Nursing Careers Paths: An Analysis with Professionals in Different Generational Groups

Este artigo tem como propósito central investigar trajetórias de carreira em duas categorias de profissionais de enfermagem - Auxiliar de Enfermagem e Técnico de Enfermagem - considerando diferentes grupamentos etário-geracionais a que se associam. Em termos metodológicos a pesquisa que subsidiou seus resultados pode ser caracterizada como de natureza qualitativa, conduzida por meio do método de estudo de casos múltiplos. A pesquisa compreendeu entrevistas em profundidade e semiestruturadas. Os relatos obtidos foram tratados com base nos procedimentos prescritos para a técnica de evocação de imagens. Como resultado, pode-se observar que as três gerações apontaram peculiaridades quanto ao perfil e valores profissionais requeridos. A entrevistada da geração Babyboomer apresenta-se mais “fiel” à profissão, ao trabalho em si e às instituições a que se vinculam, desenvolvendo nas mesmas carreiras longas. Já o profissional da Geração X demonstra, comparativamente aos Babyboomers, maior valorização à sua carreira individual vis-à-vis ao trabalho em si e ao “apego” organizacional. A entrevistada da Geração Y, por sua vez, demonstrou, comparativamente aos dois outros grupamentos, menor vinculação à carreira, instituição e ao trabalho em si, relevando-se mais intolerante, contraditória; movimentando-se com maior intensidade no mercado de trabalho. Em suma, o conjunto dos achados corroboram percepções empíricas, bem como dados de pesquisas científicas que apontam para diferenças quanto à compreensão da noção de carreira entre distintos grupamentos geracionais que atualmente convivem nos contextos organizacionais.This article has the purpose to investigate career trajectories in two categories of nursing professionals - Nursing Assistant and Nursing Technician - considering different generational groups to which they associate. In methodological terms, the research that subsidized its results can be characterized as qualitative, conducted through the multiple case study method. The survey comprised in-depth and semi-structured interviews. The reports obtained were treated based on the procedures prescribed for the technique of image evocation. As a result, it can be observed that the three generations pointed out peculiarities regarding the profile and professional values required. The interviewee of the Babyboomer generation is more "faithful" to the profession, the work itself and the institutions to which they are linked, developing in the same long careers. The Generation X professional, compared to Babyboomers, shows a greater appreciation of their individual career vis-à-vis the work itself and the organizational "addiction". The Generation Y interviewee, on the other hand, showed, in comparison to the other two groups, less involvement in the career, institution and work itself, being more intolerant and contradictory; with greater intensity in the labor market. Lastly, the set of findings corroborate empirical perceptions, as well as data from scientific research that point to differences in understanding the notion of career among different generational groups that currently coexist in organizational context

Mortalidade, morbidade e categorização de risco para complicações perioperatórias em pacientes com câncer de pulmão

OBJECTIVE:To determine morbidity and mortality rates by risk category in accordance with the American College of Chest Physicians guidelines, to determine what role pulmonary function tests play in this categorization process, and to identify risk factors for perioperative complications (PCs).METHODS:This was a historical cohort study based on preoperative and postoperative data collected for cases of lung cancer diagnosed or suspected between 2001 and 2010.RESULTS:Of the 239 patients evaluated, only 13 (5.4%) were classified as being at high risk of PCs. Predicted postoperative FEV1 (FEV1ppo) was sufficient to define the risk level in 156 patients (65.3%); however, cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) was necessary for identifying those at high risk. Lung resection was performed in 145 patients. Overall morbidity and mortality rates were similar to those reported in other studies. However, morbidity and mortality rates for patients at an acceptable risk of PCs were 31.6% and 4.3%, respectively, whereas those for patients at high risk were 83.3% and 33.3%. Advanced age, COPD, lobe resection, and lower FEV1ppo were correlated with PCs.CONCLUSIONS:Although spirometry was sufficient for risk assessment in the majority of the population studied, CPET played a key role in the identification of high-risk patients, among whom the mortality rate was seven times higher than was that observed for those at an acceptable risk of PCs. The risk factors related to PCs coincided with those reported in previous studies.OBJETIVO:Determinar as taxas de morbidade e mortalidade por categoria de risco conforme as diretrizes do American College of Chest Physicians, verificar como exames funcionais participaram dessa categorização e identificar fatores de risco para complicações perioperatórias (CPOs).MÉTODOS:Estudo de coorte histórica a partir de avaliações pré e pós-operatórias de casos diagnosticados ou suspeitos de câncer de pulmão avaliados entre 2001 e 2010.RESULTADOS:Dos 239 pacientes avaliados, apenas 13 (5,4%) foram considerados como de alto risco para CPOs. O cálculo do VEF1 previsto para o pós-operatório (VEF1ppo) foi suficiente para a estratificação do risco em 156 pacientes (65,3%); entretanto, o teste de exercício cardiopulmonar (TECP) foi necessário para a identificação de alto risco. Foram operados 145 pacientes, e as taxas globais de morbidade e mortalidade encontradas foram semelhantes às de outros estudos. Entretanto, as taxas de morbidade e mortalidade para aqueles com risco aceitável foram de 31,6% e 4,3%, respectivamente, enquanto as taxas para aqueles com alto risco foram de 83,3% e 33,3%. Idade mais avançada, presença da DPOC, ressecção de um ou mais lobos e VEF1ppo mais baixo estiveram relacionados à ocorrência de CPOs.CONCLUSÕES:Embora a espirometria tenha sido suficiente para a determinação de risco na maioria da população estudada, o TECP teve papel fundamental na identificação de pacientes com risco alto, que apresentaram uma taxa de mortalidade sete vezes maior que os de risco aceitável. Os fatores de risco relacionados a CPOs coincidiram aos relatados em outros estudos.Federal University of São Paulo Department of MedicineArnaldo Vieira de Carvalho Cancer InstituteUNIFESP, Department of MedicineSciEL

The use of a three-dimensional mesh in plastic surgery

INTRODUCTION: Image recording as we know it today has evolved considerably from the beginning of photography by means of light printing directly onto a photosensitive material, up to the mathematical algorithms that constitute three-dimensional (3-D) meshes in stereophotogrammetry. The 3-D technology to capture and extract reliable information in plastic surgery has evolved considerably in recent years. However, the procedure for which the applicability potential can be exploited directly by the surgeon in their routine work should be fully understood. The objective of this work was to address the conceptual aspects and the accuracy of the image capture, and to illustrate clinical applications of 3-D meshes, with emphasis on their importance in clinical use. METHODS: Literature on the principles of image capture and formation of tridimensional models was reviewed, as well as the description of the application of the tests of accuracy with the use of a structured-light scanner. Clinical indications of 3-D meshes were evaluated both in the preoperative planning and postsurgical follow-up. RESULTS: The principles of the image capture technologies were established, and the reproducibility of the validation of the tool to capture meshes was confirmed. The clinical applicability both in programming and monitoring was exemplified. CONCLUSION: The conceptual difference between photography and the 3-D mesh system was established, together with the introduction of the principles of 3-D technology. The clinical applications of the method were presented, evidencing the promising application of dimensional models in plastic surgery

Como a Estratégia Coopetitiva pode se Transformar em Diferencial Competitivo para Empresas de Pequeno Porte: Análise Qualitativa de uma Rede Estratégica

O atual a ambiente competitivo em que as micro e pequenas empresas estão inseridas tem exigido cada vez mais que as empresas se preparem estrategicamente para competirem. Isso requer muitas vezes que as pequenas e micro empresas se unam em torno de uma única estratégia que as permita cooperarem e competirem simultaneamente face as grandes empresas presentes no mesmo mercado. A pesquisa foi realizada por meio da revisão da literatura, entrevistas com participantes da rede cooperfarma, gerentes e diretores, além de observação nas empresas e do mercado local. Com o desenvolvimento da pesquisa foi possível identificar na realidade das empresas participantes da rede em estudo que grande parte dos benefícios e diferenciais competitivos apontados na literatura foram constatados, e que, a estratégia coopetitiva proporciona além da sobrevivência no mercado, tem proporcionado crescimento conjunto de todos os participantes da rede e também aumento da lucratividade

Reduction of samples chemical analysis time at a steel company using a continuous improvement team

In the current competitive scenario, organizations have been using techniques capable of increasing their production capacities and maintaining a level of competitiveness that ensures their survival. One such technique is known as continuous improvement. Following this line of reasoning, the current study aims to describe how a continuous improvement team (quality control circle), one of the pillars of the integrated management system of a steel company, can reduce the time performing chemical analyses by the chemical laboratory in which the project was carried out. Through improvement actions to mitigate the causes prioritized by the continuous improvement team, a reduction of 27% between 2014 and 2015 was obtained in the number of samples´ analysis that were not within the maximum acceptable time of 4.5 minutes. In the period that all the improvement actions for the prioritized causes had already been implemented, there was a reduction of the analyses time of 4.26 minutes, below the target of 4.5 minutes. The best practices were standardized by reviewing the technical procedure in order to keep the time to perform analyses under the target (4.5 minutes) over the next years. According to the calculations made by the engineers, the company prevented the loss of an annual value of R$ 2.2 M with the conclusion of the project

Nota técnica referente à construção do dique de contenção no Pontal da Barra – Laranjal (Pelotas, RS)

Não apresenta.Sem bols

Plant Poisoning Containing Hydrocyanic Acid in Cattle in Southern Brazil

Background: Cyanogenic plants accumulate cyanogenic glycosides and release hydrocyanic acid (HCN). In Brazil, there have been reports of several plants that cause HCN poisoning in animals and lead to a fast death with few clinical signs and lesions on post-mortem examination. Some cultivars of Cynodon spp. grasses cause HCN poisoning in cattle in Brazil. The objectives of this work were to report the occurrence of deaths by HCN poisoning in cattle as diagnosed by the veterinary pathology laboratory, describe the quantity of HCN in some cultivars of Cynodon spp., as well as, to describe one cultivar of genus Cynodonnever reported as poisonous.Materials, Methods & Results: The archives of the Veterinary Pathology Laboratory (LPV) at the Concórdia Campus of the Instituto Federal Catarinense (IFC) were reviewed, seeking cases with a diagnosis of hydrocyanic acid poisoning in cattle after post mortem examination. The amount of HCN present in some cultivars of the Cynodon genus was quantified due to the high frequency of poisoning cases. From the 1,235 post mortem examinations of cattle 28 (2.27%) were diagnosed with spontaneous hydrocyanic acid poisoning, 17 cases (60.7%) due to ingestion of Prunus sp. or Manihot sp., and 11 cases (39.3%) of Cynodon dactylon ingestion. Most animals were found dead, normally having presented no clinical signs. Macroscopic evaluation mainly showed a severe amount of unchewed and undigested leaves or grass mixed in the ruminal content presenting a bitter almond odor. It was possible to infer that, among cultivars of the Cynodon genus, Florakirk showed the highest levels of HCN compared (P < 0.05) with Star of Puerto Rico, Tifton 68, Tifton 44, and Coast-Cross. Furthermore, Tifton 85 and Jiggs showed undetected levels of HCN. Leaves showed the highest HCN levels when comparing different parts of the plant. Regarding conservation methods, hay showed undetectable levels of HCN.Discussion: To the best of our knowledge, this work is the first description of HCN poisoning in cattle due to ingestion of Cynodon dactylon cultivar Florakirk. This condition is described with a fast-clinical course, with animals found dead with no premonitory clinical signs. Poisoned animals did not develop macroscopic or microscopic specific lesions. Poisoning can be suspected when animals die suddenly, with absence of lesions under necropsy, and large amounts of unchewed and undigested leaves or grass inside their forestomaches. The diagnosis can be established performing the Picrosodic paper test, either in the pasture, or in the ruminal content. Occasionally however, HCN can go undetected when this chemical compound volatilizes between death and necropsy after several hours. Of all the Cynodon cultivars evaluated, Florakirk was the most dangerous for animals. In contrast, Tifton 85 and Jiggs released no HCN. Leaves were the part of the plant presenting the highest concentration of HCN. This is a defense mechanism that the plant develops against the ingestion by animals. This condition can cause great economic losses to farmers with the loss of animals and the need for prevention by using cultivars without HCN or hay, as 2.27% (28) of deaths diagnosed by the Veterinary Pathology Laboratory in the west of Santa Catarina, Brazil, were due to HCN poisoning. Notably, Florakirk cultivar was identified as the most dangerous cultivar tested, with higher levels compared with Tifton 68. The Star of Puerto Rico cultivar showed similar levels of HCN as Tifton 68. Both cultivars are commonly cultivated in many farms in the south of Brazil

BIODIVERSIDADE: INICIATIVAS POPULARES DO MOVIMENTO ESTUDANTIL NACIONAL DA BIOLOGIA

Diante de um provável cenário de colapso ambiental, diversas iniciativas em defesa da biodiversidade e da vida surgem em um amplo campo de correlações de força na sociedade. Apesar de que o movimento estudantil nacional da biologia colabora na promoção da discussão de temas relacionados àbiodiversidade, são escassos os trabalhos na literatura que abordam as contribuições desse movimento na discussão da temática biodiversidade. No presente artigo, objetivou-se conduzir uma discussão acerca da temática biodiversidade e, concomitantemente, destacar algumas ações do movimentoestudantil nacional da biologia em defesa da biodiversidade e da vida. Em um primeiro momento, discutiu-se que a biodiversidade presta diversos serviços ecossistêmicos fundamentais para a manutenção da vida na Terra, e que as ações antrópicas impactam os seus indicadores. Em sequência, discutiu-se que a defesa da conservação da biodiversidade encontra-se nas ações e nos princípiosdefendidos pelo movimento estudantil nacional da biologia. Conclui-se que as ações em defesa da biodiversidade constituem-se em iniciativas populares de caráter emancipatório