Synergism and negative interference during co-infection of tomato and Nicotiana benthamiana with two bipartite begomoviruses

In Brazil, at least eight begomoviruses including Tomato rugose mosaic virus (ToRMV) and Tomato yellow spot virus (ToYSV) infect tomatoes. ToYSV symptoms in tomato and Nicotiana benthamiana appear earlier and are more severe compared to those of ToRMV. We investigated the role of several factors in this differential adaptation. To analyze infection kinetics, a single leaf was inoculated and subsequently detached after different periods of time. Viral DNA accumulation was quantified in plants, viral replication was analyzed in protoplasts, and tissue tropism was determined by in situ hybridization. Results indicate that ToYSV establishes a systemic infection and reaches a higher concentration earlier than ToRMV in both hosts. ToRMV negatively interferes with ToYSV during the initial stages of infection, but once systemic infection is established this interference ceases. In N. benthamiana, ToYSV invades the mesophyll, while ToRMV is phloem-restricted. During dual infection in this host, ToYSV releases ToRMV from the phloem

Study of the influence of the synthesis conditions of the precursor polymeric method for LaNiO3 perovskite type formation

A perovsquita do tipo LaNiO3 é um material que exibe aplicações em diversas áreas como catálise, óptica, células a combustível de óxido sólido, etc.. Neste trabalho, a otimização da síntese de perovsquitas do tipo LaNiO3 foi feita pelo método dos precursores poliméricos, modificando as razões metal/ácido cítrico e etilenoglicol/ácido cítrico. Em geral, as propriedades destes materiais variam com a composição e com o método de síntese. Os materiais sintetizados foram caracterizados por difração de raios X, análise termogravimétrica e espectroscopia de infravermelho. As perovsquitas com razões metal/ácido cítrico (1,0/1,0) e etilenoglicol/ácido cítrico (60/40) apresentaram melhores resultados em relação à obtenção da fase perovsquita monofásica. _________________________________________________________________________________________ ABSTRACT: The LaNiO3 perovskite is a material that displays applications in several areas as catalysis, optics, in solid oxide fuel cells, etc. In this work the optimization of the synthesis of LaNiO3 perovskite was performed using the polymeric precursor method, modifying the metal/citric acid and ethyleneglycol/citric acid ratios. In general, the properties of these materials vary with the composition and the synthesis method. The materials were characterized by X-ray diffraction, thermal gravimetric analysis and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The perovskite with ratios metal/citric acid (1.0/1.0) and ethylene glycol/citric acid (60/40) showed better results to obtain the perovskite monophasic phase

SECH: Software de Gerenciamento Farmacêutico e Prescrição Eletrônica

Este artigo objetiva apresentar o sistema de gerenciamento farmacêutico e prescrição eletrônica intitulado de SECH (Sistema Eletrônico de Controle Hospitalar), de forma a destacara importância do uso da tecnologia da informação em processos de gestão em saúde. Trata-se de um estudo descritivo de natureza aplicada, realizado a partir de técnicas e modelos utilizados para o desenvolvimento de softwares. O software SECH possibilita a automatização de processos relacionados ao controle de medicamentos e gerenciamento das prescrições médicas, em uma unidade hospitalar. Com a sua aplicação espera-se contribuir para a melhoria da atenção prestada pela unidade hospitalar a partir da automatização dos processos relacionados ao controle de medicamentos e prescrição eletrônica

COPING E PADRÕES BIOLÓGICOS DE SONO EM EXPEDICIONÁRIOS ANTÁRTICOS

The objective of this study was to evaluate the variation of coping strategies and sleep patterns in 13 male naval aviation expeditioners at the beginning and end of a summer expedition to Antarctica. To investigate the coping and sleep variables, the BriefCOPE scale was used, a biological rhythm questionnaire and a sociodemographic form to control variables. Emotion-focused coping strategies of the dysfunctional type increased significantly throughout the exposure and there was no relationship between changes in sleep patterns and coping strategies between the onset and end of exposure to the environment. Attention to psychological factors in polar environments can prevent accidents in context.O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a variação das estratégias de coping e padrões de sono em 13 expedicionários do sexo masculino da aviação naval no início e ao final de uma expedição de verão à Antártica. Para investigar as variáveis de coping e de sono foram utilizadas a escala BriefCOPE, um questionário de ritmos biológicos e um formulário sociodemográfico para controle de variáveis. As estratégias de coping focadas na emoção do tipo disfuncional aumentaram de forma significativa ao longo da exposição e não houve relação entre as alterações nos padrões de sono e as estratégias de coping entre o início e final da exposição ao ambiente. A atenção a fatores psicológicos em ambientes polares pode prevenir acidentes no contexto

Surto de varicela entre imigrantes venezuelanos alojados em abrigos e ocupações no estado de Roraima, 2019: um estudo descritivo

Objective: To describe the chickenpox outbreak among Venezuelan immigrants in shelters and occupations in the municipalities of Pacaraima and Boa Vista, Roraima, Brazil, and the control measures implemented. Methods: Descriptive case series study, that happened between november 21 and december 13, 2019, using secondary database from the investigation of the outbreak, made available by the General Coordination of the National Immunization Program. Descriptive analysis was performed, using simple and relative frequency measures, and calculating measures of central tendency and dispersion. Results: Of the 9,591 immigrants, 38 active cases and 1,500 susceptible to chickenpox were detected. Among the active cases, 23 were female and the most affected age group those under 9 years old (17 cases). Conclusion: The identification of susceptible people in the investigation led to the adoption of immunization actions that controlled the transmission, preventing serious cases, deaths, and the overload of the local health care network.Objetivo: Descrever o surto de varicela entre imigrantes venezuelanos em abrigos e ocupações nos municípios de Pacaraima e Boa Vista, Roraima, Brasil, e as medidas de controle implementadas. Métodos: Estudo descritivo de tipo ‘série de casos’, realizado entre 21 de novembro e 13 de dezembro de 2019, sobre banco de dados secundários da investigação do surto disponibilizado pela Coordenação-Geral do Programa Nacional de Imunizações. Na análise descritiva, utilizou-se medidas de frequência simples e relativa e foram calculadas medidas de tendência central e dispersão. Resultados: Dos 9.591 imigrantes, detectaram-se 38 casos ativos e 1.500 suscetíveis à varicela. Dos casos ativos, 23 eram do sexo feminino e a faixa etária mais acometida foi a de menores de 9 anos (17 casos). Conclusão: Identificou-se pessoas suscetíveis à varicela na investigação; foram adotadas ações de imunização que controlaram a transmissão, evitando casos graves, óbitos e sobrecarga da rede de assistência à saúde local

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear un derstanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5–7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8–11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world’s most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepre sented in biodiversity databases.13–15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may elim inate pieces of the Amazon’s biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological com munities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple or ganism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region’s vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most ne glected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lostinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Post-intervention Status in Patients With Refractory Myasthenia Gravis Treated With Eculizumab During REGAIN and Its Open-Label Extension

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate whether eculizumab helps patients with anti-acetylcholine receptor-positive (AChR+) refractory generalized myasthenia gravis (gMG) achieve the Myasthenia Gravis Foundation of America (MGFA) post-intervention status of minimal manifestations (MM), we assessed patients' status throughout REGAIN (Safety and Efficacy of Eculizumab in AChR+ Refractory Generalized Myasthenia Gravis) and its open-label extension. METHODS: Patients who completed the REGAIN randomized controlled trial and continued into the open-label extension were included in this tertiary endpoint analysis. Patients were assessed for the MGFA post-intervention status of improved, unchanged, worse, MM, and pharmacologic remission at defined time points during REGAIN and through week 130 of the open-label study. RESULTS: A total of 117 patients completed REGAIN and continued into the open-label study (eculizumab/eculizumab: 56; placebo/eculizumab: 61). At week 26 of REGAIN, more eculizumab-treated patients than placebo-treated patients achieved a status of improved (60.7% vs 41.7%) or MM (25.0% vs 13.3%; common OR: 2.3; 95% CI: 1.1-4.5). After 130 weeks of eculizumab treatment, 88.0% of patients achieved improved status and 57.3% of patients achieved MM status. The safety profile of eculizumab was consistent with its known profile and no new safety signals were detected. CONCLUSION: Eculizumab led to rapid and sustained achievement of MM in patients with AChR+ refractory gMG. These findings support the use of eculizumab in this previously difficult-to-treat patient population. CLINICALTRIALSGOV IDENTIFIER: REGAIN, NCT01997229; REGAIN open-label extension, NCT02301624. CLASSIFICATION OF EVIDENCE: This study provides Class II evidence that, after 26 weeks of eculizumab treatment, 25.0% of adults with AChR+ refractory gMG achieved MM, compared with 13.3% who received placebo

Minimal Symptom Expression' in Patients With Acetylcholine Receptor Antibody-Positive Refractory Generalized Myasthenia Gravis Treated With Eculizumab

The efficacy and tolerability of eculizumab were assessed in REGAIN, a 26-week, phase 3, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study in anti-acetylcholine receptor antibody-positive (AChR+) refractory generalized myasthenia gravis (gMG), and its open-label extension