A922 Sequential measurement of 1 hour creatinine clearance (1-CRCL) in critically ill patients at risk of acute kidney injury (AKI)

Meeting abstrac

IBD risk loci are enriched in multigenic regulatory modules encompassing putative causative genes.

GWAS have identified >200 risk loci for Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD). The majority of disease associations are known to be driven by regulatory variants. To identify the putative causative genes that are perturbed by these variants, we generate a large transcriptome data set (nine disease-relevant cell types) and identify 23,650 cis-eQTL. We show that these are determined by ∼9720 regulatory modules, of which ∼3000 operate in multiple tissues and ∼970 on multiple genes. We identify regulatory modules that drive the disease association for 63 of the 200 risk loci, and show that these are enriched in multigenic modules. Based on these analyses, we resequence 45 of the corresponding 100 candidate genes in 6600 Crohn disease (CD) cases and 5500 controls, and show with burden tests that they include likely causative genes. Our analyses indicate that ≥10-fold larger sample sizes will be required to demonstrate the causality of individual genes using this approach

Inherited determinants of Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis phenotypes: a genetic association study

Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis are the two major forms of inflammatory bowel disease; treatment strategies have historically been determined by this binary categorisation. Genetic studies have identified 163 susceptibility loci for inflammatory bowel disease, mostly shared between Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis. We undertook the largest genotype association study, to date, in widely used clinical subphenotypes of inflammatory bowel disease with the goal of further understanding the biological relations between diseases

Etude des variants génétiques des déficits immuns primaires et des formes ethniques dans l’architecture génétique des maladies inflammatoires du tube digestif

La majeure partie de l'héritabilité des maladies inflammatoires des intestins (MICI) comprenant essentiellement la maladie de Crohn (MC) et la rectocolite ulcéro-hémorragique (RCUH) reste manquante. A côté des formes classiques de MICI polygéniques, un nombre croissant de maladies rares monogéniques avec un syndrome d’immunodéficience primaire innée ou acquise (ou Primary Immune Deficiency (PID) disorders) et un tableau clinique de maladie inflammatoire gastro-intestinale semblable aux MICI ont été identifiées au cours de ces dernières années. Les gènes mutés au sein de ces PID pourraient contenir des variants rares associés aux MICI dont l'identification aurait échappé aux études d'association du génome (GWAS) et qui pourraient être détectés avec le séquençage à haut débit. Nous avons sélectionné 23 gènes candidats associés à dix maladies monogéniques avec manifestations gastro-intestinales inflammatoires ressemblant aux MICI et avons évalué la contribution éventuelle de ces gènes à la prédisposition héréditaire à développer une MC via d'une part une étude d'association sur base des données de génotypage de 17000 patients atteints de MC issus des GWAS de l'IIBDGC et d'autre part, via une étude de séquençage à haut débit au sein d'une cohorte de 2390 patients atteints de MC. Nous avons identifié 4 nouveaux variants du gène XIAP qui sont associés chez les patients porteurs de la mutation, à un défaut d'activation de la voie de NOD2 après stimulation par le muramyl dipeptide (MDP). En complément à l'étude des formes monogéniques de MICI, les formes non européennes peuvent également constituer une source de données à exploiter pour pallier à l'héritabilité manquante. En effet, la plupart des GWAS ont été effectuées au sein de populations d'origine européenne. Or en combinant plusieurs groupes ethniques, il est possible d'identifier de nouveaux loci de susceptibilité tel qu'on a pu l'observer dans la première étude trans-éthnique réalisée au sein de patients atteints de MICI. Très peu d'études génétiques ont été réalisées au sein de la population d'origine marocaine qui est la population non européenne la plus prépondérante en Belgique. Nous avons entrepris une étude d'association sur des puces de génotypage de type Immunochip au sein d'une population de 306 patients d'origine marocaine atteints de MICI, se focalisant sur les 163 variants communs de susceptibilité connus dans les MICI lorsque l'étude a été débutée. L'étude a identifié une association significative aux MICI pour dix loci notamment au sein des gènes tels que IL23R, JAK2, CARD9 ou CCR6. Ces associations sont nouvelles et n'ont pas été étudiées ou confirmées dans les précédentes études faites au sein de patients d'origine marocaine atteints de MICI.Doctorat en Sciences médicales (Médecine)info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublishe

High-density mapping of the MHC identifies a shared role for HLA-DRB1∗01:03 in inflammatory bowel diseases and heterozygous advantage in ulcerative colitis

Genome-wide association studies of the related chronic inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) known as Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis have shown strong evidence of association to the major histocompatibility complex (MHC). This region encodes a large number of immunological candidates, including the antigen-presenting classical human leukocyte antigen (HLA) molecules. Studies in IBD have indicated that multiple independent associations exist at HLA and non-HLA genes, but they have lacked the statistical power to define the architecture of association and causal alleles. To address this, we performed high-density SNP typing of the MHC in >32,000 individuals with IBD, implicating multiple HLA alleles, with a primary role for HLA-DRB1∗01:03 in both Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis. Noteworthy differences were observed between these diseases, including a predominant role for class II HLA variants and heterozygous advantage observed in ulcerative colitis, suggesting an important role of the adaptive immune response in the colonic environment in the pathogenesis of IBD.0SCOPUS: ar.jinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishe

Belgian recommendations for the management of anemia in patients with inflammatory bowel disease

Anemia is the most common extraintestinal manifestation of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) which, in most cases, results from an absolute or functional iron deficiency. Although anemia and iron deficiency may have a dramatic impact on the quality of life of IBD patients, they are underdiagnosed and undertreated. This paper provides evidence-based consensus guidelines and practical treatment algorithms that are directly applicable to the Belgian situation. In this way, the Belgian IBD research and development Group (BIRD) aims to increase awareness and knowledge among gastroenterologists in order to improve the management of anemia and iron deficiency in their IBD patients

Effect of the intake of resveratrol, resveratrol phosphate, and catechin-rich grape seed extract on markers of oxidative stress and gene expression in adult obese subjects

Background: The preventive effect of resveratrol (RES) on the development of human diseases has been verified by numerous epidemiological studies. Resveratrol triphosphate (RTP) is a stable derivative of RES in which phosphate groups protect the phenolic groups. Aims: This study compared the effect of RTP on biochemical and molecular markers of oxidative stress to equimolar doses (0.66 mmol) of RES and catechin-rich grape seed extract (CGSE) in a model of oxidative and metabolic stress associated with obesity in humans. Methods: Thirty-two obese subjects (BMI between 30 and 40) were enrolled. They all received 1 capsule of placebo/day for 28 days before being randomly devised into three arms receiving 1 capsule/day of RES, CGSE, or RTP during the following consecutive 28 days. Blood samples were collected at baseline, after the end of placebo intake, and after the end of the investigational product intake. Biochemical parameters of oxidative stress and blood expression of 200 redox-related genes were determined at each time point. Results: RTP and CGSE showed better antioxidant activities compared to RES and induced important modulations of gene expression. Conclusion: The results suggest that RTP and CGSE could contribute to a significant reduction of oxidative stress in obese subjects. © 2012 S. Karger AG, Basel.SCOPUS: ar.jinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishe

Predictive models assessing the response to ustekinumab highlight the value of therapeutic drug monitoring in Crohn's disease

Background: Despite the therapeutic efficacy of Ustekinumab (UST) in Crohn's disease (CD), loss of response (LOR) is observed over time. This study aims to evaluate the impact of the UST pharmacokinetics (PK) at induction on clinical and endoscopic outcomes, as well as to find predictive markers of UST response. Methods: This retrospective study included 80 CD patients. Pharmacokinetics data (trough levels (TLs)) combined with clinical and biological parameters were fed into tailored logistic regression and tree-based ensemble techniques to predict clinical and endoscopic outcomes at one year of follow-up. Results: TLs at week 16 were significantly lower among patients with moderate to severe endoscopic activity during the follow-up (p = 0.04). The best model to predict endoscopic outcome was obtained at week 16 by Random Forest with an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.92 ± 0.08, sensitivity 91% and specificity 75%, with key inputs such as lymphocyte and monocyte counts at week 8, and UST TLs and CRP at week 16. Conclusions: This real-world study confirms the relationship between early UST TLs and both clinical and endoscopic outcomes. Models were developed for the task of predicting clinical and endoscopic remission in CD patients treated with UST, highlighting the clinical relevance of UST TLs at week 16.SCOPUS: ar.jinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishe