Niveles de bienestar y tipo de familia: comparación de familias monoparentales y biparentales y sus efectos psicoemocionales en estudiantes de dos establecimientos de la Región Metropolitana

Tesis (Profesor de Educación General Básica, Licenciado en Educación)A lo largo de los años, la institución de la familia ha sufrido importantes cambios en su estructura y funcionamiento, lo que la ha impactado tanto de manera positiva como negativa. Es por esto, que la siguiente investigación responde a la consulta relativa a si el tipo de familia influye o no en el bienestar de un niño. Para alcanzar este objeto se utilizaron estrategias orientadas a medir los diferentes parámetros del bienestar, tales como la autoestima, felicidad y emociones. Dentro de los distintos tipos de familia que existen en nuestra sociedad, esta tesis centra su análisis en dos de ellos, la biparental y monoparental, indagando los efectos que cada una de estas familias provoca en el bienestar y la felicidad de sus hijos. Particularmente, y a través de distintos instrumentos, se mide cómo impacta el tipo de familia de la que proviene el niño en las distintas áreas de su bienestar, permitiendo tener una visión amplia y completa de la importancia del rol de la familia en el desarrollo de sus hijos. Los resultados nos entregan información relevante sobre cómo afecta el tipo de familia en el desarrollo emocional del niño, siendo en la mayoría de los casos, la familia monoparental la que presenta puntajes más altos en situaciones negativas tanto sociales como emocionales.Over the years, the institution of the family has undergone important changes in itsstructure and functioning, which has impacted both positively and negatively. Thefollowing investigation responds to the query regarding whether or not a child well-beinginfluences the type of family from which it comes. To achieve this objective, differentinstruments were used to measure the different parameters of well-being, such as self-esteem, happiness and emotions. Within the different types of family that exist in oursociety, this thesis focuses itsanalysis on two of them, the traditional and single-parentfamilies, researching the effects that each of these families causes on the welfare andhappiness of their children. Particularly, and through different instruments, we measure how the type of family fromwhich the child originates in the different areas of their well-being impacts, allowing us tohave a broad and complete vision of the importance of the role of the family in thedevelopment of their children. The results provide us with relevant information on how thetype of family affects the emotional development of the child, being in most cases, thesingle parent family which has higher scores in negative social and emotional situations

Robotic versus Laparoscopic Partial Nephrectomy in the New Era: Systematic Review

(1) Background: In recent years there have been advances in imaging techniques, in addition to progress in the surgery of renal tumors directed towards minimally invasive techniques. Thus, nephron-sparing surgery has become the gold standard for the treatment of T1 renal masses. The aim of this study is to investigate the benefits of robotic partial nephrectomy in comparison with laparoscopic nephrectomy. (2) Methods: We performed a systematic review according to the PRISMA criteria during September 2022. We included clinical trials, and cohort and case-control studies published between 2000 and 2022. This comprised studies performed in adult patients with T1 renal cancer and studies comparing robotic with open and laparoscopic partial nephrectomy. A risk of bias assessment was performed according to the Newcastle—Ottawa scale. (3) Results: We observed lower hot ischemia times in the robotic surgery groups, although at the cost of an increase in total operative time, without appreciating the differences in terms of serious surgical complications (Clavien III–V). (4) Conclusions: Robotic partial nephrectomy is a safe procedure, with a shorter learning curve than laparoscopic surgery and with all the benefits of minimally invasive surgery.11 página

Asimetrías de Gobernanza y Desarrollo en Valle Bajo, EE. UU y Valle de Juárez, México

El objetivo de la presente investigación es analizar comparativamente la gobernanza y el desarrollo entre las zonas fronterizas del Valle Bajo en EE.UU. y Valle de Juárez en México, entre 2000 y 2020. Se realiza un análisis descriptivo con información y datos estadísticos del INEGI y Census Bureau con las dimensiones del desarrollo, es decir, economía y sociocultural. Utilizando información de actores gubernamentales en los tres niveles de Gobierno, se encontró que las asimetrías de gobernanza y desarrollo entre el Valle de Juárez y Valle Bajo se deben a la actuación distintiva de los actores políticos, intervención de las instituciones en las dimensiones sociales y económicas, donde la visión económica que se tiene sobre la zona es mayormente agrícola, aunque las políticas no son las mismas en ambos lados de la frontera. Se concluye que, el gobierno mexicano ha dejado de incentivar la agricultura del Valle por visiones económicas industriales, añadiendo la corrupción de líderes políticos y la violencia relacionada con el narco, contribuye a un bajo desarrollo. Por otra parte, el Valle Bajo en EE.UU. muestra mejores niveles donde hay instituciones más interventoras, y existe un incentivo por parte del gobierno tanto federal como estatal para apoyar la agricultura

Reading and Writing Practices with a Potential for Transformation: Collaborative Research in School, Hospital, Community and Working-Class Neighborhood Environments

En este escrito desarrollamos el marco conceptual de un proyecto de investigación colaborativa denominado Prácticas de Lectura y Escritura con Potencial (Trans)Formativo, para lo cual explicamos primero la perspectiva que se asumió al inicio del proyecto y sus transformaciones a lo largo de tres años de trabajo exploratorio. A continuación, analizamos cuatro prácticas (trans)formativas, ubicadas en ámbitos diversos de la Ciudad de Buenos Aires. Hemos identificado estas prácticas porque, tomadas en su conjunto, nos permiten: a) mostrar la noción de potencial transformativo cuando se lo piensa ligado a prácticas de lectura y escritura; b) describir y analizar la centralidad que ocupan el leer y el escribir en espacios, organizaciones e institucionalidades muy diferentes entre sí, pero que tienen en común un potencial para interpelar el orden dado y transformarlo, y c) hacer visible cómo estas prácticas fueron apelando a diversos formatos, soportes, disciplinas y lenguajes, y al hacerlo, reconfiguraron el mismo sentido de leer y escribir. En la sección final subrayamos los alcances de nuestro estudio en tanto los análisis de experiencias singulares nos permiten arribar a conclusiones en relación con el potencial transformativo de la lectura y la escritura. Asimismo, dejamos planteadas algunas limitaciones del estudio realizado e interrogantes para desarrollo futuro.In this paper we develop a conceptual framework for a collaborative research project called Literacy Practices and their Potential for Transformation. We first explain our theoretical and methodological approach, describing how we constructed a relevant framework over three years of exploratory work. We then analyze four different experiences currently being conducted in the City of Buenos Aires, Argentina. We have identified this set of practices because, taken together, they allow us to a) show the notion of a potential for transformation when linked to reading and writing practices, b) to describe and analyze the central role of reading and writing in very different spaces, organizations and institutions with a common potential to question the established order and transform it, and c) to make visible how these practices appealed to different formats, supports, disciplines, and languages, and in doing so reshaped the very meaning of reading and writing. We conclude by underscoring the scope of our study insofar as the analysis of specific experiences leads us to insights on the transformational potential of reading and writing practices, and point out some of the limitations of our study and possible lines of further research.Fil: Heras Monner Sans, Ana Ines. Universidad Nacional de San Martin. Escuela de Humanidades. Laboratorio de Investigacion En Ciencias Humanas. - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas. Oficina de Coordinacion Administrativa Pque. Centenario. Laboratorio de Investigacion En Ciencias Humanas.; ArgentinaFil: Miano, María Amalia. Universidad Nacional de San Martin. Escuela de Humanidades. Laboratorio de Investigacion En Ciencias Humanas. - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas. Oficina de Coordinacion Administrativa Pque. Centenario. Laboratorio de Investigacion En Ciencias Humanas.; ArgentinaFil: Moyano, Ana Rosa. Universidad Nacional de San Martín; ArgentinaFil: Ferreira, Mariel Lucía. Universidad Nacional de San Martín. Escuela de Humanidades. Centro de Estudios Desigualdades, Sujetos e Instituciones; ArgentinaFil: Soto, Eliana Verónica. Universidad Nacional de San Martín. Escuela de Humanidades. Centro de Estudios Desigualdades, Sujetos e Instituciones; ArgentinaFil: Cárdenas, Horacio. Universidad Nacional de San Martín; ArgentinaFil: Esposito, Silvina Adriana. Universidad Nacional de San Martín; ArgentinaFil: Del Valle Martínez, Judith. Universidad Nacional de San Martín; ArgentinaFil: Mori, María Inés. Universidad Nacional de San Martín; ArgentinaFil: Galli, María Laura. Universidad Nacional de San Martín; ArgentinaFil: Morana, María Victoria. Universidad Nacional de San Martín; ArgentinaFil: Schneider, Ana Patricia. Universidad Nacional de San Martín; Argentin

Usual Dietary Intake, Nutritional Adequacy and Food Sources of Calcium, Phosphorus, Magnesium and Vitamin D of Spanish Children Aged One to <10 Years. Findings from the EsNuPI Study

Bone problems in the population begin to be establish in childhood. The present study aims to assess the usual calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, and vitamin D intakes, along with the food sources of these nutrients, in Spanish children participating in the EsNuPI (Estudio Nutricional en Población Infantil Española) study. Two 24 h dietary recalls were applied to 1448 children (1 to <10 years) divided into two sub-samples: one reference sample (RS) of the general population [n = 707] and another sample which exclusively included children consuming enriched or fortified milks, here called “adapted milks” (AMS) [n = 741]. Estimation of the usual intake shows that nutrient intake increased with age for all nutrients except vitamin D. Using as reference the Dietary Reference Values from the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA), calcium and magnesium intakes were found to be below the average requirement (AR) and adequate intake (AI), respectively, in a considerable percentage of children. Furthermore, phosphorus exceeded the AI in 100% of individuals and vitamin D was lower than the AI in almost all children studied. The results were very similar when considering only plausible reporters. When analyzing the food sources of the nutrients studied, milk and dairy products contributed the most to calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, and vitamin D. Other sources of calcium were cereals and vegetables; for phosphorus: meat, meat products, and cereals; for magnesium: cereals and fruits; and, for vitamin D: fish and eggs. These results highlight the desirability of improving the intake concerning these nutrients, which are involved in bone and metabolic health in children. The AMS group appeared to contribute better to the adequacy of those nutrients than the RS group, but both still need further improvement. Of special interest are the results of vitamin D intakes, which were significantly higher in the AMS group (although still below the AI), independent of ageThis research was funded by Instituto Puleva de Nutrición (IPN)S

Ghrelin Gene Variants Influence on Metabolic Syndrome Components in Aged Spanish Population

BACKGROUND: The role of genetic variations within the ghrelin gene on cardiometabolic profile and nutritional status is still not clear in humans, particularly in elderly people. OBJECTIVES: We investigated six SNPs of the ghrelin gene and their relationship with metabolic syndrome (MS) components. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: 824 subjects (413 men/411 women, age 77.31±5.04) participating in the Mataró aging study (n = 310) and the Hortega study (n = 514) were analyzed. Anthropometric variables, ghrelin, lipids, glucose and blood pressure levels were measured, and distribution of SNPs -994CT (rs26312), -604GA (rs27647), -501AC (rs26802), R51Q (rs34911341), M72L (rs696217) and L90G (rs4684677) of the ghrelin gene evaluated. Genotypes were determined by multiplex PCR and SNaPshot minisequencing. MS (IDF criteria) was found in 54.9%.RESULTS:No association between any of the SNPs and levels of total fasting circulating ghrelin levels was found. C/A-A/A genotype of M72L was associated with increased risk of central obesity according to IDF criteria, while G/A-G/G genotypes of -604GA with reduced risk. A/A genotype of -501AC polymorphism was associated to decreased BMI. In relation to lipid profile, the same genotypes of -604GA were associated with increased total cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol and -501AC with reduced triglycerides. There were no associations with systolic or diastolic blood pressure levels or with hypertension, glucose levels or diabetes and ghrelin polymorphisms. However, G/G genotype of -604GA was associated with glucose >100 mg/dL. Haplotype analysis showed that only one haplotype is associated with increased risk of waist circumference and central obesity. The analysis of subjects by gender showed an important and different association of these polymorphisms regarding MS parameters. CONCLUSION: Ghrelin gene variants -604GA, -501AC and M72L are associated with certain components of MS, in particular to BMI and lipid profile in elderly Spanish subject

Gardens and Tourism for and beyond economic profit

Gardens and Tourism for and beyond economic profit é o segundo volume da Collection of Gardens and Landscape Studies, coordenada por Ana Duarte Rodrigues. Conta com textos de Alexandra Gago da Câmara, Ana Duarte Rodrigues, António Lamas, Antonio Perla de las Parras, Celso Mangucci, Desidério Batista, Filipe Benjamim, Ignacio Rodriguez Somovilla, Jean-Paul Brigand, Maria Isabel Donas Botto, Nuno Oliveira, Paulo Carvalho, Susana Silva e Victoria Soto Caba. Assumindo uma perspectiva multidisciplinar das áreas da história da arte, arquitectura paisagista, literatura e geografia, e reunindo académicos e profissionais que operam na área do Garden Tourism, este livro constitui um trabalho inaugural nos estudos de jardins e paisagem. Certamente que constitui um balanço baseado em casos de estudo das potencialidades do turismo de jardins em Portugal, mas também aponta caminhos e hipóteses de trabalho num futuro próximo. Constitui um convite a que todos os interessados na preservação e promoção deste património se unam para criar as ferramentas necessárias à sua dinamização e salvaguarda para o futuro

Usual dietary intake, nutritional adequacy and food sources of calcium, phosphorus, magnesium and vitamin D of spanish children aged one to dagger

Bone problems in the population begin to be establish in childhood. The present study aims to assess the usual calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, and vitamin D intakes, along with the food sources of these nutrients, in Spanish children participating in the EsNuPI (Estudio Nutricional en Población Infantil Española) study. Two 24 h dietary recalls were applied to 1448 children (1 to <10 years) divided into two sub-samples: one reference sample (RS) of the general population [n = 707] and another sample which exclusively included children consuming enriched or fortified milks, here called “adapted milks” (AMS) [n = 741]. Estimation of the usual intake shows that nutrient intake increased with age for all nutrients except vitamin D. Using as reference the Dietary Reference Values from the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA), calcium and magnesium intakes were found to be below the average requirement (AR) and adequate intake (AI), respectively, in a considerable percentage of children. Furthermore, phosphorus exceeded the AI in 100% of individuals and vitamin D was lower than the AI in almost all children studied. The results were very similar when considering only plausible reporters. When analyzing the food sources of the nutrients studied, milk and dairy products contributed the most to calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, and vitamin D. Other sources of calcium were cereals and vegetables; for phosphorus: meat, meat products, and cereals; for magnesium: cereals and fruits; and, for vitamin D: fish and eggs. These results highlight the desirability of improving the intake concerning these nutrients, which are involved in bone and metabolic health in children. The AMS group appeared to contribute better to the adequacy of those nutrients than the RS group, but both still need further improvement. Of special interest are the results of vitamin D intakes, which were significantly higher in the AMS group (although still below the AI), independent of age

Validation of an Online Version of the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT) for Alcohol Screening in Spanish University Students

Online alcohol screening may be helpful in preventing alcohol use disorders. We assessed psychometric properties of an online version of the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT) among Spanish university students. We used a longitudinal online survey (the UNIVERSAL project) of first-year students (18-24 years old) in five universities, including the AUDIT, as part of the WHO World Mental Health International College Student (WMH-ICS) initiative. A reappraisal interview was carried out with the Timeline Followback (TLFB) for alcohol consumption categories and the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI) for alcohol use disorder. Reliability, construct validity and diagnostic accuracy were assessed. Results: 287 students (75% women) completed the MINI, of whom 242 also completed the TLFB. AUDIT's Cronbach's alpha was 0.82. The confirmatory factor analysis for the one-factor solution of the AUDIT showed a good fit to the data. Significant AUDIT score differences were observed by TLFB categories and by MINI disorders. Areas under the curve (AUC) were very large for dependence (AUC = 0.96) and adequate for consumption categories (AUC > 0.7). AUDIT cut-off points of 6/8 (women/men) for moderate-risk drinking and 13 for alcohol dependence showed sensitivity/specificity of 76.2%/78.9% and 56%/97.5%, respectively. The online version of the AUDIT is useful for detecting alcohol consumption categories and alcohol dependence in Spanish university students.This research was funded by Fondo de Investigacion Sanitaria, Instituto de Salud Carlos III FEDER (PI13/00343); Ministerio de Sanidad, Consumo y Bienestar Social, Plan Nacional Sobre Drogas PNSD (exp.2015I015); and from the DIUE of the Generalitat de Catalunya (2017SGR452). L. Ballester was supported by an FPU grant (FPU15/05728); M. J. Blasco was supported by a Rio Hortega grant (ISCIII, CM14/00125); P. Castellvi was supported by a Sara Borrell grant (ISCIII, CD12/00440), the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF), the European Commission, the University of Jaen, Spain (R08/06/2018) and the Instituto de Estudios Giennenses; and P. Mortier was supported by a Sara Borrell grant (ISCIII, CD18/00049)

Self-esteem and suicidal behaviour in youth: A meta-analysis of longitudinal studies

Background: Previous literature suggests that low self-esteem is a risk factor for suicide attempts, but no meta-analyses have been conducted to assess this association in adolescents/young adults. The present study examined the relationship between low self-esteem and suicide attempts in young people (12-26 years old). Method: Meta-analyses were performed using random-effects models (ES) and odds ratio (OR). Heterogeneity and sensitivity analyses were performed. Results: From 26,883 initial titles, 22 studies met the inclusion criteria, of which 9 studies had data that could be included in the meta-analysis. The meta-analysis showed that youths with lower self-esteem were more likely to have future suicide attempts, with an effect size (self-esteem as continuous variable) of d = .58 (95% CI = .44 - .73) and, for low self-esteem (categorical variable) an OR = 1.99 (95% CI = 1.39-2.86; p < .001). Conclusion: A low level of self-esteem is a risk factor for suicide attempts in adolescents/young adults