O legado do pensamento filosófico de Leopoldo Zea para a América Latina: o latino-americanismo universal

This article examines the connection between Leopoldo Zea’s philosophy and the historical circumstances in which he lived. The parallel between his production and determining facts of Latin American history, including the influences he received from them, is made according to three fundamental stages: the History of Ideas in Latin America; the Philosophy of the History of Latin America and Latin American Philosophy of Liberation. It concludes that the path of his intellectual production reaches the apex with a discourse that seeks universal communication – and mutual recognition – based on solidarity and equality between the different cultural identities. Thus, as the observation of peculiarities of our history points to cultural plurality, as an expression of the plurality of history, one may conclude that there is an equalitarian insertion of the American man/woman in the universal destiny. Consequently, liberation doesn’t come before any will or vocation to the establishment of a new domination, but the equalitarian insertion of the American culture – of all cultures, in essence – in the universal destiny. Key-words: Leopoldo Zea, Philosophy of history, Latin American philosophy, History of Latin America, Universal Latin Americanism.Este artigo examina a vinculação da filosofia de Leopoldo Zea com a circunstância histórica que lhe tocou viver. O cotejo de sua produção com os fatos marcantes da História da América Latina, verificando as influências deles recebidas, se faz de acordo com três etapas fundamentais: a da História das Idéias na América Latina; a da Filosofia da História da América Latina e da Filosofia da Libertação Latino-Americana. O resultado a que se chega é o de que a trajetória de sua produção intelectual alcança o ápice com um discurso que busca a comunicação universal – e o reconhecimento mútuo – com base na solidariedade e a igualdade entre as diferentes identidades culturais. Assim, na medida em que a constatação da peculiaridade de nossa história aponta para a pluralidade cultural, como expressão da pluralidade da história, pode-se concluir no sentido da inserção igualitária do homem americano no destino universal. Desse modo, a libertação não antecede nenhuma vontade, ou vocação, para o estabelecimento de novo domínio, mas sim o inserir-se igualitário da cultura americana – de todas as culturas, em essência – no destino universal. Palavras-chave: Leopoldo Zea, Filosofia da História, Filosofia latino-americana, História da América Latina, Latino-americanismo universal

Analyzing Interaction for Automated Adaptation – First Steps in the IAAA Project

Because of an aging society and the relevance of computer-based systems in a variety of fields of our life, personalization of software systems is becoming more important by the day in order to prevent usage errors and create a good user experience. However, personalization typically is a time-consuming and costly process if it is done through manual configuration. Automated adaptation to specific users’ needs is, therefore, a useful way to reduce the efforts necessary. The IAAA project focuses on the analysis of user interaction capabilities and the implementation of automated adaptations based on them. However, the success of these endeavors is strongly reliant on a careful selection of interaction modalities as well as profound knowledge of the target group’s general interaction behavior. Therefore, as a first step in the project, an extensive task-based user observation with thorough involvement of the actual target group was conducted in order to determine input devices and modalities that would in a second step become subject of the first prototypic implementations. This paper discusses the general objectives of the IAAA project, describes the methodology and aims behind the user observation and presents its results

Efimov physics in a finite volume

Three bosons with large scattering length show universal properties that do not depend on the details of the interaction at short distances. In the three-boson system, these properties include a geometric spectrum of shallow three-body states called "Efimov states" and log-periodic dependence of scattering observables on the scattering length. We investigate the modification of the Efimov states in a finite cubic box and calculate the dependence of their energies on the box size using effective field theory. We explicitly verify the renormalization of the effective field theory in the finite volume.Comment: 9 pages, 3 figures, sign error corrected, numerical results changed, final versio

The effects of clinical task interruptions on subsequent performance of a medication pre-administration task

There is a surge of research exploring the role of task interruptions in the manifestation of primary task errors both in controlled experimental settings, and safety critical workplaces such as healthcare. Despite such research providing valuable insights into the disruptive properties of task interruption, and, the importance of considering the likely disruptive consequences of clinical task interruptions in healthcare environments, there is an urgent need for an approach that best mimics complex working environments such as healthcare, whilst allowing better control over experimental variables with minimal constraints. We propose that this can be achieved with ecologically sensitive experimental tasks designed to have high levels of experimental control so that theoretical as well as practical parameters and factors can be tested. We developed a theoretically and ecologically informed procedural memory-based task - the CAMROSE Medication Pre-Administration Task. Results revealed significantly more sequence errors were made on low, moderate and high complex conditions compared to no interruption condition. There was no significant difference in non-sequence errors. Findings reveal the importance of developing ecologically valid tasks to explore non-observable characteristics of clinical task interruptions. Both theoretical and possible practical implications are discussed

Evaluation of an antibacterial orthodontic adhesive incorporated with niobium-based bioglass : an in situ study

This in situ study aimed to evaluate the antibacterial and anti-demineralization effects of an experimental orthodontic adhesive containing triazine and niobium phosphate bioglass (TAT) around brackets bonded to enamel surfaces. Sixteen volunteers were selected to use intra-oral devices with six metallic brackets bonded to enamel blocks. The experimental orthodontic adhesives were composed by 75% BisGMA and 25% TEGDMA containing 0% TAT and 20% TAT. Transbond XT adhesive (TXT) was used as a control group. Ten volunteers, mean age of 29 years, were included in the study. The six blocks of each volunteer were detached from the appliance after 7 and 14 days to evaluate mineral loss and bacterial growth including total bacteria, total Streptococci, Streptococci mutans, and Lactobacilli. Statistical analysis was performed using GLM model - univariate analysis of variance for microhardness and 2-way ANOVA for bacterial growth (p<0.05). The 20% TAT adhesive caused no difference between distances from bracket and the sound zone at 10-μm deep after 7 and 14 days. After 14 days, higher mineral loss was shown around brackets at 10- to 30-μm deep for TXT and 0% TAT adhesives compared to 20% TAT. S. mutans growth was inhibited by 20% TAT adhesive at 14 days. Adhesive with 20% TAT showed lower S. mutans and total Streptococci growth than 0% TAT and TXT adhesives. The findings of this study show that the adhesive incorporated by triazine and niobium phosphate bioglass had an anti-demineralization effect while inhibiting S. mutans and total Streptococci growth. The use of this product may inhibit mineral loss of enamel, preventing the formation of white spot lesions