Age-standardized incidence and mortality rates of oral and pharyngeal cancer in Puerto Rico and among Non-Hispanics Whites, Non-Hispanic Blacks, and Hispanics in the USA

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>In the American region, Puerto Rico (PR) has the highest incidence of oral and pharyngeal cancer (OPC), but racial/ethnic differences have never been assessed and compared with other groups in the United States of America (USA). We compared the age-adjusted incidence and mortality rates of OPC between PR and among USA Hispanics (USH), Non-Hispanic Whites (NHW), and Non-Hispanic Blacks (NHB) to assess the burden of this cancer in PR.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>Analysis of the age-standardized rates (per 100,000) was performed using the direct method with the world standard population (ASR(World)) from 1998–2002. Annual percent change (APC) and Relative Risks (RR) were calculated using the Poisson regression model.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>The incidence ASR(World) for men in PR was constant (APC ≈ 0.0%), in contrast, a decrease was observed among NHW, NHB, and USH men, although only USH showed statistical significance (APC = -4.9%, p < 0.05). In women, the highest increase in incidence (APC = 5.3%) and the lowest decrease in mortality (APC = -1.4%) was observed in PR. The ratio of the ASR(World) showed that in all racial/ethnic groups, men had approximately 2–4 fold increased incidence and mortality risk of OPC than women (p < 0.05). Men in PR had a higher mortality risk (p < 0.05) of OPC as compared to USH, NHW, and NHB; but among women, PR showed a significant excess of mortality only as compared to USH (est. SRR = 1.82, 95% CI = 1.41, 2.33).</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>The overall higher incidence of OPC in men in PR as compared to USH, NHB, and NHW could be explained by the effect of gene-environment interactions. Meanwhile, the higher mortality from OPC in PR suggests limitations in the health-care access within this population. Further research is warranted to elucidate these findings.</p

Nurses' perceptions of aids and obstacles to the provision of optimal end of life care in ICU

Contains fulltext : 172380.pdf (publisher's version ) (Open Access

Efectos sobre la subjetividad en niños y niñas de 6 a 10 años que sufren violencia intrafamiliar que asisten a la Asociación Nacional contra el Maltrato Infantil -CONACM-.

Verificar los efectos sobre la subjetividad en niños y niñas de 6 a 10 años que sufren violencia intrafamiliar que asisten a la Asociación Nacional contra el Maltrato Infantil -CONACMI. La población investigada estuvo formada por 25 niños y niñas comprendidos entre los seis a diez años de edad, ladinos de medio y bajos recursos económicos hasta extrema pobreza, provenientes de las diferentes zonas de la capital, de los municipios como: Mixco, Villa Nueva, San Miguel Petapa, Santa Catalina Pinula, Amatitlán, Fraijanes, San Pedro Ayampuc y Villa Canales, así también de San Lucas Sacatepéquez, Zacapa y Morales Izabal. La investigación se realizó de septiembre de 2006 a julio de 2007. Para seleccionar la muestra se utilizó la técnica de muestreo no aleatoria. Las técnicas para la recopilar datos que se utilizaron fueron: observación individual, entrevista dirigida a padres, y aplicación de pruebas proyectivas menores. Analiza los resultados y concluye que, la familia forma parte fundamental de la sociedad y al mismo tiempo de cada uno de los individuos que la conforman, por lo que resulta de vital importancia la dinámica armoniosa para un buen desenvolvimiento de cada miembro de la sociedad. Los daños que la violencia y el maltrato pueden causar en las niñas y niños suelen ser intensos y llegan a marcar toda la vida. La mayoría de padres poseían educación primaria y una minoría educación básica, además el tipo de violencia que más presentó la población fue la violencia sexual incestuosa. Este estudio expone las dos consecuencias en la subjetividad de la población descrita, identificada a través de la aplicación de dos test proyectivos menores, como el test “De la Casa” y el test de “La Familia”, complementada con la entrevista a padres o encargados y la observación. Mediante todo el proceso de análisis de información se puede afirmar que la violencia intrafamiliar tiene como consecuencia en la subjetividad de niñas y niños entre las edades de 6 a 10 años, una distorsión en las percepciones de su medio y de las personas que los rodean lo que tiene como consecuencia la depresión y el trastorno negativista desafiant

Freqüência, tipo e localização das lesões graves em atletas de judô de nível internacional

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Freqüência, tipo e localização das lesões graves em atletas de judô de nível internacional

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Preformed pediatric zirconia crown versus preformed pediatric metal crown: study protocol for a randomized clinical trial

International audienc

Comorbid Conditions in Temporomandibular Disorders Myalgia and Myofascial Pain Compared to Fibromyalgia

The impact of comorbidities in fibromyalgia (FM) and temporomandibular disorders (TMD) have been well documented, but whether TMD sub-diagnoses myalgia (MYA) and myofascial pain with referral (MFP) differ regarding comorbidity is unclear. We aimed to elucidate this by studying the presence and associations of comorbidities in FM, MFP and MYA. An extended version of the Diagnostic Criteria for TMD axis II questionnaire was used to examine demographics, pain and comorbidities in 81 patients with FM, 80 with MYA, and 81 with MFP. Patients with MFP and FM reported a higher percentage of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), depression, anxiety, somatic symptoms, perceived stress, and insomnia compared to MYA. Patients with FM had more IBS, depression, and somatic symptom disorder versus MFP. After adjusting for confounding variables, participants with anxiety, somatic symptoms disorder, pain catastrophizing, and perceived stress, as well as a greater number of comorbidities, were more likely to have MFP than MYA, whereas FM participants were more associated with IBS, somatic symptoms and insomnia compared to MFP. The number of comorbidities was significantly associated with widespread pain but not pain duration, body mass index or being on sick leave. In conclusion, patients with MFP were more similar to those with FM regarding comorbidity and should be differentiated from MYA in clinical settings and pain management

Depression augments activity-related pain in women but not in men with chronic musculoskeletal conditions

OBJECTIVES: The primary objective of the present study was to examine the role of sex as a moderator of the relation between depression and activity-related pain

Age estimation from teeth in children and adolescents.

International audienceThe aim of this cross-sectional study was to evaluate the dental formulas according to age because of possible changes during the last decades. From these dental formulas, the median age of emergence for the permanent teeth was deduced. The study population corresponded to the 1 to 15 year-old children who had consulted either a pediatric dentist or orthodontist in the city of Nice (France). Data were collected from the 5,848 patients' charts that included an orthopantomography. This permitted the observation of emerged teeth and agenesis. Bar charts were used to indicate the dental formula according to age. There was no significant difference in the emergence pattern of both controlateral maxillary and mandibular teeth. Only the anterior tooth emergence significantly differed according to the maxillary. The lower central incisor was the lone tooth with a median age earlier than others; the remaining teeth had an age equivalent to those of previously estimates

The Contribution of Insomnia and Obstructive Sleep Apnea on the Transition from Acute to Chronic Painful Temporomandibular Disorders and their Persistence: A Prospective 3-Month Cohort Study

ABSTRACTBackground Insomnia, and Excessive Daytime Sleepiness (EDS), a surrogate marker of Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA), are common sleep-related conditions among painful temporomandibular disorders (TMD) patients. OSA was found to increase the risk of chronic painful TMD.Aims This prospective cohort study aims to determine the contribution of insomnia and EDS on acute to chronic painful TMD transition as well as its persistence when chronic pain is defined by: (i) duration (> 3 months), and (ii) dysfunction (Graded Chronic Pain Scale [GCPS II-IV]).Methods From 456 patients recruited between 2015 to 2021, through four locations in Canada, 378 completed the follow-up. A diagnosis was obtained using the Research Diagnostic Criteria or the Diagnostic Criteria for TMD. Insomnia was assessed with the Insomnia Severity Scale (ISS), and OSA was assessed using the Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS) which measures EDS, both at baseline. Patients completed the GCPS form at baseline and 3-month follow-up.Results Borderline associations were found between EDS and the transition or persistence of chronic painful TMD when chronic pain was defined by pain duration (RR adjusted_duration = 1.11, P = 0.07) and dysfunction (RRadjusted_dysfunction =1.40, P = 0.051). Furthermore, EDS was specifically associated with persistent painful TMD when chronic pain was defined by pain duration (RR = 1.13, 95%CI: 1.00-1.26, P = 0.04). Insomnia was not related to the study outcomes (RRadjusted_duration = 0.94, P = 0.27, RRadjusted_dysfunction =1.00, P = 0.99). Conclusion Results indicate that EDS contrary to insomnia predicted the persistence of chronic painful TMD at a 3-month follow-up