Carlos III (PI14/01964, PIE15/00076, CB16/12/00442, and R12/0036/0028) and co-funded by the European Union (ERDF/ESF, “Investing in your future”). The laboratory of A.C. was supported by grants from the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness (PN I+D+I 2008-2011 and PE I+D+I 2013-2016), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (PI15/00045 and CB16/12/00275) and co-funded by the European Union (ERDF/ESF, “Investing in your future”), Consejeria de Ciencia e Innovacion (CTS-1848) and Consejeria de Salud of the Junta de Andalucia (PI-0096-2014). S.M.P. is funded by Fundación Mutua Madrileña (2014) and Instituto de Salud Carlos III (PI17/00033) and co-funded by the European Union (ERDF/ESF, “Investing in your future”). I.F. is funded by AECC (AIO2015) and Consejería de Igualdad, Salud y Políticas Sociales de la Junta de Andalucía (PI-0029-2013) and Instituto de Salud Carlos III (PI16/01311) and co-funded by the European Union (ERDF/ESF, “Investing in your future”). A.Q. is funded by Instituto de Salud Carlos III (FI12/00429) and co-funded by the European Union (ERDF/ ESF, “Investing in your future”).S

MiR-107 and miR-99a-3p predict chemotherapy response in patients with advanced colorectal cancer

Molina-Pinelo, Sonia et al.[Background] MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are involved in numerous biological and pathological processes including colorectal cancer (CRC). The aim of our study was to evaluate the ability of miRNA expression patterns to predict chemotherapy response in a cohort of 78 patients with metastatic CRC (mCRC).[Methods] We examined expression levels of 667 miRNAs in the training cohort and evaluated their potential association with relevant clinical endpoints. We identified a miRNA profile that was analysed by RT-qPCR in an independent cohort. For a set of selected miRNAs, bioinformatic target predictions and pathway analysis were also performed.[Results] Eight miRNAs (let-7 g*, miR-107, miR-299-5p, miR-337-5p, miR-370, miR-505*, miR-889 and miR-99a-3p) were significant predictors of response to chemotherapy in the training cohort. In addition, overexpression of miR-107, miR-337-5p and miR-99a-3p, and underexpression of miR-889, were also significantly associated with improved progression-free and/or overall survival. MicroRNA-107 and miR-99a-3p were further validated in an independent cohort as predictive markers for chemotherapy response. In addition, an inverse correlation was confirmed in our study population between miR-107 levels and mRNA expression of several potential target genes (CCND1, DICER1, DROSHA and NFKB1).[Conclusions] MiR-107 and miR-99a-3p were validated as predictors of response to standard fluoropyrimidine-based chemotherapy in patients with mCRC. © 2014 Molina-Pinelo et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.RGC is funded by Fondo de Investigación Sanitaria (PI10/02164), Servicio Andaluz de Salud (PI-0259/2007) and RTICC (R12/0036/0028). SM-P is funded by Fondo de Investigación Sanitaria (CD1100153) and Fundación Científica de la Asociación Española Contra el Cáncer. MDP is funded by Fondo de Investigación Sanitaria (CD0900148). AC lab was supported by grants to from the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitivity, ISCIII (Fis: PI12/00137, RTICC: RD12/0036/0028), Consejeria de Ciencia e Innovacion (CTS-6844) and Consejeria de Salud of the Junta de Andalucia (PI-0135-2010 and PI-0306-2012).Peer Reviewe