Da simples natureza guardemos sempre as leis : a epístola de Silva Alvarenga a Basílio da Gama

O artigo estuda uma epístola em verso, publicada em 1772, que Manuel Inácio da Silva Alvarenga dirigiu a José Basílio da Gama, a propósito da publicação de O Uraguai. Sublinhando a importância teórica-crítica do poema, identificamos algumas das fontes utilizadas pelo autor, chamamos a atenção para o modelo de alexandrino nele presente e damos a conhecer o texto na sua versão correta, sob a forma de uma edição crítica anotada.This paper studies an epistle in verse, published in 1772, by Manuel Inácio da Silva Alvarenga, addressed to José Basilio da Gama, about the publication of O Uraguai. The article emphasizes the theoretical-critical importance of the poem, identifies some of the sources used by the author, calls the attention to the model of the Alexandrian verse and presents the text in its correct version in the form of an annotated critical edition

Gait speed, balance and functional capacity in a sample of community-dwelling older adults

Introduction: Falls in older people is an important public health concern since they are responsible for a high number of hospitalizations, health complications, disability, and death. Gait speed has been identified as a predictor of health state in elderly populations and it is related to falls and functional capacity. The aim of this study was to identify the risk of falling in a sample of Portuguese older adults living in the community and to investigate the associations between gait speed, balance, and functionality. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study. Assessment included gait speed (GS) with 4-meter walk test; balance with the Berg Balance Scale (BBS); functional capacity with the Composite Physical Function Scale (CPF). Descriptive and correlational statistics were performed to analyze data. Results: 46 community-dwelling older adults (32 women; 14 men) aged 77 ± 9 years participated in our study. Mean value for GS was 1.17 ± 0.37 m/s which is normal for this population. For BBS and CPF median was 52 and 19, respectively. BBS results revealed a risk of falling off 43% and functional capacity of our participants was at moderate levels. The study of correlations between variables also showed positive associations between GS and BBS (R = 0.631; p = 0.00) and between GS and CPF (R = 0.605; p = 0.00). Conclusions: Positive associations between GS and balance and between GS and functional capacity highlight the role of GS in the assessment of fall risk and functional capacity since it is a simple and easy test to perform.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Atuação do enfermeiro na prevenção do Câncer de Colo de Útero relacionado ao HPV

Introdução: A neoplasia maligna do colo do útero, é definida como um tumor que se desenvolve a partir de alterações no colo uterino. É o terceiro tumor maligno que ocorre com maior frequência na população feminina. O principal responsável por esta neoplasia é o papiloma vírus humano (HPV), um vírus transmitido sexualmente. Objetivo: Descrever a atuação do enfermeiro na prevenção do câncer de colo de útero relacionado ao HPV. Metodologia: Trata-se de uma pesquisa de revisão integrativa, exploratória, básica e qualitativa. Para inclusão de estudos utilizou-se textos completos, em língua portuguesa e publicados entre 2017 e 2021. Foram excluídas teses, dissertações, monografias, textos incompletos e sem relação com o objetivo da pesquisa. A busca ocorreu de fevereiro a março, nas bases de dados BEDENF, LILACS E BVS. Resultados e discussão: Foram selecionados sete artigos, havendo predomínio de estudos qualitativos, divididos em três categorias temáticas: Acolhimento na consulta ginecológica de enfermagem, conhecimento das mulheres em relação ao exame Papanicolau e fragilidades e dificuldades encontradas na prevenção do câncer de colo uterino. Os estudos destacaram que o acolhimento realizado pelo enfermeiro deve ser baseado na comunicação, humanização, estabelecimento de vínculo e confiança. As intervenções realizadas pelo mesmo podem mudar comportamentos de risco associados. Considerações finais: A pesquisa permitiu compreender a importância do enfermeiro diante a prevenção do CCU, evidenciando o acolhimento desenvolvido durante a consulta ginecológica de enfermagem. Cabe ao mesmo atuar na promoção e prevenção, ultrapassando todas as barreiras que limitam a realização do exame citopatológico

Projeto de extensão “Pilates na deficiência visual”, quebrando barreiras

Devido à pandemia do novo coronavírus, o projeto de extensão “Pilates na deficiência visual” da Universidade Federal do Triângulo Mineiro (UFTM) teve que se reinventar para manter suas atividades e proporcionar aos integrantes uma experiência positiva e construtiva. Os objetivos principais do projeto, no momento, são capacitar os membros à distância, por meio de discussões de artigos acadêmicos e de treinamentos do Pilates via online e também propiciar treinamento de Pilates e informações aos Deficientes Visuais (DV’s) sobre diversos assuntos relacionados à saúde e prevenção. Dessa forma, pretende-se preservar a proposta original do projeto e sanar possíveis dúvidas dessa população especial quanto ao contexto atual. Apesar de algumas incertezas trazidas pela pandemia, é imprescindível que os projetos de extensão se redescubram e se reinventem, de forma a dar continuidade no projeto original e ultrapassar limites impostos pelo distanciamento

High Levels of Diversity Uncovered in a Widespread Nominal Taxon: Continental Phylogeography of the Neotropical Tree Frog

Species distributed across vast continental areas and across major biomes provide unique model systems for studies of biotic diversification, yet also constitute daunting financial, logistic and political challenges for data collection across such regions. The tree frog Dendropsophus minutus (Anura: Hylidae) is a nominal species, continentally distributed in South America, that may represent a complex of multiple species, each with a more limited distribution. To understand the spatial pattern of molecular diversity throughout the range of this species complex, we obtained DNA sequence data from two mitochondrial genes, cytochrome oxidase I (COI) and the 16S rhibosomal gene (16S) for 407 samples of D. minutus and closely related species distributed across eleven countries, effectively comprising the entire range of the group. We performed phylogenetic and spatially explicit phylogeographic analyses to assess the genetic structure of lineages and infer ancestral areas. We found 43 statistically supported, deep mitochondrial lineages, several of which may represent currently unrecognized distinct species. One major clade, containing 25 divergent lineages, includes samples from the type locality of D. minutus. We defined that clade as the D. minutus complex. The remaining lineages together with the D. minutus complex constitute the D. minutus species group. Historical analyses support an Amazonian origin for the D. minutus species group with a subsequent dispersal to eastern Brazil where the D. minutus complex originated. According to our dataset, a total of eight mtDNA lineages have ranges >100,000 km2. One of them occupies an area of almost one million km2 encompassing multiple biomes. Our results, at a spatial scale and resolution unprecedented for a Neotropical vertebrate, confirm that widespread amphibian species occur in lowland South America, yet at the same time a large proportion of cryptic diversity still remains to be discovered

DNA multigene characterization of Fasciola hepatica and Lymnaea neotropica and its fascioliasis transmission capacity in Uruguay, with historical correlation, human report review and infection risk analysis

Fascioliasis is a highly pathogenic zoonotic disease emerging in recent decades, in part due to the effects of climate and global changes. South America is the continent presenting more numerous human fascioliasis endemic areas and the highest Fasciola hepatica infection prevalences and intensities known in humans. These serious public health scenarios appear mainly linked to altitude areas in Andean countries, whereas lowland areas of non-Andean countries, such as Uruguay, only show sporadic human cases or outbreaks. To understand this difference, we characterized F. hepatica from cattle and horses and lymnaeids of Uruguay by sequencing of ribosomal DNA ITS-2 and ITS-1 spacers and mitochondrial DNA cox1, nad1 and 16S genes. Results indicate that vectors belong to Lymnaea neotropica instead of to Lymnaea viator, as always reported from Uruguay. Our correlation of fasciolid and lymnaeid haplotypes with historical data on the introduction and spread of livestock species into Uruguay allow to understand the molecular diversity detected. We study the life cycle and transmission features of F. hepatica by L. neotropica of Uruguay under standardized experimental conditions to enable a comparison with the transmission capacity of F. hepatica by Galba truncatula at very high altitude in Bolivia. Results demonstrate that although L. neotropica is a highly efficient vector in the lowlands, its transmission capacity is markedly lower than that of G. truncatula in the highlands. On this baseline, we review the human fascioliasis cases reported in Uruguay and analyze the present and future risk of human infection in front of future climate change estimations