A EDUCAÇÃO AMBIENTAL (EA) ENQUANTO DIREITO CONSTITUCIONAL BRASILEIRO: UMA ANÁLISE DA EVOLUÇÃO NORMATIVA DA EA ENTRE OS SÉCULOS XX E XXI

Objetivo: Este ensaio tem como principal objetivo apresentar a evolução normativa da EA, de maneira a entender se tal panorama significa, também, uma evolução na forma como as pessoas interagem com o meio ambiente.   Referencial Teórico: A EA é regulamentada  por normas legislativas (Leis) e por Provimentos Administrativos (regulamentos) advindos de Órgãos da administração pública. As Leis relacionadas à EA são de dois grupos específicos. O 1º grupo é formado por Leis que tratam da EA em sua essência e o 2º Grupo é formado por leis que tratam do tema “educação” e pontualmente retratam a EA.   Método: A metodologia adotada para esta pesquisa compreende a pesquisa Bibliográfia, em especial a análise da evolução legistlativa sobre a educação ambiental.   Resultados e Discussão: Após apresentar o panorama normativos da EA entre os séculos XX e XXI, é possível chegar a alguns entendimentos, posto que, se de um lato temos uma grande quantidade de normas que tutelam a EA desde a CF/88 até tratados internacionais, temos, também, pouca ou nenhuma aplicabilidade de tal normas. . Implicações da Pesquisa: As implicações práticas e teóricas desta pesquisa são visíveis dada a demonstração de uma realidade extremamente preocupante. Pois se de um lado temos um conjunto normativo de qualidade inquestionável, de outro lado, temos uma transparente inaplicabilidade dessas normas.   Originalidade/Valor: Este estudo contribui significativamente para enriquecer a teoria e a prátia da EAF, uma vez que retrata com atualidade e verdade o senário atual da Legislação de impõe a existência da EA em Cenários Escolares

25 YEARS OF THE NATIONAL ENVIRONMENTAL EDUCATION POLICY (PNEA): A CASE STUDY ON THE IMPLEMENTATION OF FORMAL ENVIRONMENTAL EDUCATION IN THE DAILY SCHOOL LIFE OF 120 PUBLIC SCHOOL TEACHERS IN THE MUNICIPALITY OF CABO FRIO, RJ

Objective: The objective of this study is to carry out a critical analysis of the National Environmental Education Policy based on a Case Study with 120 Teachers who are in the classroom, in Public Schools of the Education Network in the Municipality of Cabo Frio, RJ, Brazil. Theoretical Reference: There are several theories and authors who research and write about EA. Historically, it can be said that the first person studied to describe and teach about AE was Raquel Carson, in her book “Silecious Spring” where she described the problems caused by pesticides. Subsequently, there were several international meetings that gave rise to treaties and guidelines on the predatory way in which man deals with the environment in his capitalist model of production. Among the multilateral documents signed by Brazil is the EA Treaty. Currently, we have in practice the EAF resulting from philosophical understandings arising from Federal Law No. 9,795/99 “the EA law”. In contrast to the traditional EA model, our main source of analysis is the theories of “Critical EA”, aimed at building knowledge, awareness, critical cognitions and autonomy of people in relation to their interaction with environmental goods in a sustainable and sustainable way. perennial. Method: The methodology adopted for this research comprises exploratory field research. The technique used in the research was the “Case Study”. The quantitative method was used in the analysis of data obtained from the application of the field research instrument, namely: the questionnaire. Being applied to this statistical analysis. Each proposed question generated a table and a graph where the statistical percentages of the responses of the Teachers who answered the questionnaire are presented. A quantitative and qualitative analysis of the results was then carried out. Results and Discussion: The results obtained confirm the hypotheses raised, as they demonstrate a lack in the training of undergraduates in undergraduate courses in relation to the EA theme, as well as an incipient and ineffective practice of formal EA in the daily lives of the Teachers surveyed. Implications of the Research: The practical and theoretical implications of this research are visible given the demonstration of a reality of the researched that is replicated throughout the education network of the researched municipality and possibly of Public School Teachers throughout the State of RJ. Originality/Value: This study significantly contributes to enriching the theory and practice of EAF, as it portrays the current scenario of teaching practice in relation to EAF in municipal schools with actuality and truth, demonstrating the obstacles, flaws and ways to be taken to make a constitutional right effective, namely the right to EA

Importância relativa dos caracteres para diversidade da cultura do tomateiro

Seed collections are an alternative for conserving plant genetic resources. The characterization of plant species contained in the collections has been carried out with the help of tables of botanical, morphological, and agronomic descriptors, which are mainly used without parameters referring to their effective contribution to variability, causing an increase in time and labor in the characterization of plants. This study aimed to evaluate the relative importance of the morphoagronomic traits in 85 low-growing tomato accessions from the collection of the Federal University of Goiás and estimate the descriptors that most help in the dissimilarity of the accessions and thus remove the redundant descriptors. The experimental design consisted of three complete randomized blocks, 85 plots (each plot corresponding to a different accession), and 12 plants per plot. The evaluations used adapted morphological descriptors described in the MAPA guidelines for distinguishability, homogeneity, and stability trials. 56.4% of the selected morphoagronomic descriptors are essential in the characterization study since they significantly contribute to the discrimination of genetic divergence between low-growing tomato accessions. Discarding 43.6% of the descriptors does not cause loss of information, reduces costs, and streamlines the management of the classification of the collection.As coleções de sementes são uma alternativa para a conservação dos recursos genéticos vegetais. A caracterização das espécies vegetais contidas nas coleções vem sendo executada com ajuda de tabelas de descritores botânicos, morfológicos e agronômicos, que em sua maioria são utilizados sem parâmetros referentes a sua contribuição efetiva para a variabilidade, ocasionando aumento de tempo e mão-de-obra no momento da caracterização das plantas. O objetivo deste trabalho foi de avaliar a importância relativa dos caracteres morfoagronômicos em 85 acessos de tomate rasteiro da coleção da Universidade Federal de Goiás-UFG, bem como, estimar os descritores que mais auxiliam na dissimilaridade dos acessos e desta maneira retirar os descritores redundantes. O delineamento experimental foi constituído por 3 blocos completos casualizados, 85 parcelas (sendo cada parcela correspondendo a um acesso diferente) e 12 plantas por parcela. As avaliações utilizaram descritores morfológicos adaptados descritos nas orientações para execução dos ensaios de distinguibilidade, homogeneidade e estabilidade do MAPA. Dos descritores morfoagronômicos selecionados, 56,4% são essenciais no estudo de caracterização por apresentarem contribuições importantes na discriminação da divergência genética entre acessos do tomateiro rasteiro. O descarte de 43,6% dos descritores não ocasiona perda de informação, diminui os custos e dinamiza o manejo da classificação da coleção

Genetic diversity in soybean genotypes with resistance to Heterodera glycines

The purpose of this study was to analyze the genetic diversity among soybean genotypes inoculated with Heteroderaglycines race 3. The experiments were conducted in a greenhouse. In two performance tests of morphological characteristics andresistance to the pathogen, 27 soybean genotypes were assessed. The coefficient of genotypic determination was estimated by themethod of analysis of variance and the genetic diversity analyzed based on dendrograms and optimization method. The estimatedcoefficients of determination indicated a predominantly genetic origin of the genotypic differences in the traits. The genetic variabilitywas maintained in the superior genotypes, which can be used in breeding programs for resistance to soybean cyst nematod

Ultrasonographic evaluation of the kidney in 5/6 nephrectomized rats: Correlation with biochemical and histopathological findings

To characterize the kidney alterations associated with renal mass reduction by two-dimensional ultrasound and assess the correlation of the ultrasonographic parameters with the histological and biochemical findings. Materials and Methods: Rats were divided into two groups: sham-operated animals (n=13), and animals which underwent renal mass reduction (RMR) through 5/6 nephrectomy (n=14). Renal length, renal thickness, cortical thickness, medullary length and echogenicity of the kidneys were evaluated by ultrasonography at 3 and 6 months after the RMR. Results: Except for the renal length, the renal dimensions at 3 and 6 months were significantly higher in the RMR group when compared to the sham-operated group (p < 0.05). Furthermore, the cortical and medullary echogenicity was significantly higher in the RMR group when compared to the sham-operated group (p < 0.05). A significant correlation was observed between the plasma creatinine level and the renal length 3 months after RMR (r=-0.612, p=0.045). Conclusion: These data support future application of ultrasonography for monitoring the progression of renal damage in chronic studies with the 5/6 nephrectomy model.This work was supported by : European Investment Funds by FEDER/COMPETE/POCI Operational Competitiveness and Internationalization Programme, under Project POCI-01-0145-FEDER-006958 and National Funds by FCT – the Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology, under project UID/AGR/04033/2013; and by European Investment Funds by FEDER/COMPETE/POCI Operational Competitiveness and Internationalization Programme, under Project POCI-01-0145-FEDER-016728 and National Funds by FCT – the Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology, under the project PTDC/DTP-DES/6077/2014.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

USO DE SIMULAÇÃO DE EVENTOS DISCRETOS PARA ANÁLISE DA IMPLEMENTAÇÃO DE CONCEITOS DE PRODUÇÃO ENXUTA

A implementação de conceitos de produção enxuta em indústrias de manufatura é uma tarefa complexa e que demanda muita cautela nos momentos de tomada de decisão, a fim de que a organização não perca seu foco estratégico. Assim, o objetivo geral deste trabalho é avaliar os impactos da implementação de conceitos de produção enxuta em um sistema de produção real através do uso de simulação de eventos discretos. Este estudo tem caráter exploratório, uma vez que se optou pela estratégia de estudo de caso, realizado em uma empresa industrial na área de equipamentos e insumos destinados ao setor médico-hospitalar. A coleta de informações e a análise dos dados foram desenvolvidas com base em técnicas quantitativas e de pesquisa documental. Não obstante, este trabalho também tem como objetivos específicos propor o uso de conceitos de produção enxuta no sistema real de produção, simular o sistema real implementando estes conceitos, avaliar os impactos desta implementação e avaliar o uso da simulação como ferramenta de apoio à tomada de decisão

Separation of non-ferrous frations of shredded end-of-life vehicles for valorising its alloys

Worldwide the end-of-life vehicles (ELV) generate millions of tons of waste, requiring an adequate and efficient management. The non-ferrous fraction contains essentially aluminium, magnesium and copper alloys, being valorised by metallurgical processors to obtain new metals and alloys. However most of the recovered metals are downcycled, as is the case of aluminium where the recycled products are essentially used to produce less purity casting alloys. New or improved separation technologies are therefore necessary in order to allow an accurate separation of alloys or alloy groups, increasing the value of the non-ferrous streams. In this paper, the composition of the non-ferrous fractions of ELV shredders are assessed with particular relevance for the aluminium and magnesium alloys. Essentially, the main cast and wrought alloys are characterized and their markets and applications are discussed. Based on waste composition, several physical separation and sorting technologies can be applied to improve the products quality, which are here depicted and discussed. Physical processing includes operations such as eddy current and heavy media separations. For sorting alloys contained in the non-ferrous stream, other sensor-based technologies are being developed, such as electromagnetic sensing and novel laser induced breakdown spectroscopy systems, constituting an important contribution for boosting the non-ferrous metals recycling rates

VISÃO DA PESSOA IDOSA SOBRE O ATENDIMENTO DO ENFERMEIRO DA ATENÇÃO BÁSICA

Objetivo: descrever a visão da pessoa idosa a respeito do atendimento do enfermeiro na atenção básica de saúde. Método: estudo descritivo com abordagem qualitativa realizado com 17 idosos cadastrados nas Estratégias de Saúde da Família de Manacapuru, Amazonas, Brasil, no período de janeiro e fevereiro de 2016. Para a coleta de dados, aplicou-se a entrevista semiestruturada. Foi utilizada a análise temática para trabalhar os dados levantados. Resultados: a maioria dos idosos estava satisfeita com o atendimento do enfermeiro; os demais referiram dificuldade de acesso ao profissional; a assistência não era sistematizada e limitava-se ao atendimento no Programa de Hipertensão e Diabetes. Conclusão: o atendimento do enfermeiro na atenção básica de saúde, na visão da pessoa idosa, era satisfatório, mas se relacionava à abordagem pessoal de gentileza e atenção e não a uma assistência sistematizada de cuidado. Descritores: Enfermagem. Idoso. Atenção Primária à Saúde

Effect of chaetomellic acid on hematocrit, urine specific gravity and urinary volume values in a rat model of renal mass reduction

Chaetomellic acid (CA) is a potent and highly specific inhibitor of ras farnesyl-protein transferase that seems to reduce both functional and histological damage in uninephrectomized rats subjected to renal ischaemia-reperfusion injury. The aim of this work was to evaluate the effect of chronic treatment with CA on hematocrit, urine specific gravity and urinary volume in a model of renal mass reduction. Male Wistar rats were subjected to 5/6 nephrectomy (RMR) or sham-operated (SO). One week after surgery, rats have been placed in four experimental groups: RMR rats without treatment (n=13); RMR rats treated with CA (n=13); SO rats without treatment (n=13); SO rats treated with CA (n=13). CA was intraperitoneally administered in a dose of 0.23 μg/kg three times a week for three months. We observed that animals from SO groups showed a higher hematocrit and urine specific gravity, and a lower urinary volume than animals from RMR groups (p<0.05). We did not observe differences between treated and no treated animals. These results suggest that three months of treatment with CA does not have a beneficial effect on hematocrit, urine specific gravity and urinary volume. However, these are preliminary data that warrant a larger scale study

Building on surface-active ionic liquids for the rescuing of the antimalarial drug chloroquine

Ionic liquids derived from classical antimalarials are emerging as a new approach towards the cost-effective rescuing of those drugs. Herein, we disclose novel surface-active ionic liquids derived from chloroquine and natural fatty acids whose antimalarial activity in vitro was found to be superior to that of the parent drug. The most potent ionic liquid was the laurate salt of chloroquine, which presented IC50 values of 4 and 110 nM against a chloroquine-sensitive and a chloroquine-resistant strain of Plasmodium falciparum, respectively, corresponding to an 11-and 6-fold increase in potency as compared to the reference chloroquine bisphosphate salt against the same strains. This unprecedented report opens new perspectives in both the fields of malaria chemotherapy and of surface-active ionic liquids derived from active pharmaceutical ingredients.publishersversionpublishe