What is Organisational Culture and How Can IT Be Managed Effectively

Budaya organisasi merupakan salah satu faktor penting yang menentukan kesuksesan suatu organisasi dan memiliki dampak jangka panjang terhadap kinerja organisasi tersebut. Nilai, cerita dan pahlawan merupakan elemen-elemen yang saling berkaitan dalam membentuk budaya suatu organisasi. Budaya organisasi yang kuat bisa menjadi kekuatan penggerak sekaligus bisa meningkatkan motivasi karyawan-karyawan sehingga mereka akan memiliki persepsi dan sikap yang sama dalam mencapai tujuan organisasi. Dengan demikian, karyawan akan memiliki komitmen yang tinggi terhadap organisasi tersebut. Oleh sebab itu, suatu organisasi harus mampu mengelola budaya organisasinya dengan efektif sehingga tujuan organisasi bisa tercapai dengan sukses

How does Shakespeare portray and use gender in Much Ado about Nothing?

The LAH102H Library Research Assignment includes an annotated bibliography, a précis of a scholarly article, and a brief reflection on the research experience.Carver, LarryLiberal Arts Honor

Incremental learning for large-scale stream data and its application to cybersecurity

As many human currently depend on technologies to assist with daily tasks, there are more and more applications which have been developed to be fit in one small gadget such as smart phone and tablet. Thus, by carrying this small gadget alone, most of our tasks are able to be settled efficiently and fast. Until the end of 20th century, mobile phones are only used to call and to send short message service (sms). However, in early 21st century, a rapid revolution of communi�cation technology from mobile phone into smart phone has been seen in which the smart phone is equipped by 4G Internet line along with the telephone service provider line. Thus, the users are able to make a phone call, send messages using variety of application such as Whatsapp and Line, send email, serving websites, accessing maps and handling some daily tasks via online using online banking, online shopping and online meetings via video conferences. In previous years, if there are cases of missing children or missing cars, the victims would rely on the police investigation. But now, as easy as uploading a notification about the loss on Facebook and spread the news among Facebook users, there are more people are able to help in the search. Despite the advantages that can be obtained using these technologies, there are a group of irresponsible people who take advan�tage of current technologies for their own self-interest. Among the applications that are usually being used by almost Internet users and also are often misused by cyber criminals are email and websites. Therefore, we take this initiative to make enhancement in cyber security application to avoid the Internet users from being trapped and deceived by the trick of cyber criminals by developing detec�tion system of malicious spam email and Distributed Denial of Services (DDoS) 377$3(53867$.1781.8781$0,1$+ iii backscatter. Imagine that a notice with a logo of Mobile Phone company is received by an email informing that the customer had recently run up a large mobile phone bill. A link regarding the bill is attached for him/her to find out the details. Since, the customer thinks that the billing might be wrong, thus the link is clicked. However, the link is directed to a webpage which displays a status that currently the webpage is under construction. Then the customer closes the page and thinking of to visit the website again at other time. Unfortunately, after a single click actually a malicious file is downloaded and installed without the customer aware of it. That malicious file most probably is a Trojan that capable to steal confidential information from victim’s computer. On the next day, when the same person is using the same computer to log in the online banking, all of a sudden find out that his/her money is lost totally. This is one of a worst case scenario of malicious spam email which is usually handled by cybersecurity field. Another different case of cybersecurity is the Distributed Denial of Services (DDoS) attack. Let say, Company X is selling flowers via online in which the market is from the local and international customer. The online business of Company X is running normally as usual, until a day before mother’s day, the webpage of Company X is totally down and the prospective customers could not open the webpage to make order to be sent specially for their beloved mother. Thus, the customers would search another company that sells the same item. The Company X server is down, most probably because of the DDoS attack where a junk traffic is sent to that company server which makes that server could not serve the request by the legitimate customers. This attack effect not only the profit of the company, but also reputation damage, regular customer turnover and productivity decline. Unfortunately, it is difficult for a normal user like us to detect malicious spam 377$ 3(53867$.1781.8781$0,1$+ email or DDoS attack with naked eyes. It is because recently the spammers and attacker had improved their strategy so that the malicious email and the DDoS packets are hardly able to be differentiated with the normal email and data packets. Once the Social Engineering is used by the spammers to create relevant email content in the malicious spam email and when a new campaign of DDoS attack is launched by the attacker, no normal users are capable to distinguish the benign and malicious email or data packets. This is where my Ph.D project comes in handy. My Ph.d is focusing on constructing a detection system of malicious spam email and DDoS attack using a large number of dataset which are obtained by a server that collect double-bounce email and darknet for malicious spam email detection system and DDoS backscatter detection system, respectively. As many up-to-date data are used during the learning, the detection system would become more robust to the latest strategy of the cybercriminal. Therefore, the scenario mentioned above can be avoided by assisting the user with important information at the user-end such as malicious spam email filter or at the server firewall. First of all, the method to learn large-scale stream data must be solved before implementing it in the detection system. Therefore, in Chapter 2, the general learning strategy of large-scale data is introduced to be used in the cybersecurity applications which are discussed in Chapter 3 and Chapter 4, respectively. One of a critical criterion of the detection system is capable to learn fast because after the learning, the updated information needs to be passed to user to avoid the user from being deceived by the cybercriminal. To process large-scale data sequences, it is important to choose a suitable learning algorithm that is capable to learn in real time. Incremental learning has an ability to process large data in chunk and update the parameters after learning each chunk. Such type of learning keep and update only the minimum information on a classifier model. 377$3(53867$.1781.8781$0,1$+ Therefore, it requires relatively small memory and short learning time. On the other hand, batch learning is not suitable because it needs to store all training data, which consume a large memory capacity. Due to the limited memory, it is certainly impossible to process online large-scale data sequences using the batch learning. Therefore, the learning of large-scale stream data should be conducted incrementally. This dissertation contains of five chapters. In Chapter 1, the concept of in�cremental learning is briefly described and basic theories on Resource Allocating Network (RAN) and conventional data selection method are discussed in this chapter. Besides that, the overview of this dissertation is also elaborated in this chapter. In Chapter 2, we propose a new algorithm based on incremental Radial Basis Function Network (RBFN) to accelerate the learning in stream data. The data sequences are represented as a large chunk size of data given continuously within a short time. In order to learn such data, the learning should be carried out incrementally. Since it is certainly impossible to learn all data in a short pe�riod, selecting essential data from a given chunk can shorten the learning time. In our method, we select data that are located in untrained or “not well-learned” region and discard data at trained or “well-learned” region. These regions are represented by margin flag. Each region is consisted of similar data which are near to each other. To search the similar data, the well-known LSH method pro�posed by Andoni et al. is used. The LSH method indeed has proven be able to quickly find similar objects in a large database. Moreover, we utilize the LSH ʼs properties; hash value and Hash Table to further reduced the processing time. A flag as a criterion to decide whether to choose or not the training data is added in the Hash Table and is updated in each chunk sequence. Whereas, the hash value of RBF bases that is identical with the hash value of the training data is used to select the RBF bases that is near to the training data. The performance results of 377$ 3(53867$.1781.8781$0,1$+ vi the numerical simulation on nine UC Irvine (UCI) Machine Learning Repository datasets indicate that the proposed method can reduce the learning time, while keeping the similar accuracy rate to the conventional method. These results indi�cate that the proposed method can improve the RAN learning algorithm towards the large-scale stream data processing. In Chapter 3, we propose a new online system to detect malicious spam emails and to adapt to the changes of malicious URLs in the body of spam emails by updating the system daily. For this purpose, we develop an autonomous system that learns from double-bounce emails collected at a mail server. To adapt to new malicious campaigns, only new types of spam emails are learned by introducing an active learning scheme into a classifier model. Here, we adopt Resource Allocating Network with Locality Sensitive Hashing (RAN-LSH) as a classifier model with data selection. In this data selection, the same or similar spam emails that have already been learned are quickly searched for a hash table using Locally Sensitive Hashing, and such spam emails are discarded without learning. On the other hand, malicious spam emails are sometimes drastically changed along with a new arrival of malicious campaign. In this case, it is not appropriate to classify such spam emails into malicious or benign by a classifier. It should be analyzed by using a more reliable method such as a malware analyzer. In order to find new types of spam emails, an outlier detection mechanism is implemented in RAN-LSH. To analyze email contents, we adopt the Bag-of-Words (BoW) approach and generate feature vectors whose attributes are transformed based on the normalized term frequency-inverse document frequency. To evaluate the developed system, we use a dataset of double-bounce spam emails which are collected from March 1, 2013 to May 10, 2013. In the experiment, we study the effect of introducing the outlier detection in RAN-LSH. As a result, by introducing the outlier detection, we confirm that the detection accuracy is enhanced on 377$3(53867$.$$1781.8781$0,1$+ average over the testing period. In Chapter 4, we propose a fast Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) backscat�ter detection system to detect DDoS backscatter from a combination of protocols and ports other than the following two labeled packets: Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) Port 80 (80/TCP) and User datagram Protocol (UDP) Port 53 (53/UDP). Usually, it is hard to detect DDoS backscatter from the unlabeled packets, where an expert is needed to analyze every packet manually. Since it is a costly approach, we propose a detection system using Resource Allocating Network (RAN) with data selection to select essential data. Using this method, the learning time is shorten, and thus, the DDoS backscatter can be detected fast. This detection system consists of two modules which are pre-processing and classifier. With the former module, the packets information are transformed into 17 feature-vectors. With the latter module, the RAN-LSH classifier is used, where only data located at untrained region are selected. The performance of the proposed detection system is evaluated using 9,968 training data from 80/TCP and 53/UDP, whereas 5,933 test data are from unlabeled packets which are col�lected from January 1st, 2013 until January 20th, 2014 at National Institute of Information and Communications Technology (NICT), Japan. The results indi�cate that detection system can detect the DDoS backscatter from both labeled and unlabeled packets with high recall and precision rate within a short time. Finally, in Chapter 5, we discussed the conclusions and the future work of our study: RAN-LSH classifier, malicious spam email detection system and DDoS backscatter detection system

ANALISIS KEPUASAN KONSUMEN DALAM PENGGUNAAN TIKET ANNUAL PASS DUFAN

AMINAH. 2015. 8223128281.SCIENTIFIC WORK REPORT. Marketing Diploma Studies Program. Department of Mangement. Faculty of Economic. Jakarta State University. Recreation is the one of the ideal place to eliminate fatigue of the daily routine to get a satisfaction. One of the industrial recreation is PT Pembangunan Jaya Ancol Tbk. consists of some subsidiaries firm that handle in variable fields. One of them is Dunia Fantasi (Dufan) is a mainstay Ancol. To raise the consument’s satisfaction, Dufan create new innovation of Annual Pass Dufan ticket that has been raising every year. So analysis of consument’s satisfaction is needed to know how far they are satisfied with the ticket price that has been changing at anytime. The objective of the analysis is to know how far the Annual Pass Dufan ticket have influenced the visitors. The analysis is carried on PT Pembangunan Jaya Ancol Tbk. located in Jalan Lodan Timur No. 7, Taman Impian Jaya Ancol, North Jakarta, Jakarta 14431. Collected the data by series of questionnaires. Based on the analysis, the result of hypothesis testing T test analysis concludes that the price variables effect on user satisfaction of Dufan ticket Annual Pass because the value of T is greater than T table

Kajian amalan budaya Orang Asli Suku Kaum Jakun di Kampung Peta

Orang Asli suku kaum Jakun kaya dengan pelbagai budaya yang unik dan tersendiri. Arus globalisasi kini, telah memberi kesan kepada pengamalan kebudayaan warisan mereka dalam kehidupan seharian. Hal ini disebabkan kurangnya penglibatan daripada generasi muda hari ini. Terdapat tiga objektif dalam kajian ini iaitu mengenalpasti jenis budaya material dan bukan material yang terdapat di Kampung Peta, mengkaji kecenderungan generasi muda kepada pengamalan budaya warisan suku kaum mereka dan menganalisis langkah untuk mengekalkan amalan budaya warisan Orang Asli Jakun di Kampung Peta. Metodologi yang digunakan adalah berbentuk kualitatif dengan menyediakan dua set soalan temu bual mendalam kepada kumpulan fokus atau focus group, pemerhatian peserta dan pemerhatian tidak turut serta. Responden adalah terdiri daripada dua kumpulan iaitu penduduk Jakun di Kampung Peta yang mempunyai kemahiran dalam aspek amalan budaya dan generasi muda iaitu remaja dan belia Jakun untuk mencapai objektif kajian pertama dan kedua. Hasil kajian utama terdapat amalan budaya yang masih dilakukan dan dijalankan di Kampung Peta iaitu amalan budaya material yang terdiri daripada suku kaum Jakun, gelaran, dialek, peralatan, kraf tangan, makanan, nyanyian, tarian dan tempat tinggal. Bagi amalan budaya bukan material ialah agama dan kepercayaan serta perubatan tradisional manakala kecenderungan generasi muda kepada pengamalan budaya warisan kerana mereka tidak menunjukkan minat dan komitmen untuk mewarisi amalan budaya tersebut. Justeru, langkah pengekalan bagi mengekalkan kebudayaan suku kaum mereka iaitu dengan cara pengkomersialan produk budaya, memperkasa dan meningkatkan kebolehan Orang Asli, memberikan pendedahan yang khusus, memberi galakan dan insentif dan mewujudkan Rumah Budaya. Cadangan ini bukan sahaja boleh mengekalkan amalan budaya tetapi sebagai medium kesinambungan warisan untuk pengetahuan dan tatapan generasi akan datang

The Potency Of Metacognitive Learning To Foster Mathematical Logical Thinking

The ability of thinking logically needs to be developed due to the fact that it is an essential basic skill. Logical thinking affects that giving reason must be true, and that a sequence of assumptions is based on the high truth value. Mathematics is a subject that functions to train students to think logically. The understanding of logic will help students to arrange the proof that support through process to finally arrive at a conclusion. Currently, metacognition is viewed as an essential element of learning. It refers to someone knowledge of processes and the result itself or of that connected to the process. Metacognition is needed when student solves the task that needs argumentation and logical understanding. In order to help student to skillful think logically, mathematics learning must be designed as such so that the condition will raise the skill of metacognitive acts. Key words: metacognitive learning, mathematical logical thinkin

The Causes Of The High Level Of Plagiarism In The Preparation Of Scientific Work In Islamic Education

This study aimed to identify the causes of the high level of plagiarism in the preparation of scientific papers of Postgraduate Islamic Education students of Pontianak  State Islamic Institute. The results of this research can be used as a reference solution to overcome the problem of plagiarism of scientific work in Islamic Education. A qualitative approach with phenomenology type was used in this research. The subjects of this research are the data collected are papers or other written works made during the Strata-2 (S-2) course consisting of, (1) students of the Islamic Education study program of IAIN Pontianak Postgraduate Class XV totaling 4 people, (2) lecturers of the Islamic Education study program of IAIN Pontianak Postgraduate Class XV totaling 4 people, and (3) leaders of the Islamic Education study program of IAIN Pontianak Postgraduate Class XV totaling 2 people. Data collection techniques and instruments used were, (1) interview techniques with semi-structured interview guideline instruments and (2) documentation studies with instruments in the form of documents and photographs. Data analysis was conducted using the Strauss and Corbin model. The results of this study found 5 (five) causes of plagiarism behavior that occurred in assignments in the form of scientific papers, namely, (1) difficulty finding references in writing scientific papers, (2) difficulty processing reading material from references, (3) there is no guidebook for writing scientific papers, (4) leniency in monitoring plagiarism behavior, and (5) less strict sanctions for plagiarism behavior

Penegakan Hukum Lingkungan yang Seimbang (Studi Kasus Pembakaran Hutan)

The environment has various functions and is very important for human life, so the Government makes legislation and enforces its law to maintain the function of the environment. Although law enforcement has been carried out, many environmental cases cannot be resolved so that pollution and environmental damage often occur in Indonesia. This research wants to know whether law enforcement in Indonesia has not yet realized the balance and how the concept of law enforcement is balanced. The approach method used by Juridical normative with analytical descriptive specifications, uses primary and secondary data and analysis using explanation building analysis. From the results of the study, it was found that Law Enforcement in Indonesia has not yet realized a balance, especially in law enforcement in cases of forest fires that have proven that forest fires repeatedly occur and have a good impact in the form of ecological impacts, economic impacts and sociological impacts, this is caused by various constraints of law enforcement Administration, civil or criminal

MAQĀṢID ASY-SYARĪ‘AH PENGERTIAN DAN PENERAPAN DALAM EKONOMI ISLAM

Basically syariah includes a broadly discussion, because besides talking about the interaction with Allah (ibadah), it is also with another human (muamalah). The focus of muamalah is to manage the Muslims life in their interaction with others, include the vital thing, economic side. Economic issues closely related to the benefits; because it is very important in Islamic economy and occupy a very central issues to judge. The growing era developed with every different innovations of life, appearing new events untapped by classical fiqh. On the other side, with the varieties of benefits come, we must be careful with the benefits that will be reache

Perlindungan Hukum terhadap anak yang lahir hasil perjanjian Sewa Rahim

Sepasang suami istri sebagian besar ingin memiliki keturunan, akan tetapi tidak semua apat memperoleh keturunan. Mereka melakukan barbagai upaya antara lain melakukan  perjanjian sewa rahim seorang wanita untuk menanamkan benih suami istritersebut di rahim wanita tersebut, kemudian wanita tersebut diminta mengandung, melahirkan kemudian akan menyerahkan anak tersebut kepada suami istri tersebut, dengan diberi suatu imbalan tertentu. Proses sewa Rahim tersebut di Indonesia secara hukum dilarang, akan tetapi ada sebagian yang melakukan secara ilegal. Tulisan ini mengkaji tentang aspek hukum pelaksaan perjanjian sewa Rahim di Indonesia dan bagaimana perlidungan hukum bagi anak yang sudah dilahirkan dari hasil sewa Rahim. Kesimpulannya 1) pelaksanaan perjanjian sewa Rahim di Indonesia adalah bertentangan dengan peraturan perundang-undangan, kesusilaan dan ketertiban umum, maka berakibat hukum perjanjian itu batal demi hukum; 2) anak yang dilahirkan memiliki dua kemungkinan, yaitu sebagai anak sah jika dilahirkan oleh wanita yang bersuami dan tidak disangkal oleh suaminya, atau sebagai anak luar kawin jika yang mengandung adalah wanita lajang/ wanita bersuami tetapi anaknya di sangkal oleh suaminya. Anak baik sebagai anak sah atau anak luar kawin , anak tetap mendapatkan perlindungan hukum, yakni memiliki hak-hak sebagai anak sebagaimana di atur dalam undang-undang perkawinan maupun undang-undang  perlindungan anak. Kata kunci: Perlindungan Hukum, Anak,  Perjanjian Sewa Rahi